List of shipwrecks in 1938
The list of shipwrecks in 1938 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 1938.
January
1 January
- Skottland (
Norway): The cargo ship was wrecked 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) off Cape Mayor, near Santander, Spain.[1] She sank on 3 January,[2] all crew were rescued.[3] - Sylvabelle (
France): The two-masted schooner collided with Ilse (
Sweden in the English Channel off St. Ives, Cornwall, United Kingdom. All five crew were rescued by Cape Horn (
United Kingdom) and Ilse.[4][5]
2 January
- Guaruja ( France): Grounded at Punta Polacra, Almeria, Spain and was abandoned by her crew but her chief engineer was lost. She broke in two on 7 January.[6][7][8]
3 January
4 January
- Cuore Di Gesu ( United Kingdom). The brig ran aground at Palermo, Sicily, Italy.[3]
- Tenshodo Maru (
Japan): The coaster ran aground at Shōdoshima.[3]
6 January
- Irene ( Sweden): The auxiliary ship ran aground on a voyage from Ystad to Öland and was a total loss.[7]
11 January
- Hannah (
Netherlands): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 6 nautical miles (11 km) south east of Cape San Antonio, Spain. All crew were rescued.[9]
13 January
- Laganbank ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground in the Haddummatti Atoll, Maldive Islands and was abandoned as a total loss. All crew were rescued by Tweedbank ( United Kingdom).[10][11][12]
- Ringwall ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground at Irvine, Ayrshire and was severely damaged.[10] She was scuttled on 15 January.[13] She was refloated on 19 January.[14]
14 January
- Lyngenfjord ( Norway): Sank off Cape St. Francis, South Africa.[15]
15 January
- Canelos (
Chile): The passenger ship ran aground at Coquimbo and was abandoned as a total loss. All on board were rescued.[12][16] - Corsea ( United Kingdom): The collier collided with Ruahine ( United Kingdom in the River Thames and was beached at Woolwich.[12][17] She was refloated on 17 January.[18]
- Elpiniki (
Greece): The cargo ship ran aground at Cania, Crete.[13] Salvage operations were abandoned on 26 January.[19] - Fermanagh ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground on the Pembrokeshire coast and sank with the loss of one of the nine people on board.[12][17]
17 January
- Glanrhyd ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship foundered in the Irish Sea between Lundy Island and Cardigan Bay with the loss of all seventeen crew.[20] She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire to Manchester, Lancashire.[21]
- Lochshira ( United Kingdom): The coaster foundered in the North Sea off the coast of Ayrshire with the loss of all five crew.[20]
18 January
- Olga L (
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Italy): The sailing ship collided with Excalibur (
United States) at Naples and sank. All crew were rescued.[22] - Le Trait ( France): The cargo ship ran aground at Royan, Charente-Maritime.[22] She was refloated on 1 February.[23]
- Waubic ( United Kingdom): The ship caught fire at Chicago, Illinois, United States and was a constructive total loss.[24]
20 January
- Drague ( France): The dredger capsized at Le Havre, Seine-Maritime.[24]
- Santoy ( United Kingdom): The Thames barge collided with Damsterdijk ( Netherlands) in the Thames Estuary and sank with the loss of both crew.[25]
21 January
- Endymion ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: The coaster was torpedoed and sunk by the Nationalist submarine General Sanjurjo (
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Spanish Navy) south of Cape Tiñoso with the loss of eleven of her fifteen crew.[6][26] - Liberty ( United States): The tug was run down and sunk at Hog Island, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by an unknown vessel. Two crew were rescued.[9]
24 January
- Tokoju Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship was run into by Keifuku Maru ( Japan) at Shimonoseki and sank. All crew were rescued.[27]
25 January
- Richard Borchart (
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Germany): The collier departed from Hamburg on a voyage to Nordenham, Lower Saxony.[28] Two lifebuoys were discovered on Heligoland, Schleswig-Holstein on 4 February.[29] Believed foundered in the North Sea with the loss of all nineteen crew.[28]
28 January
- Newsome ( Norway): The cargo ship ran aground at Courtown Cays (12°30′N 81°30′W / 12.500°N 81.500°W) and was abandoned by her crew, who were rescued by Veragua ( United States).[30]
- Rumore ( United Kingdom): The coaster departed Waterford, Ireland on 27 January bound for Barry, Glamorgan. She passed Passage West, County Cork the next day. No further trace.[31]
31 January
- Alba (
Panama): Ran aground at Porthmeor beach, St Ives, Cornwall. All 24 crew rescued, but five later drowned when the lifeboat, Caroline Parsons (
Royal National Lifeboat Institution) capsized.[32][33] - Ella (
Finland): The auxiliary three-masted schooner ran aground on Spiekeroog, Lower Saxony, Germany and was a total loss. All crew were rescued.[34]
February
1 February
3 February
- Gypsum Prince ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground at Balboa, Spain and was beached.[29] She was refloated the next day.[36]
4 February
- Alcira ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 22 nautical miles (41 km) off Barcelona, Spain by Spanish Nationalist aircraft. All 21 crew survived.[37]
7 February
- Itanage (
Brazil): The cargo ship ran aground in Rio Grande do Sul.[38] She was refloated on 24 February.[39]
8 February
- Ekaterini Peppa ( Greece): The cargo ship collided with Pluto ( Netherlands) in the Baltic Sea off the Adlergrund Lightship ( Germany) and sank. All crew were rescued. Pluto was beached at Tromper Wiek. She was later refloated and towed to Sassnitz, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.[40][41]
10 February
- Aksu (
Turkey): The cargo ship ran aground in the Black Sea off Sinope and was beached.[42] She was refloated on 15 February.[43] - Baoulé ( France): The cargo ship ran aground on Juist, Lower Saxony, Germany. All crew were saved.[44] Refloated on 4 March.[45]
- Lucky ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk at Valencia. Refloated, repaired and put back in service as Castillo Benisano.[6]
11 February
- Gianicolo ( Italy): The cargo ship issued a distress call in the Mediterranean Sea (41°28′N 5°50′E / 41.467°N 5.833°E.[46] Presumed foundered with the loss of all 35 crew.[47]
12 February
- HMS Walrus (
Royal Navy): The destroyer was out of commission and under tow to a shipyard for conversion work with a skeleton crew of four aboard in the North Sea when a powerful storm struck which broke her towline and drove her ashore in Filey Bay near Scarborough, England. All four men aboard survived. Declared constructive total loss, sold 5 March 1938 for scrapping, refloated 29 March 1938, and scrapped October 1938.[48][49]
13 February
- Mitsu Maru No.3 ( Japan): The cargo ship departed from Mizumata bound for Kobe. No further trace. Reported on 18 February as presumed foundered.[50]
14 February
- Tartary ( United Kingdom): The coastal tanker ran aground on Haisboro Sands, Norfolk. Although refloated, she later drifted onto the Barber Sands, broke her back and exploded. All eight people on board were rescued by the Gorleston lifeboat.[51]
- King Edgar ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground on Spurn Head, Yorkshire.[52]
17 February
- Panaghia ( Greece): The cargo ship ran aground at Klippen Point, South Africa and was abandoned by her crew, who were rescued by Clan Macneil ( United Kingdom).[53]
19 February
- H A Walker ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was abandoned in pack ice off Cape St. Francis, Newfoundland. She subsequently caught fire and sank.[54]
- USS Swallow ( United States Navy): The Lapwing-class minesweeper ran aground on Kanaga Island, Alaska. Salvage efforts were abandoned.
