List of rulers of Tibet
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Below is a list of rulers of Tibet from the beginning of legendary history. Included are regimes with their base in Central Tibet, that held authority over at least a substantial portion of the country.
Pre-Imperial Yarlung Dynasty[1]
- Nyatri Tsenpo
- Mutri Tsenpo (son)
- Dingtri Tsenpo (son)
- Sotri Tsenpo (son)
- Mertri Tsenpo (son)
- Daktri Tsenpo (son)
- Siptri Tsenpo (son)
- Drigum Tsenpo (son)
- Pude Gunggyal (son)
- Esho Leg (son)
- Desho Leg (son)
- Tisho Leg (son)
- Gongru Leg (son)
- Drongzher Leg (son)
- Isho Leg (son)
- Zanam Zindé (son)
- Detrul Namzhungtsen (son)
- Senöl Namdé (son)
- Senöl Podé (son)
- Denöl Nam (son)
- Denöl Po (son)
- Degyal Po (son)
- Detring Tsen (son)
- Tore Longtsen (son)
- Tritsun Nam (son)
- Tridra Pungtsen (son)
- Tritog Jethogtsen (son)
- Lha Thothori (son)
- Trinyen Zungtsen (son)
- Drongnyen Deu (son)
- Tagri Nyenzig (son)
- Namri Songtsen ?–618 (son)
Tibetan Empire [2]
See also: List of emperors of Tibet
- Songtsen Gampo 618–641 (son of Namri Songtsen)
- Gungsong Gungtsen 641–646 (son)
- Songtsen Gampo 646–649 (second time)
- Mangsong Mangtsen 649–677 (son of Gungsong Gungtsen)
- Tridu Songtsen 677–704 (son)
- Lha 704–705 (son)
- Thrimalö 705–712 (widow of Mangsong Mangtsen)
- Me Agtsom 712–755 (son of Tri Dusong)
- Trisong Detsen 756–797 (son)
- Muné Tsenpo 797–799 (son)
- Tride Songtsen 799–815 (brother)
- Ralpachen 815–838 (son)
- Langdarma 838–842 (brother)
Sakya lamas[3]
- Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen 1216–1251 (Mongol protégé 1247)
- Phagpa Drakpa Gyaltsen 1251–1280 (nephew)
- Dharmapala Raksita 1280–1282 (nephew)
- Jamyang Rinchen Gyaltsen 1286–1303 (of Sharpa lineage)
- Zangpo Pal 1306–1323 (nephew of Phagpa Drakpa Gyaltsen)
- Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen 1325–1341 (son)
- Jamyang Donyo Gyaltsen 1341–1344 (brother)
- Lama Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen 1344–1347 (brother)
- Lotro Gyaltsen 1347–1365 (nephew)
Sakya imperial preceptors[4]
See also: Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs
- Phagpa Drakpa Gyaltsen 1270–1274
- Rinchen Gyaltsen 1274–1279 (brother)
- Dharmapala Raksita 1282–1286 (nephew)
- Yeshe Rinchen 1286–1291
- Drakpa Odzer 1291–1303
- Jamyang Rinchen Gyaltsen 1304–1305 (brother of Yeshe Rinchen)
- Sanggye Pal 1305–1314 (brother of Drakpa Odzer)
- Kunga Lotro Gyaltsen 1314–1327 (great-nephew of Phagpa Drakpa Gyaltsen)
- Kunga Lekpa Jungne Gyaltsen 1328–1330 (brother)
- Kunga Gyaltsen 1331–1358 (brother)
Phagmodrupa Dynasty[5]
- Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen 1354–1364
- Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen 1364–1373 (nephew)
- Drakpa Changchub 1374–1381 (nephew)
- Sonam Drakpa 1381–1385 (brother)
- Drakpa Gyaltsen 1385–1432 (cousin)
- Drakpa Jungne 1432–1445 (nephew)
- Kunga Lekpa 1448–1481 (brother)
- Ngagi Wangpo 1481–1491 (son of Drakpa Jungne)
- Tsokye Dorje 1491–1499 (regent, of Rinpungpa lineage)
- Ngawang Tashi Drakpa 1499–1554 (son of Ngagi Wangpo)
- Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen 1554–1556/57 (grandson)
- Ngawang Tashi Drakpa 1556/57–1564 (second time)
- Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen 1576–1603/04 (second time)
- Mipham Wanggyur Gyalpo 1604–1613 (possible grandnephew)
