List of state leaders in 1585
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This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1585.
Africa
- Ethiopian Empire – Sarsa Dengel (1563–1597)
- Kingdom of Kongo – Álvaro I, Manikongo (1568–1587)
- Sennar Sultanate –
- Dakin (1568–1585/6)
- Dawra (1585/6-1587/8)
- Songhai Empire – Askia Al-Hajj, Askia of the Songhai Empire (1582–1586)
Asia
- Ahmadnagar Sultanate – Murtaza Nizam Shah I (1565–1588)
- Arakkal kingdom – Ali Raja Ali, Raja of Arakkal (1545–1591)
- Bali – Dalem Seganing, Raja of Bali (c. 1580–1623)
- Sultanate of Brunei – Muhammad Hassan (1582–1598)
- Khanate of Khiva – Abdullah Khan II (1577–1598)
- China (Ming dynasty) - Wanli Emperor (1573–1620)
- Đại Việt – Lê Thế Tông (1573–1599)
- Đàng Ngoài – Trịnh Tùng, Trịnh lord (1570–1623)
- Đàng Trong – Nguyễn Hoàng, Nguyễn lord (1558–1613)
- Japan (Sengoku period)
- Monarch – Emperor Ōgimachi (1557–1586)
- de facto - Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536–1598)
- Regent (Kampaku) - Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Sesshō and Kampaku (1585–1598)
- Kachari Kingdom – Satrrudaman (1583–1613)
- Kashmir - Ali Shah
- Khanate of Khiva – Haji Muhammad I (1558–1602)
- Kamata Kingdom – Nara Narayan (1554–1586)
- Joseon (Korea) – Seonjo (1567–1608)
- Mughal Empire – Akbar (1556–1605)
- Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Ei (1573–1586)
- Thatta – Juni Bek
- Vijayanagara Empire – Sriranga Deva Raya (1572–1586)
Europe
- Kingdom of Denmark and Norway – Frederick II (1559–1588)
- Duchy of Schleswig – Adolf (1544–1586) and Frederick II (1559–1588) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England – Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
- Kingdom of France – Henry III (1574–1589)
- Holy Roman Empire – Rudolf II (1576–1612)
- Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen – Henry III (1567–1585)
- Duchy of Holstein – Adolf (1544–1586) and Frederick II (1559–1588) in condominial rule
- Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück – Henry II (1574–1585)
- Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn – Henry IV (1577–1585)
- Royal Hungary – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf I) (1576–1608)
- Kingdom of Navarre – Henry III (1572–1610)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Murad III (1574–1595)
- Papal States
- Pope Gregory XIII (1572–1585)
- Pope Sixtus V (1585–1590)
- Kingdom of Poland – Stephen Báthory (1575–1586)
- Russia
- Tsar - Feodor I (1584–1598)
- Regent – Boris Godunov (1584–1598)
- Kingdom of Scotland – James VI (1567–1625)
- Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal – Philip II (1556–1598)
- Kingdom of Sweden – John III (1568–1592)
- United Provinces
- Estates of Duchy of Brabant, Flanders, Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
- Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, governor of the Netherlands (for queen Elizabeth I of England)
- Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland (1585–1625)
- Republic of Venice –
- Nicolò da Ponte, Doge of Venice (1578–1585)
- Pasquale Cicogna, Doge of Venice (1585–1595)
Middle East and North Africa
- Morocco (Saadi dynasty) - Ahmad I al-Mansur Saadi (1578–1603)
- Safavid Empire – Mohammad Khodabanda, Shah of Iran (1578–1587)