20 February
- Zoodochos Pighi ( Greece): The auxiliary sailing ship sank in the Gulf of Corinth off Camari.[55]
21 February
- Benjamin Franklin ( United States): The cargo ship sank at Yonkers, New York.[55]
Unknown date
- Ide ( Norway): The cargo ship foundered in the North Sea whilst on a voyage from Hamburg, Germany to Haugesund, Rogaland, Norway. Six crew were rescued by Corvus ( Norway). They were landed at Stavanger on 14 February.[56]
28 February
- Gotenhof ( Germany): The cargo ship collided with Dionyssios Stathatos ( Greece) in the Kiel Canal and sank.[57]
- Hazel L Myra ( United Kingdom): The schooner caught fire off Bermuda (31°16′N 71°00′W / 31.267°N 71.000°W) and was abandoned.[58]
March
1 March
- Neringa (
Lithuania): The cargo ship ran aground 11 nautical miles (20 km) south of Memel with the loss of three crew.[58] The ship broke in two; salvage attempts were abandoned on 11 March.[59] - Wop ( United Kingdom): The coaster was sprang a leak and was abandoned off St. John's, Newfoundland. All crew survived.[4]
2 March
- Birma ( Sweden): The cargo ship was abandoned in a sinking condition in the Skaggerak 20 nautical miles (37 km) off Hirtshals, Denmark. All crew were rescued by the fishing vessels Java ( Netherlands) and KW 159 (
Denmark).[4][60]
5 March
- Yolande ( France): The cargo ship ran aground at Wei-Hai-Wei, China and was wrecked with the loss of nine of the 66 people on board. Survivors were rescued by HMS Capetown ( Royal Navy).[61]
6 March
- Baleares ( Spanish Navy): Spanish Civil War, Battle of Cape Palos: The Canarias-class cruiser was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea (37°52′18″N 0°52′00″E / 37.87167°N 0.86667°E) by Lepanto (
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Spanish Navy) with the loss of 765 of her 1,206 crew. Some of the survivors were rescued by HMS Boreas and HMS Kempenfelt (both Royal Navy).
8 March
- Tozan Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship ran aground off Uku, Nagasaki (33°20′N 129°10′E / 33.333°N 129.167°E).[61] Salvage efforts were abandoned on 18 March.[62]
9 March
- Locksley ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground on Lindisfarne, Northumberland. All crew were rescued by a fishing vessel.[63]
10 March
- Ena de Larrinaga ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship collided with Aachen ( Germany) off the Hohe Weg Lighthouse, Bremen, Germany. Ena de Larrinaga was beached.[64]
12 March
- Admiral Karpfanger ( Germany): The four-masted barque reported by radio when off Cape Horn, Chile.[65] Wreckage later found on Navarino Island.[66]
- Agnar ( United Kingdom): The coaster, on a voyage from Vohemar, Madagascar to Mauritius reported by radio from the Indian Ocean (16°09′S 52°31′E / 16.150°S 52.517°E). No further trace, presumed foundered with loss of all crew.[67]
14 March
- Algo ( Norway): The cargo ship ran aground at Lista, Vest-Agder and sank.[68]
- Anglo Australian ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship passed the Azores, Portugal on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to British Columbia, Canada. No further trace, presumed foundered.[69]
19 March
- Claus Böge ( Germany): The cargo ship suffered an on-board explosion and sank 20 nautical miles (37 km) north west of the Horns-Rev Lightship ( Denmark) with the loss of her captain. The crew were rescued by Sverre Norgaard ( Sweden).[70][71] The explosion was caused by two bombs which had been placed in her forward cargo holds by Norwegian dock workers who were members of the anti-fascist Wollweber League, while the ship was docked in Oslo, Norway.[71]
20 March
- City of Buffalo ( United States): The passenger ship caught fire and sank at Cleveland, Ohio.[70]
24 March
- Chagford ( United Kingdom): The coaster collided with Black Osprey ( United States) in the English Channel off St. Catherine's Point, Isle of Wight and sank with the loss of three of her seven crew. Survivors were rescued by Black Osprey.[72]
- Peter Hawksfield ( United Kingdom): The coaster collided with Wairangi ( United Kingdom) in the English Channel off Kingsdown, Kent and sank. All thirteen crew were rescued by Wairangi.[72]
- Whitemantle ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship collided with Harraton ( United Kingdom) in the North Sea off the Shipwash Sands and was beached.[73] She was later refloated with assistance from a tug.[74]
25 March
- Asahi Maru (
Imperial Japanese Navy): The hospital ship flooded and sank in Dry Dock at the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Shipyard in Kobe during a hull inspection. She was refloated out of the Dry Dock 3 May. Repairs were completed 9 June and she returned to service.[75]
30 March
- Lena ( Greece): Spanish Civil War, torpedoed by the Nationalist submarine General Mola (
Spain) off Barcelona, where she sunk in shallow waters. Refloated, repaired and put again in service as Castillo Moncada.[6]
31 March
- Baud ( Netherlands): The cargo ship ran aground in the Kei Islands, Netherlands East Indies and was wrecked.[76]
- Taxiarchis ( Greece): The auxiliary sailing ship foundered in the Saronic Gulf off Aegina.[76]
April
1 April
- Abeille No.10 ( France): The tug was in collision with Mosli ( Norway) at Le Havre, Seine-Maritime and sank with the loss of six of her nine crew.[77][78]
2 April
- City of Norwich ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground on Perim, North Yemen.[79] She was refloated on 11 April.[80]
- Flying Spray ( United Kingdom): The tug was struck by the propeller of Cumberland ( United Kingdom) at Stobcross Quay, Glasgow, Renfrewshire and sank.[81] She was refloated on 16 April and drydocked for repairs.[82]
- Tongking ( Denmark): The cargo ship caught fire and was beached 7 nautical miles (13 km) north of Penang, Malay. She was declared a total loss.[83]
3 April
- Carnaro ( Italy): The cargo liner ran aground on the Karam Masamahru Islet in the Red Sea and sank. All on board were rescued by Somalia ( Italy).[83]
- Rokta ( Norway): The coaster ran aground off Christiansund, Møre og Romsdal with the loss of two of her ten crew. Two fishermen were drowned attempting to rescue the crew of Rokta.[84] She sank on 5 April.[85]
4 April
- Meining (
China): The tanker collided with Donluis (flag unknown) in Wenchow Harbour and sank.[85] - Pegaway ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship foundered in the North Sea 30 nautical miles (56 km) off Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands. The crew were rescued by Wilhelm Gustloff ( Germany).[83]
6 April
- J O Minx ( United Kingdom): The schooner foundered in the Windward Passage off Cape Maisí, Cuba.[86]
7 April
- Frontier II ( United Kingdom): The coaster ran aground in the Qora River, South Africa and was a total loss.[69]
8 April
- Maksala ( Germany): The cargo ship collided in foggy weather with Tafna ( United Kingdom in the Bay of Biscay 20 nautical miles (37 km) north north east of Ouessant, Finistère, France and sank. All crew were rescued by Tafna.[87][88]
9 April
- Mount Kyllene ( Greece): The cargo ship exploded and broke in two in the Atlantic Ocean (41°30′N 28°00′W / 41.500°N 28.000°W). Crew rescued by American Merchant ( United States, Inverice ( United Kingdom) and Kaia Knudsen ( Norway).[89]
10 April
- Sleipner ( Denmark): The tug capsized and sank at Copenhagen whilst assisting Mormacsea ( United States. Two crew were lost.[89]
11 April
- Perla ( Italy): The passenger ship ran aground off Cape Cross, German South-West Africa. She was refloated but was leaking and was beached in Walvis Bay.[80]
13 April
- Lake Osweya ( United States): The Design 1020 cargo ship collided with San Mateo ( United States) off Jacksonville, Florida and was beached.[90]
- Petrel ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship collided with Hartlepool ( United Kingdom) in the River Thames and was beached at Hornchurch, Essex.[90] She was refloated the next day.[91]