- Mipham Sonam Wangchuk Drakpa Namgyal Palzang 17th century (grandson of Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen)
Rinpungpa Dynasty[6]
- Norzang 1435–1466
- Kunzang 1466–c. 1479 (son)
- Donyo Dorje c. 1479–1512 (son)
- Ngawang Namgyal 1512–1544 (cousin)
- Dondup Tseten Dorje 1544–? (son)
- Ngawang Jigme Drakpa ?–1565 (brother)
Tsangpa Dynasty[7]
- Karma Tseten 1565–1599
- Khunpang Lhawang Dorje c. 1582 – 1605/06 (son)
- Karma Thutob Namgyal c. 1586–1610 (brother)
- Karma Tensung 1599–1611 (brother)
- Karma Phuntsok Namgyal 1611–1620 (son of Karma Thutob)
- Karma Tenkyong 1620–1642 (son)
Khoshut protector rulers[8]
- Gushri Khan 1642–1655
- Dayan Khan 1655–1668 (son)
- Tenzin Dalai Khan 1668–1696 (son)
- Tenzin Wangchuk Khan 1696–1697 (son)
- Labzang Khan 1697–1717 (brother)
Pholha princes[8]
- Polhané Sönam Topgyé 1728–1747
- Gyurme Namgyal 1747–1750 (son)
Dalai Lamas[8]
See also: Tsewang Rabtan and List of emperors of the Qing dynasty
Image | Name | Date of birth | Dalai Lama From | Dalai Lama Until | Date of death |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st Dalai Lama | Gedun Drub | 1391 | N/A | 1474 | |
2nd Dalai Lama | Gedun Gyatso | 1475 | 1492 | 1542 | |
3rd Dalai Lama | Sonam Gyatso | 1543 | 1578 | 1588 | |
4th Dalai Lama | Yonten Gyatso | 1589 | 1601 | 1617 | |
5th Dalai Lama | Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso | 1617 | 1642 | 1682 | |
6th Dalai Lama | Tsangyang Gyatso | 1683 | 1697 | 1706 | |
7th Dalai Lama | Kelzang Gyatso | 1708 | 1720 | 1757 | |
8th Dalai Lama | Jamphel Gyatso | 1758 | 1762 | 1804 | |
9th Dalai Lama | Lungtok Gyatso | 1805 | 1810 | 1815 | |
10th Dalai Lama | Tsultrim Gyatso | 29 March 1816 | 1826 | 1837 | |
11th Dalai Lama | Khedrup Gyatso | 1 November 1838 | 1842 | 31 January 1856 | |
12th Dalai Lama | Trinley Gyatso | 26 January 1857 | 1860 | 25 April 1875 | |
13th Dalai Lama | Thubten Gyatso | 12 February 1876 | 1879 | 17 December 1933 | |
14th Dalai Lama | Tenzin Gyatso | 6 July 1935 | 17 November 1950 | Alive |
See also
- History of Tibet
- Pre-Imperial Tibet
- Tibetan Empire
- List of emperors of Tibet
- Guge
- Sakya
- Mongol conquest of Tibet
- Tibet under Yuan administrative rule
- Phagmodrupa Dynasty
- Rinpungpa
- Tsangpa
- Ganden Phodrang
- Dalai Lama
- Khoshut Khanate
- Dzungar Khanate
- Tibet under Qing administrative rule
- List of Qing imperial residents in Tibet
- List of political leaders of Tibet
References
- ↑ Ancient Tibet: Research materials from the Yeshe De project. Berkeley 1986, pp. 141-78; Tsepon W.D. Shakabpa, Tibet. A Political History. Yale 1967.
- ↑ Christopher I. Beckwith, The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia. Princeton 1987, pp. 226–9; Tsepon W.D. Shakabpa, Tibet. A Political History. Yale 1967.
- ↑ Luciano Petech, Central Tibet and the Mongols. Rome 1990.
- ↑ Luciano Petech, 1990.
- ↑ Giuseppe Tucci, Tibetan Painted Scrolls. Rome 1949; Giuseppe Tucci, Deb T'er Dmar Po Gsarma. Rome 1971; Per K. Sorensen & Guntram Hazod, Rulers on the Celestial Plain. Wien 2007; Olaf Czaja, Medieval rule in Tibet, Vol. I-II. Wien 2013.
- ↑ Giuseppe Tucci, 1949; Giuseppe Tucci, 1971; Olaf Czaja, 2013.
- ↑ Giuseppe Tucci, 1949; Hugh E. Richardson, A Short History of Tibet. New York 1962.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Hugh E. Richardson, 1962; Tsepon W.D. Shakabpa, 1967.
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