- Sud VI ( Germany): The whaler struck a rock and sank off Gundo Point, Gran Canaria, Canary Isles, Portugal with the loss of one of her crew.[90]
21 April
- Ora 2 ( Norway): The sealer was crushed in pack ice and sank 150 nautical miles (280 km) north east of St. John's, Newfoundland. All crew were rescued by Eagle ( United Kingdom).[92]
22 April
- City of Salisbury ( United Kingdom): The cargo liner ran aground in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, United States. She broke in two on 23 April, with the bow section sinking. All cargo salvaged and crew saved.[93]
26 April
- Malamton ( United States): The cargo ship ran aground at Block Island, Rhode Island in fog.[94] She was refloated on 7 May and found to be severely damaged.[95]
29 April
- España No.3 ( Spain): The cargo ship ran aground at Sète, Hérault, France.[96] Refloated on 2 May.[97]
- Fjeldøy ( Norway): The cargo ship capsized and sank in the Kattegat 10 nautical miles (19 km) north west of the Skaw Lightship ( Denmark). The crew were rescued by a fishing vessel.[98]
30 April
May
1 May
2 May
- Nasmyth ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground south of Areynaga Bay, Gran Canaria, Canary Isles, Spain.[100] She was refloated on 7 May.[101]
4 May
- Eli ( Norway): The cargo ship ran aground on Destacado Island (12°30′N 124°10′E / 12.500°N 124.167°E).[99] She was refloated on 11 May.[102]
- Lafayette ( France): The ocean liner caught fire at Le Havre, Seine-Maritime and was a total loss. She was consequently scrapped at Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands.[103]
5 May
- Port St. John ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground on a reef off Lady Elliot Island, Australia and was beached.[104] She was refloated on 13 May.[105]
- Ryoshu Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship struck a rock and sank off Kii Ōshima.[104]
8 May
10 May
- Collico ( Chile): The cargo ship collided with Don Alberto ( Chile) 18 nautical miles (33 km) north of Quiriquina Island and sank. All crew were rescued.[107]
15 May
- Albania ( Sweden): The cargo ship collided with Varhaug ( Norway) off Gothenburg and sank. All crew were rescued.[108]
16 May
- Manharton ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground at Mobile, Alabama, United States.[109] Salvage was abandoned on 23 May and she was declared a total loss.[110]
18 May
- Iselgarth ( United Kingdom): The tug ran aground and capsized at Barry, Glamorgan.[111]
19 May
- Andenes ( Norway): The cargo ship was hit amidships at Stavanger, Rogaland by Leda and sank.[112]
- Foca ( Chile): The cargo ship capsized and sank off Chiloé Island with the loss of all nineteen crew.[112]
22 May
- Harmanteh ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground on Zealous Island, Messier Channel, Chile and was abandoned by her crew.[113] Salvage efforts were abandoned on 6 June.[114]
25 May
- Thorpehall ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk off Valencia.[6]
27 May
- Fairplay V ( Germany): The tug capsized and sank at Hamburg whilst towing Hohenfels ( Germany) with the loss of two crew.[115]
- Nausicaa ( Panama): Spanish Civil War: The tanker was bombed and caught fire in the Mediterranean Sea (39°10′N 4°20′E / 39.167°N 4.333°E) and was abandoned by her crew, who were rescued by Securinas ( Italy). She sank south of Minorca.[6][115][116][117]
- Triton (
Kriegsmarine): The minelayer capsized and sank at Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein with the loss of four of her 30 crew.[118]
28 May
- Greatend ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed at Valencia. Refloated, repaired and put back in service as Castillo Noreña.[6]
29 May
- Mandalay ( United States): The passenger ship collided with Acadia ( United States in Lower New York Bay and sank. All 325 people on board were rescued by Acadia.[119]
30 May
- Belfast Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship ran aground at the mouth of the Yangtze River. She sank on 9 June and salvage efforts were abandoned.[120]
- El Djem ( France): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk off El Grau, Valencia.[6]
Unknown date
June
1 June
- Evanghelistria ( Greece): The auxiliary sailing vessel caught fire and sank in the Salamis Strait.[122]
2 June
- Mar Baltico ( Spain): The cargo ship collided with Baltara ( United Kingdom) in the North Sea off Brunsbüttel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany and sank.[123]
- Mumara ( United Kingdom): The Thames barge sank off Walton-on-the-Naze, Essex.[124]
3 June
- Malaga ( Spain): The cargo ship struck a rock and sank at Cabo de Quejo, Cantabria and sank. All crew were rescued.[125]
- Maryad ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: The tanker was bombed and set of fire at Alicante.[126]
7 June
- Parklaan ( Netherlands): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and severely damaged at Alicante, Spain.[69][127]
9 June
- Isadora ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk at Castellón. Refloated, repaired and put back in service as Castillo Frías.[6]
- Ocean Cock ( United Kingdom): The tug collided with Port Nicholson ( United Kingdom) in the River Thames at Gravesend, Kent and sank with the loss of four lives.[128] She was raised on 11 June.[129]
10 June
- Thorpeheaven ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk at Alicante. Refloated, repaired and put back in service as Castillo Guadalest.[6]
11 June
- Rudolf ( Finland): The cargo ship sank in the Baltic Sea off the Ovishi Lighthouse, Ventspils, Latvia.[130]
15 June
- Cap Bear ( France): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk at Valencia.[6]
21 June
- Thorpeness ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk off Valencia by a Nationalist aircraft.[6][131]
- Sunion ( Greece): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk off Valencia by a Nationalist aircraft.[131][132]
22 June
- Aghia Varvara ( Greece): The cargo ship ran aground 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) south of Ouessant, Finistère, France and sank. All crew were rescued.[133]
27 June
- Arlon ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: The tanker bombed and set ablaze at Valencia harbour with the loss of one crew member. She was towed to open seas and sank.[6][134]
- Farnham ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk at Villajoyosa with the loss of two lives. She was refloated in 1940, repaired and put back in service as Castillo Montiel.[6][134]
- Ming Lai ( China): The cargo ship caught fire and sank at Chungking.[135]
28 June
- Manicouagan (
Canada): The ship caught fire off Port Paradis, Quebec and burnt down to the waterline. The hulk was towed to Pointe-Lebel, Quebec.[136]
29 June
- Rhode Island ( United Kingdom): The schooner sank in the Caribbean Sea.[136]
Unknown date
- Bretanha (
Portugal): The schooner foundered in the Atlantic Ocean. Forty-one crew were rescued by Dao ( Portugal) and landed at Horta, Azores on 4 June.[126] - Gaulois ( France): Spanish Civil War: The trawler was bombed and sunk at Valencia, Spain. The crew were landed at Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône, France on 21 June by Lingfield ( United Kingdom).[137]
- Suchan (
Soviet Union): The cargo ship foundered in the La Perouse Strait "a few days" before 21 June.[137]
July
2 July
- Ainderby ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship collided with Westwood ( United Kingdom in the River Tyne at Pelaw, Northumberland and sank.[138] She was refloated on 5 July.[139]
- Ascania ( United Kingdom): The ocean liner ran aground in the St. Lawrence River, near Bic Island, Quebec, Canada. All 400 passengers were rescued by Beaverford ( United Kingdom).[140] Later refloated, repaired and returned to service.
- Cali ( Chile): The passenger ship ran aground at Caldera. She capsized and was abandoned as a total loss.[138][139]
5 July
9 July
- Fogota ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship caught fire at St. John's, Newfoundland and burnt to the waterline. All crew were rescued.[141]
11 July
- Nellie T Walters ( United Kingdom): The schooner ran aground at Point Lance, Newfoundland and was a total loss.[142][143]
13 July
- Luceric ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground in the Hooghly River and broke her back. She was abandoned as a total loss.[143]
23 July
- Anvers (
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Belgium): The cargo ship collided with Planet ( Germany) in the Paraná River and was beached at Rosario, Argentina.[144] She was refloatedon 31 July, repaired and returned to service.[145]
25 July
- Iwatesan Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship ran aground at Kaihyo To, Sakhalin, Soviet Union.[146]
- Eva (
Estonia): The cargo ship sank in Pärnu Bay.[147] - Nikos T ( Greece): The cargo ship caught fire at Santos and was beached.[148] She was refloated on 8 August.[149]
26 July
- Dellwin ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and damaged at Gandia, Spain. She sank in the early hours of 27 July.[150]
- Shinfu ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship caught fire at Foochow, China and was beached.[151]
- Triton ( United Kingdom): The tug capsized and sank at Porlock, Somerset. All crew survived.[152]
29 July
- Notre Dame de St. Jouan ( France): The schooner caught fire 10 nautical miles (19 km) off Cape Pine, Newfoundland and was abandoned by her crew.[153]
August
1 August
- Hino Maru No.2 ( Japan): The cargo ship was driven ashore in the Enshu Gulf (34°35′N 137°03′E / 34.583°N 137.050°E).[145] She was refloated on 22 August.[154]
2 August
- Massaua ( Italy): The cargo ship ran aground on the Abu Faramish Reef in the Red Sea off Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.[155] She was refloated on 15 September.[156]
6 August
- Lake Lugano ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk off Palamos by Nationalist aircraft.[6][157]
7 August
12 August
- Norman Queen ( United Kingdom): Ran aground at Flat Holm but was later refloated.[159]
13 August
- Edith ( Denmark): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk off the Balearic Islands.[6]
14 August
- Artois ( France): Spanish Civil War: The coaster struck a mine and sank 35 nautical miles (65 km) south east of Gibraltar (35°49′N 4°42′W / 35.817°N 4.700°W). All 14 crew rescued by Theresia L M Russ ( Germany).[160][161]
15 August
- Hansa ( Germany): The passenger ship collided with Tungwo ( United Kingdom) in the Yangtze Estuary and sank with the loss of about 100 lives. Around 30 people were rescued. HMS Scarab ( Royal Navy) assisted in the rescue.[162]
19 August
- Cape Pine ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground at Danzig Cove, Newfoundland. She was reported as "likely to be a total loss".[163]
20 August
- Girasol ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean (52°02′N 5°21′W / 52.033°N 5.350°W) after her cargo shifted. All eleven crew were rescued by Aguila and Shula (both United Kingdom). The abandoned Girasol was taken in tow by the Lowestoft trawler Mare and towed into Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire.[163]
23 August
- Imprenable (
Marine Nationale): The Embuscade-class floating battery was rammed and sunk at Cherbourg, Charente-Maritime by a Swedish tanker.[164]
25 August
- Mallard ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship collided with Sidney M. Hauptman ( United States) at Baltimore, Maryland and was beached.[165]
26 August
- Sebaa ( France): The cargo ship collided with Ploubazalnec ( France) at Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône and was beached in a severely damaged state.[166]
- Woolgar ( Norway): The cargo ship ran aground at Shiriyasaki, Japan (41°21′N 141°28′E / 41.350°N 141.467°E).[167][168] She was refloated on 13 September.[169]
28 August
- Fermia ( Sweden): The cargo ship ran aground at Cape Nosappu, Japan.[170] She broke in two on 14 September and was declared a total loss.[171]
31 August
- Chatham ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship caught fire at Ward Cove, Alaska, United States and was beached.[172]
September
1 September
- Snow White ( Panama): The auxiliary three-masted schooner ran aground in the North Sea on the Haaksgrounds, off the Dutch coast and was a total loss. All crew were rescued by Amsterdam ( Netherlands).[173]
- Haguro Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Yokosuka in a typhoon.[174] She was refloated on 11 September.[175]
- Kairyu Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Kawasaki in a typhoon.[174]
- Kiri Maru ( Japan): The coaster was driven ashore aon the Saratoga Spit in a typhoon.[176]
- Shoyei Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship ran aground on Sakhalin, Soviet Union in foggy weather.[176]
- Sorachi Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Jōgashima in a typhoon and broke in two.[174]
5 September
- Araucania ( Chile): The coaster struck a rock and sank at Quintero Point.[177]
7 September
- Italia Prince ( United Kingdom): The passenger ship caught fire in the Bay of Biscay and was abandoned. All 45 people on board were rescued by Atlantide ( Italy and Capitaine Augustin ( France).[178]
9 September
- Elg ( Norway): The cargo ship ran aground in San Luis Obispo Bay, California, United States. She was refloated on 13 September.[179]
- Gokenzan Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship ran aground at Amwawan, Sakhalin, Soviet Union.[180]
- Nora ( United Kingdom): The tug foundered in the Mediterranean Sea north of Tabarka, Tunisia.[181]
11 September
- Abava (
Latvia): The cargo ship collided with British Tommy ( United Kingdom) and was beached on Bolland Island, Denmark.
12 September
- Frances L. Spindler ( United Kingdom): The auxiliary schooner was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland. All crew survived and landed at Farmyard, Labrador, Canada.[182]
13 September
- St. Clair Therault ( United Kingdom): The schooner ran aground in the River Moy at Ballina, County Mayo, Ireland.[182] She was refloated on 25 September.[183]
14 September
- Nippon ( Sweden): The cargo ship collided with Aisne ( France) in the North Sea off the Wandelaar Lightship ( Belgium) and sank. All crew were rescued.[179]
16 September
- Matsuura Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship struck a sunken wreck and sank at the mouth of the Yangtze River, China with the loss of nineteen crew.[184][185]
17 September
- Dorothy Wintermote ( United States): The cargo ship ran aground at Point Arena, California. Although refloated and taken in tow on 21 September, she foundered. All crew were rescued.[186]
- Karin ( Sweden): The auxiliary four-masted schooner caught fire at Oregrund and was scuttled to extinguish the fire.[185]
19 September
- Camelita ( United Kingdom): The schooner was wrecked at Montserrat.[187]
- Elvin ( Norway): The cargo ship sprang a leak and sank in the North Sea. All crew were rescued.[188]
21 September
- Havmann ( Norway): The cargo ship reported that she was west of Ireland. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[189]
- A pinnace attached to HMS Vernon ( Royal Navy) was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel off Weymouth, Dorset by HMS Undine ( Royal Navy). All seven crew were rescued by a Royal Navy destroyer.[190]
22 September
- Cricket ( United States: The tug sank at New London, Connecticut in a hurricane.[191]
- Phoenix ( United States): The tanker became stranded in a hurricane at Fall River, Massachusetts, United States.[191] She was refloated on 25 November.[192]
- Washingtonian ( United States): The ship collided with USS Henley ( United States Navy) in San Diego Harbor, California. Both vessels were severely damaged.[193]
23 September
- Sydney Star ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship collided with a coaster in Sydney Harbour, New South Wales, Australia and was beached. She was refloated on 26 September.[183][193]
24 September
- Corinthia ( United Kingdom): The schooner ran aground in the Essequibo River, British Guiana and was a total loss.[194]
- Dux (
Iceland): The cargo ship sprang a leak and foundered in the Baltic Sea off Öland, Sweden.[194]
26 September
- Mohawk ( United States): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Fall River, Massachusetts in a hurricane.[195]
- Monhegan ( United States): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Fall River in a hurricane.[195]
- Pequonnock ( United States): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Fall River in a hurricane.[195]
- Prudence ( United States): The tug was driven ashore at Fall River in a hurricane.[195]
- Westport ( United States): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Fall River in a hurricane.[195]
27 September
- Greenwood ( United Kingdom): The schooner foundered in the Atlantic Ocean off Miquelon. All crew were rescued.[195]
- Kia Wo ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground at Chungkiang, China.[195] She was refloated on 19 May 1939.[196]
28 September
- Mary Barrow ( United Kingdom): The schooner was wrecked in the Irish Sea off the Calf of Man.[197][198]
- Tregastel ( France): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Cadaqués, Spain in a storm and was a total loss.[6][199]
29 September
- Dayavati ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground on Darya Bahadurgarh Island, Mysore and was a total loss.[200]
30 September
- Lavi ( Portugal): The cargo ship foundered in the Atlantic Ocean 25 nautical miles (46 km) off Ponta Delgada, Azores. All crew were rescued.[200]
October
1 October
- Gastelu ( Spain): The cargo ship sprang a leak and foundered in the Bay of Biscay (46°25′N 7°15′W / 46.417°N 7.250°W). The crew were rescued by British Aviator ( United Kingdom).[201][202]
2 October
- Ben Seyr ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship departed Ramsey, Isle of Man bound for Cardiff, Glamorgan and was not seen again, presumed to have foundered.[203]
3 October
- Gothic ( United Kingdom: Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed, set on fire and severely damaged at Barcelona. Later salvaged, repaired and returned to service.[204][205]
- Thorpe Bay ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: Bombed, set on fire and severely damaged at Barcelona.[204][205]
4 October
- Plus ( Norway): The auxiliary schooner ran aground in the Kattegat at Hirsholmene, Denmark and was a total loss.[206][207]
- Regina ( Netherlands): The coaster ran aground on Sker Sands, off Porthcawl, Glamorgan. She was refloated on 8 November.[208]
6 October
- E. J. Bullock ( United States): The tanker exploded and sank in the Caribbean Sea 30 nautical miles (56 km) south west of Dry Tortuga with the loss of two of her 36 crew. Survivors were rescued by O. M. Bernuth ( United States).[209][210]
8 October
- Kyle Prince ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was abandoned in the Irish Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) off Rhosneigr, Anglesey. All crew were rescued by the Holyhead lifeboat. Kyle Prince came ashore at Cable Bay, Holyhead and was a total loss.[207]
13 October
- Yorkbrook ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk at Barcelona, refloated repaired and put back in service as Castillo Monteagudo.[6]
15 October
- Marjorie ( United Kingdom): The coaster foundered in the Irish Sea off St. John's Point, County Antrim. The crew were rescued by Donaghmore ( United Kingdom).[211]
18 October
- T.T.H. ( United Kingdom): The Thames barge sank at Brightlingsea, Essex. Her crew were rescued by the motor barge Piper II ( United Kingdom).[212]
19 October
- Annie Byford ( United Kingdom): The Thames barge collided with another vessel in the River Thames at Erith, Kent and sank.[213]
20 October
- Chasseur 91 ( Marine Nationale): Spanish Civil War, bombed and sunk by Spanish Nationalist aircraft at Fornells.[6]
21 October
- Bims ( Norway): The cargo ship sprang a leak and was abandoned in the Baltic Sea off Hiiumaa, Estonia. The crew were rescued by Turksib ( Soviet Union).[214]
- Toten Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Tateyama in a typhoon.[214] She was refloated on 10 November.[215]
22 October
- Hsin Taiping ( China): The cargo ship came ashore at Oshima, Japan in a typhoon.[214] She was declared a total loss.[216]
23 October
- La Morinie ( France): The tug sank at Boulogne, Pas-de-Calais whilst towing Matra ( United Kingdom).[217]
24 October
Zhongshan (restored)
- Gunboat Zhongshan (
Chinese Navy): sunk by Japanese aviation during the Battle of Wuhan. The boat was lifted from the bottom of the Yangtze in 1997, restored, and is now exhibited in a purpose-built museum.
26 October
- Chryssi ( Greece): The cargo ship collided in the River Maas at Poortershaven, Netherlands with Maria Cristina ( Portugal) and sank. Maria Cristina was a total loss.[218]
27 October
- Hillfern ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship ran aground off the Cap Couronne Lighthouse, Bouches-du-Rhône, France.[216] She was refloated on 26 November.[219]
29 October
- Taiko Maru ( Japan): The cargo ship ran aground at Tsumiki. She was refloated but found to be leaking and was consequently beached.[220]
30 October
- Lynaes ( Denmark): The cargo ship ran aground at Klitmøller.[220] She was refloated on 7 November and taken in tow by Garm ( Denmark) but foundered 7 nautical miles (13 km) east of Hirtshals.[221]
Unknown date
- Lena A (flag unknown): The ship was lost off Parker's Cove, Nova Scotia, Canada.[222]
- Mineral ( Germany): The coaster passed Brunsbüttel, Schleswig-Holstein on 1 October bound for Antwerp, Belgium. No further trace, presumed foundered.[214]
November
2 November
- Antje Oltmann ( Germany): The coaster capsized and sank in the Elbe.[223]
- Cantabria ( Spain): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the North Sea off Cromer, Norfolk, United Kingdom (53°01′58″N 1°31′57″E / 53.03278°N 1.53250°E) by the auxiliary cruiser Nadir ( Spanish Navy) with the loss of at least one of the 45 people on board. Survivors were rescued by H F Bailey ( Royal National Lifeboat Institution), Pattersonian ( United Kingdom) and Nadir.
4 November
- Istria ( Italy): The sailing ship collided with Meteor ( Italy) at Lido di Venezia, Venice and sank.[224]
- La Corse ( France): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk off Cape Matara, She was refloated, repaired and returned to service as Castillo Jarandilla.[6]
- Stanburgh ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship exploded and caught fire at Sète, Hérault, France whilst loading a cargo of petrol. She was moved away from the port and beached; declared a total loss.[224][225][226]
6 November
- Eleni ( United Kingdom): The coaster was bombed and sunk at Águilas, Murcia, Spain. All fourteen crew survived.[227][228] Later raised, repaired and returned to service as Castillo Vera.[229]
9 November
- Delphoi ( Greece): The cargo ship was driven ashore at Chekka, Syria. She was refloated on 14 November.[230]
14 November
- Ben May ( United Kingdom): The coaster sank off the Mull of Galloway. All three crew were rescued.[203][231]
- Kyodu Maru No.16 ( Japan): The cargo liner caught fire in the East China Sea (approximately 36°N 122°E / 36°N 122°E) and was abandoned. All passengers and crew were rescued by Toyoura Maru ( Japan). Kyodu Maru No.16 was towed into Tsingtao, China.[215][232]
- Retriever ( Sweden): The auxiliary sailing ship came ashore at Karlshamn and was a total loss. All crew were rescued.[233]
15 November
- RFA Bacchus II (
Royal Fleet Auxiliary): The stores ship was sunk as a target in the English Channel 10 nautical miles (19 km) north of Alderney, Channel Islands by HMS Dunedin ( Royal Navy).
17 November
- Walborg ( Netherlands): The cargo ship ran aground at Bayonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France and was a total loss.[234]
18 November
- Lina ( United Kingdom): The Thames barge collided with Henry Tegner ( Denmark) in the River Thames at Greenwich and sank.[232]
19 November
- Guernica ( Spain): The cargo ship ran aground at Gothenburg, Sweden. All crew were rescued. The vessel was reported as likely to be a total loss.[235]
21 November
- Soya Maru ( Japan): The passenger ship ran aground at Wakanai.[228] She was refloated on 10 December.[236]
22 November
- Mary ( Sweden): The auxiliary three-masted schooner sank off Cimbrishamn. All crew were rescued.[237]
23 November
- Astrild ( United Kingdom): The Thames barge came ashore on the Suffolk coast in a gale. The crew were rescued by the Aldeburgh lifeboat. Astrild then drifted out to sea and was later towed into Scheveningen, South Holland, Netherlands by a Dutch lugger.[238]
- City of Benton Harbor ( United States): The cargo ship was destroyed by fire at Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin whilst laid up.[219]
- Ideal ( France): The auxiliary schooner ran aground at Llantwit Major, Glamorgan and was wrecked with the loss of one of her four crew.[159][239]
- Lochranza Castle ( United Kingdom): The auxiliary schooner ran aground and sank in Liverpool Bay. All four crew were rescued by the New Brighton lifeboat.[240]
- Nora ( United Kingdom): The coaster ran aground and sank north of the Corsewall Lighthouse, Dumfries-shire. Five crew were rescued by Jennie Spiers ( Royal National Lifeboat Institution).[240]
24 November
- Lenna ( Estonia): The cargo ship capsized and sank in the North Sea (53°50′N 6°19′E / 53.833°N 6.317°E). Nineteen crew were rescued by Pionier ( Germany).[192]
26 November
- Nandi ( Norway): The cargo ship came ashore on the west coast of Prince Edward Island, Canada.[219] Salvage efforts were abandoned "until spring" in December 1938. All crew were rescued.[241]
27 November
- Ideal ( France: The schooner was wrecked at Colhugh Point, Glamorgan, United Kingdom with the loss of one of her five crew. She was on a voyage from Swansea, Glamorgan to Dahouët, Côtes-du-Nord.[21]
28 November
- Monica R Walters ( United Kingdom): The auxiliary schooner came ashore at Black Island, Labrador, Canada.[242]
29 November
- Candleston Castle ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was driven ashore 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) east of Oran, Algeria and was abandoned.[243] She was refloated on 31 December.[244]
Unknown date
- M-91 (
Soviet Union): The submarine sank whilst on trials.[245]
December
1 December
- Allen F. Rose ( Canada): The schooner caught fire in the Atlantic Ocean (49°40′N 47°57′W / 49.667°N 47.950°W) and was abandoned. Her crew were rescued by Mormacsun ( United States).[243]
3 December
4 December
- Akte ( Greece): Collided with La Plata ( Germany) in the Bay of Biscay (47°40′N 6°20′W / 47.667°N 6.333°W) and sank with the loss of seventeen lives. At least fifteen survivors were rescued by La Plata.[132][247][248]
5 December
- Arturo ( Brazil): The cargo ship sank in the River Nechi.[249]
- Tczew (
.svg.png)
Poland): The cargo ship capsized and sank at Danzig with the loss of two lives.[241]
8 December
- Beme ( Panama): The tanker collided with Glorgio ( Italy) in the Bosporus and was beached.[250] She was refloated on 14 December.[251]
11 December
Patterson.
- Patterson ( United States): The cargo ship ran aground at Cape Fairweather, Alaska and was wrecked with the loss of two of her twenty crew.
13 December
- Kodan ( Denmark): The auxiliary sailing vessel ran aground south of Bergqvara and was a total loss.[252]
- Sac 6 ( Spain): The cargo ship ran aground at Narbonne, Aude, France and broke in two. She was declared a total loss. All crew were rescued.[251]
17 December
- Jeanne M ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship collided with Varmdo ( Sweden) in the Øresund and sank. All crew were rescued.[253][254]
18 December
- Le Phoque ( Belgium): The cargo ship was severely damaged in a collision with Bennekom ( Netherlands) at Antwerp. Not repaired, she was sold for scrap in June 1939.[255]
19 December
- Cabedello ( Brazil): The cargo ship ran aground at Rio Grande do Norte. She was refloated on or about 8 January 1939.[256]
- Fieldwood ( United Kingdom): The schooner sprang a leak in the Atlantic Ocean and was abandoned at 42°23′N 8°45′W / 42.383°N 8.750°W). All seven crew were rescued by American Farmer ( United States).[257]
- Stockholm ( Sweden): The ocean liner was destroyed by fire at Monfalcone, Italy. Declared a total loss, she was later scrapped.
20 December
- M. E. Johnson ( United Kingdom): The auxiliary schooner sank off Rosslare Harbour, County Wexford, Ireland.[257]
- Tonecas ( Portugal): The ferry collided in the Tagus with the dredger Finalmaria ( Portugal) and sank with heavy loss of life.[257]
22 December
- Clara ( Belgium): The cargo shp ran aground at Stubbekøbing, Denmark.[258] She was refloated on 1 January 1939.[244]
- Mahone ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship caught fire at Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada and was a total loss.[258]
- Taillefer ( France): The cargo ship ran aground east of Cherbourg, Seine-Maritime.[258]
23 December
- Atlantide ( Italy): The cargo ship ran aground in the Scheldt at Bath, Zeeland, Netherlands. She broke in two and was declared a total loss.[259]
- Smaragd ( United Kingdom): The tanker foundered in the Atlantic Ocean 600 nautical miles (1,100 km) east south east of the Ambrose Lighthouse. All 22 people on board were rescued by Schodack ( United States).[260]
26 December
- Nonguen ( Chile): The tug was under tow in the Atlantic Ocean when the tow had to be cut and she subsequently sank off Valparaiso.[261]
27 December
- Stancrott ( United Kingdom): Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk at Barcelona by Nationalist aircraft.[262]
31 December
- Rahaf (
Palestine): The auxiliary sailing vessel ran aground at Famagusta, Cyprus and was a total loss.[244]
Unknown date
- Aqueity ( United Kingdom): The coaster was driven ashore at Nayland Rock, Margate.[263]
- Thorgaut ( Norway): The chaser collided with Thorshammer ( Norway) and sank.[249]
Unknown date
- Campomanes ( Spain): Spanish Civil War:The tanker arrived at Valencia during May 1938. She was subsequently bombed and sunk.[168]
References
- ↑ "Belgian Merchant A-G". Belgische Koopvaardij. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 4 January 1938. (47883), col E, p. 22.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 5 January 1938. (47884), col F, p. 16.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "French sailing vessel sunk" The Times (London). Monday, 3 January 1938. (47882), col D, p. 9.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 3 January 1938. (17882), col D-E, p. 19.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 González Etchegaray,Rafael (1977). La Marina Mercante y el tráfico marítimo en la Guerra Civil. Ed. San Martín, Appendix two. ISBN 84-7140-150-9 (Spanish)
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 7 January 1938. (47886), col E, p. 4.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 8 January 1938. (47887), col F, p. 3.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 22 January 1938. (47899), col F, p. 19.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 14 January 1938. (47892), col F, p. 8.
- ↑ "Marine Insurance" The Times (London). Saturday, 15 January 1938. (47893), col F, p. 21.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 "Chilean steamer wrecked" The Times (London). Monday, 17 January 1938. (47894), col C-D, p. 23.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 17 January 1938. (47894), col C-D, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 20 January 1938. (47897), col G, p. 8.
- ↑ "'LYNGENFJORD' a ship which ran aground.". Genealogy World. Retrieved 14 July 2009.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 18 January 1938. (47895), col G, p. 21.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Country swept by storm" The Times (London). Monday, 17 January 1938. (17894), col E, p. 12.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 18 January 1938. (47895), col G, p. 21.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 27 January 1938. (47903), col E, p. 22.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Feared loss of 22 seamen" The Times (London). Tuesday, 18 January 1938. (47895), col E, p. 12.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Tovey, Ron. "A Chronology of Bristol Channel Shipwrecks". Swansea Docks. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 19 January 1938. (47896), col F, p. 6.
- ↑ "Le Trait refloated" The Times (London). Thursday, 3 February 1938. (47909), col F, p. 17.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 21 January 1938. (47898), col C, p. 24.
- ↑ "Thames Barge sunk in collision" The Times (London). Friday, 21 January 1938. (47898), col F, p. 9.
- ↑ "British vessel torpedoed" The Times (London). Tuesday, 1 February 1938. (47907), col C, p. 14.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 25 January 1938. (47901), col C-D, p. 5.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 "German collier lost in North Sea" The Times (London). Monday, 13 February 1938. (47912), col D, p. 13.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 5 February 1938. (47911), col G, p. 21.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 31 January 1938. (47906), col C, p. 23.
- ↑ "Missing vessels" The Times (London). Thursday, 24 February 1938. (47927), col D, p. 24.
- ↑ "When The Boat Goes Out". Spooky St. Ives. Retrieved 16 March 2008.
- ↑ "Wreck of the Alba". Tate St Ives. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 1 February 1938. (47907), col E-F, p. 8.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 2 February 1938. col F, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 7 February 1938. (47912), col D, p. 25.
- ↑ "British ship sunk" The Times (London). Saturday, 5 February 1938. (47911), col D, p. 12.
- ↑ "Brazilian motor-vessel ashore" The Times (London). Tuesday, 8 February. (47913), col E, p. 20.
- ↑ "Itanage refloated" The Times (London). Saturday, 26 February 1938. (47929), col G, p. 21.
- ↑ "Collision in the Baltic" The Times (London). Wednesday, 9 February 1938. (47914), col F, p. 18.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 9 February 1938. (47914), col F, p. 18.
- ↑ "Casualty reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 12 February 1938. (47917), col F, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 16 February 1938. (47920), col D, p. 24.
- ↑ "North Sea Gale" The Times (London). Saturday, 12 February 1938. (47917), col C, p. 11.
- ↑ "The Baoule refloated" The Times (London). Saturday, 5 March 1938. (47935), col G, p. 18.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 14 February 1938. (47918), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ "Telegrams in Brief" The Times (London). Thursday, 17 February 1938. (47921), col G, p. 13.
- ↑ Preston, Anthony, V and W class Destroyers 1917-1945, London: MacDonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd, 1971, pp. 57-58.
- ↑ Teesmouth LifeboatSupporters Association: Services of The J.W. Archer at Teesmouth Lifeboat Station
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 18 February 1938. (47922), col F, p. 20.
- ↑ "Stranded tanker explodes" The Times (London). Tuesday, 15 February 1938. (47919), col D, p. 14.
- ↑ "Another ship aground" The Times (London). Tuesday, 15 February 1938. (47919), col D, p. 14.
- ↑ "Greek steamer wrecked" The Times (London). Friday, 18 February 1938. (47922), col F, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 21 February 1938. (47924), col F, p. 22.
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 22 February 1938. (47925), col A, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 15 February 1938. (47919), col F, p. 10.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 1 March 1938. (47931), col C, p. 27.
- ↑ 58.0 58.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 2 March 1938. (47932), col G, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 14 March 1938. (47942), col D, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 4 March 1938. (47934), col D, p. 26.
- ↑ 61.0 61.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 9 March 1938. (47938), col B, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 19 March 1938. (47947), col F, p. 18.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 10 March 1938. (47939), col E, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 11 March 1938. (47940), col B, p. 28.
- ↑ "L'Avenir". Oktett. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
- ↑ "Admiral Karpfanger (5618262)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 14 May 2012. (subscription required (help)).
- ↑ "Missing vessel" The Times (London). Thursday, 14 July 1938. (48046), col G, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 15 March 1938. (47943), col F, p. 25.
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 69.2 "British motor-vessel lost" The Times (London). Friday, 8 April 1938. (47964), col G, p. 27.
- ↑ 70.0 70.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 21 March 1938. (47948), col G, p. 8.
- ↑ 71.0 71.1 Hansen, Ståle; Toverud, Lars; Andersen, Espen (29 March 2013). "Sabotøren på Sinsen". NRK (in Norwegian). Retrieved 1 August 2014.
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 "London steamer sunk in fog" The Times (London). Friday, 25 March 1938. (47952), col E, p. 16.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 25 March 1938. (47952), col F, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 26 March 1938. (47953), col C, p. 23.
- ↑ "Japanese Hospital Ships". Combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
- ↑ 76.0 76.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 1 April 1938. (47958), col F, p. 8.
- ↑ "News in Brief" The Times (London). Saturday, 2 April 1938. (47959), col E, p. 11.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 2 April 1938. (47959), col G, p. 23.
- ↑ "British steamer ashore" The Times (London). Monday, 4 April 1938. (47960), col F, p. 20.
- ↑ 80.0 80.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 12 April 1938. (47967), col D, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 4 April 1938. (47960), col E, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 18 April 1938. (47971), col E, p. 17.
- ↑ 83.0 83.1 83.2 "Three vessels lost" The Times (London). Tuesday, 5 April 1938. (47961), col F, p. 23.
- ↑ "Heroic Norwegian rescue" The Times (London). Tuesday, 5 April 1938. (47961), col D, p. 15.
- ↑ 85.0 85.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 6 April 1938. (47962), col G, p. 4.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 7 April 1938. (47963), col F, p. 25.
- ↑ "German steamer lost" The Times (London). Saturday, 9 April 2012. (47965), col G, p. 18.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 9 April 1938. (47965), col G, p. 18.
- ↑ 89.0 89.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 11 April 1938. (47966), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ 90.0 90.1 90.2 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 14 April 1938. (47969), col F, p. 24.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 16 April 1938. (47970), col F, p. 21.
- ↑ "Norwegian sealer lost" The Times (London). Saturday, 23 April 1938. (47976), col G, p. 21.
- ↑ ""Jungle" ship breaks in two" The Times (London). Monday, 25 April 1938. (47977), col B, p. 13.
- ↑ "American steamer ashore" The Times (London). Thursday, 28 April 1938. (47980), col C, p. 27.
- ↑ "The Malamton refloated" The Times (London). Tuesday, 10 May 1938. (47990), col A, p. 25.
- ↑ 96.0 96.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 2 May 1938. (47983), col E, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 4 May 1938. (47985), col G, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 30 April 1938. (47982), col C, p. 25.
- ↑ 99.0 99.1 "Norwegian motor-vessel ashore" The Times (London). Thursday, 5 May 1938. (47986), col G, p. 27.
- ↑ "British steamer ashore" The Times (London). Tuesday, 3 May 1938. (47984), col D, p. 22.
- ↑ "The Nasmyth refloated" The Times (London). Monday, 9 May 1938. (47989), col D, p. 25.
- ↑ "The loss of the Collico" The Times (London). Thursday, 12 May 1938. (47992), col F, p. 26.
- ↑ "SS. LAFAYETTE II". Relevant Search Scotland. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
- ↑ 104.0 104.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 6 May 1938. (47987), col E, p. 29.
- ↑ "Port St. John refloated" The Times (London). Saturday, 14 May 1938. (47994), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 9 May 1938. (47989), col D, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 11 May 1938. (47991), col F, p. 27.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 16 May 1938. (47995), col F, p. 24.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 17 May 1938. (47996), col F, p. 28.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 24 May 1938. (48002), col E, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 19 May 1938. (47998), col E, p. 27.
- ↑ 112.0 112.1 "Casualtty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 20 May 1938. (47999), col E, p. 11.
- ↑ "British steamer wrecked" The Times (London). Tuesday, 24 May 1938. (48002), col G, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 7 June 1938. (48015), col C, p. 22.
- ↑ 115.0 115.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 28 May 1938. (48006), col G, p. 24.
- ↑ "Panamanian tanker lost" The Times (London). Monday, 30 May 1938. (48007), col G, p. 24.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 30 March 1938. (48007), col G, p. 24.
- ↑ "German minelayer sunk" The Times (London). Saturday, 28 May 1938. (48006), col E, p. 13.
- ↑ "325 escape from sinking ship" The Times (London). Monday, 30 May 1938. (48007), col G, p. 13.
- ↑ "Japanese steamer lost" The Times (London). Friday, 10 June 1938. (48017), col F, p. 27.
- ↑ "Osaka Shosen K.K.". The Ships List. Retrieved 14 July 2009.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 2 June 1938. (48010), col A, p. 26.
- ↑ "Spanish steamer sunk" The Times (London). Friday, 3 June 1938. (48011), col D, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 3 June 1938. (48011), col G, p. 25.
- ↑ "A Spanish steamer lost" The Times (London). Saturday, 4 June 1938. (48012), col D, p. 23.
- ↑ 126.0 126.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 6 June 1938. (48013), col G, p. 17.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 21 June 1938. (48026), col E, p. 21.
- ↑ "Collision in the Thames" The Times (London). Friday, 10 June 1938. (48017), col E, p. 14.
- ↑ "News in brief" The Times (London). Monday, 13 June 1938. (48019), col G, p. 11.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 13 June 1938. (48019), col E, p. 21.
- ↑ 131.0 131.1 "More ships sunk at Valencia" The Times (London). Thursday, 23 June 1938. (48028), col F, p. 16.
- ↑ 132.0 132.1 "WWI STANDARD BUILT SHIPS A-K". Mariners. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 23 June 1938. (48028), col G, p. 4.
- ↑ 134.0 134.1 "London ship sunk" The Times (London). Tuesday, 28 June 1938. (48032), col B, p. 14.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 28 June 1938. (48032), col C, p. 25.
- ↑ 136.0 136.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 1 July 1938. (48035), col G, p. 27.
- ↑ 137.0 137.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 22 June 1938. (48027), col E, p. 29.
- ↑ 138.0 138.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 4 July 1938. (48037), col F, p. 24.
- ↑ 139.0 139.1 139.2 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 6 July 1938. (48039), col F, p. 27.
- ↑ "Liner aground in St. Lawrence" The Times (London). Monday, 4 July 1937. (48037), col E, p. 14.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 11 July 1938. (48043), col G, p. 24.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 13 July 1938. (48045), col G, p. 29.
- ↑ 143.0 143.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 14 July 1938. (48046), col G, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 25 July 1938. (48055), col G, p. 24.
- ↑ 145.0 145.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 3 August 1938. (48063), col F, p. 20.
- ↑ "Japanese steamer ashore" The Times (London). Tuesday, 26 July 1938. (48056), col F, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 26 July 1938. (48056), col E, p. 23.
- ↑ "Fire in a Greek steamer" The Times (London). Wednesday, 27 July 1938. (48057), col E, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 10 August 1938. (48069), col B, p. 21.
- ↑ "British ship sunk by bombs" The Times (London). Thursday, 28 July 1938. (48058), col B, p. 13.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 27 July 1938. (48057), col E, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 29 July 1938. (48059), col E, p. 7.
- ↑ "Casualty" The Times (London). Saturday, 30 July 1938. (48060), col C, p. 21.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 23 August 1938. (48080), col G, p. 18.
- ↑ "Italian steamer ashore" The Times (London). Thursday, 4 August 1938. (48064), col B, p. 19.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 16 September 1938. (48101), col D, p. 6.
- ↑ "Offensive in Lerida" The Times (London). Wednesday, 10 August 1938. (48069), col E, p. 12.
- ↑ "The fire in the Reliance" The Times (London). Tuesday, 9 August 1938. (48068), col G, p. 20.
- ↑ 159.0 159.1 "SOME BRISTOL CHANNEL SHIPPING ACCIDENTS". Bob Sanders. Retrieved 14 July 2009.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 16 August 1938. (48074), col G, p. 4.
- ↑ "French ship blown up off Gibraltar" The Times (London). Tuesday, 16 August 1938. (48074), col D, p. 12.
- ↑ "Steamers collide in Yangtze Estuary" The Times (London). Wednesday, 17 August 1938. (48075), col D, p. 9.
- ↑ 163.0 163.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 22 August 1938. (48079), col C, p. 18.
- ↑ "Telegrams in Brief" The Times (London). Wednesday, 24 August 1938. (48081), col G, p. 9.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 6 August 1938. (48083), col E, p. 6.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 27 August 1938. (48084), col F, p. 19.
- ↑ "Stranding of Norwegian steamer" The Times (London). Saturday, 27 August 1938. (48084), col F, p. 19.
- ↑ 168.0 168.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 30 August 1938. (48086), col G, p. 18.
- ↑ "The Woolgar refloated" The Times (London). Wednesday, 14 September 1938. (48099), col E, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 29 August 1938. (48085), col D-E, p. 21.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 15 September 1938. (48100), col C, p. 20.
- ↑ The Times (London). (48090), col F,
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 2 September 1938. (48089), col D, p. 21.
- ↑ 174.0 174.1 174.2 "The typhoon at Yokohama" The Times (London). Friday, 2 September 1938. (48089), col D, p. 21.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 13 September 1938. (48098), col C, p. 5.
- ↑ 176.0 176.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 6 September 1938. (48092), col D, p. 20.
- ↑ "Chilean steamer lost" The Times (London). Wednesday, 7 September 1938. (48093), col C, p. 21.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 8 September 1938. (48094), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ 179.0 179.1 "Swedish motor-vessel lost" The Times (London). Thursday, 15 September 1938. (48100), col C, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 10 September 1938. (48096), col E, p. 15.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 12 September 1938. (48097), col G, p. 3.
- ↑ 182.0 182.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 14 September 1938. (48099), col F, p. 20.
- ↑ 183.0 183.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 27 September 1938. (48110), col G, p. 18.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 17 September 1938. (48102), col F, p. 19.
- ↑ 185.0 185.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 19 September 1938. (48103), col B, p. 19.
- ↑ "The Dorothy Wintermote lost" The Times (London). Thursday, 22 September 1938. (48106), col B, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 21 September 1938. (48105), col G, p. 20.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 20 September 1938. (48104), col F, p. 20.
- ↑ "Norwegian Merchant Fleet 1939 - 1945, Ships starting with Ha". Warsailors. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ↑ "Admiralty pinnace torpedoed" The Times (London). Thursday, 22 September 1938. (48106), col B, p. 7.
- ↑ 191.0 191.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 23 September 1938. (48107), col G, p. 20.
- ↑ 192.0 192.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 26 November 1938. (48162), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ 193.0 193.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 24 September 1938. (48108), col F, p. 19.
- ↑ 194.0 194.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 26 September 1938. (48109), col B, p. 21.
- ↑ 195.0 195.1 195.2 195.3 195.4 195.5 195.6 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 28 September 1938. (48111), col F-G, p. 16.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 20 May 1939. (48310), col F, p. 23.
- ↑ Carter, C. (1998). The Port of Penzance: a history. Lydney: Black Dwarf Publications.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 29 October 1938. (48112), col B, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 1 October 1938. (48114), col F, p. 3.
- ↑ 200.0 200.1 "The Dayavati uninsurable" The Times (London). Tuesday, 4 October 1938. (48116), col E, p. 24.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 3 October 1938. (48115), col D, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 4 October 1938. (48116), col E, p. 24.
- ↑ 203.0 203.1 "Fleet List". The Ramsey Steamship Co Ltd. Retrieved 14 July 2009.
- ↑ 204.0 204.1 "WWI STANDARD BUILT SHIPS L - W". Mariners. Retrieved 9 May 2011.
- ↑ 205.0 205.1 "Two British Ships Bombed" The Times (London). Wednesday, 5 October 1938. (48117), col F, p. 13.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 5 October 1938. (48117), col F-G, p. 24.
- ↑ 207.0 207.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 10 October 1938. (48121), col F, p. 8.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 9 November 1938. (48147), col G, p. 9.
- ↑ "E. J. Bullock - (1935-1938)". Auke Visser. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 8 October 1938. (48120), col F, p. 21.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 18 October 1938. (48128), col C, p. 24.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 19 October 1938. (48129), col C, p. 24.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 21 October 1938. (48131), col E, p. 4.
- ↑ 214.0 214.1 214.2 214.3 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 22 October 1938. (48132), col F, p. 21.
- ↑ 215.0 215.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 15 November 1938. (48152), col G, p. 20.
- ↑ 216.0 216.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 29 October 1938. (48138), col G, p. 18.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 24 October 1938. (48133), col E, p. 25.
- ↑ "Greek steamer sunk" The Times (London). Thursday, 27 October 1938. (48136), col B, p. 26.
- ↑ 219.0 219.1 219.2 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 28 November 1938. (48163), col E, p. 21.
- ↑ 220.0 220.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 31 October 1938. (48139), col D, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 8 November 1938. (48146), col D, p. 25.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 1 November 1938. (48140), col E, p. 8.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 3 November 1938. (48142), col D-E, p. 26.
- ↑ 224.0 224.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 7 November 1938. (48145), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 5 November 1938. (48144), col G, p. 3.
- ↑ "British ship on fire in French port" The Times (London). Monday, 7 November 1938. (48145), col E, p. 14.
- ↑ "British ship set on fire" The Times (London). Monday, 6 November 1938. (48145), col D, p. 11.
- ↑ 228.0 228.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 22 November 1938. (48158), col F-G, p. 26.
- ↑ "Details of the Ship". Plimsoll Ship Data. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
- ↑ "The Delphoi refloated" The Times (London). Tuesday, 15 November 1938. (48152), col G, p. 20.
- ↑ "Steamer sunk and crew saved" The Times (London). Tuesday, 15 November 1938. (48152), col D, p. 16.
- ↑ 232.0 232.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 19 November 1938. (48156), col D, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 16 November 1938. (48153), col F, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 18 November 1938. (48155), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 21 November 1938. (48157), col F, p. 23.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 23 December 1938. (48176), col E-F, p. 10.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 23 November 1938. (48159), col F, p. 26.
- ↑ "Telegrams in Brief" The Times (London). Saturday, 26 November 1938. (48162), col G, p. 11.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 25 November 1938. (48161), col F, p. 26.
- ↑ 240.0 240.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 24 November 1938. (48160), col B, p. 24.
- ↑ 241.0 241.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 7 December 1938. (48171), col B, p. 27.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 29 November 1938. (48164), col G, p. 19.
- ↑ 243.0 243.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 2 December 1938. (48167), col F, p. 26.
- ↑ 244.0 244.1 244.2 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 2 January 1939. (48192), col E, p. 27.
- ↑ "Uncovering Soviet Disasters, Chapter 5: Submarines". James Oberg. Retrieved 14 July 2009.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Monday, 5 December 1938. (48169), col E, p. 18.
- ↑ "Greek Steamer Lost" The Times (London). Tuesday, 6 December 1938. (48170), col C, p. 26.
- ↑ "Greek steamer sunk in Bay of Biscay" The Times (London). Tuesday, 6 December 1938. (48170), col B, p. 13.
- ↑ 249.0 249.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 6 December 1938. (48170), col C, p. 26.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Saturday, 10 December 1938. (48174), col E, p. 23.
- ↑ 251.0 251.1 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Thursday, 15 December 1938. (48178), col F, p. 22.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 14 December 1938. (48177), col E, p. 29.
- ↑ "Telegrams in Brief" The Times (London). Monday, 19 December 1938. (48181), col G, p. 11.
- ↑ "The loss of the Jeanne M." The Times (London). Tuesday, 20 December 1938. (48182), col F, p. 25.
- ↑ "Belgian Merchant H-O". Belgische Koopvaardij. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesdaty, 10 January 1939. (48199), col G, p. 22.
- ↑ 257.0 257.1 257.2 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 21 December 1938. (48183), col G, p. 8.
- ↑ 258.0 258.1 258.2 "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Friday, 23 December 1938. (48185), col G, p. 6.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Tuesday, 27 December 1938. (48187), col E, p. 15.
- ↑ "22 saved from tanker sinking" The Times (London). Saturday, 24 December 1938. (48186), col B, p. 9.
- ↑ "Casualty Reports" The Times (London). Wednesday, 28 December 1938. (48188), col B-C, p. 17.
- ↑ "British ship sunk by aircraft" The Times (London). Wednesday, 28 December 1938. (48188), col C, p. 10.
- ↑ Lane, Anthony (2009). Shipwrecks of Kent. Stroud: The History Press. pp. p21. ISBN 978-0-7524-1720-2.
| Ship events in 1938 | |||||||||||
| Ship launches: | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 |
| Ship commissionings: | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 |
| Ship decommissionings: | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 |
| Shipwrecks: | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 |