List of offenders executed in India

The number of people executed in India since independence in 1947 is a matter of dispute; official government statistics claim that only 57 people had been executed since independence. However, available information from other sources indicates that the official government figures are false, and the actual number of executions in India may run to several thousand.[1][2]

Research by the People's Union for Democratic Rights (PUDR) has located government records of 1,422 executions in 16 states in the decade from 1953 to 1963 alone. PUDR located this information in an appendix of the 35th report of the Fourth Law Commission in 1967.[1][2] The National Law University Delhi compiled a list of persons executed in India since 1947 and found that at least 752 individuals had been executed, including the period from 1 January to 15 August 1947. Their report was compiled "as per responses received from Central prisons in India. Certain prisons have either provided information only for a limited period or refused to provide any information or did not have any records available." Therefore, the actual number of persons would be much more than 752. While information about the number of executions should be available with individual prison departments within each state, the government has been reluctant to share such information. For example, authorities in Kerala claimed that all records of executions had been destroyed by termites. Andhra Pradesh gave the same reason for not furnishing post-1968 records. Bihar claimed that the state did not maintain records of executions, while Tamil Nadu's Additional Director General of Police (Prisons) refused to provide any records at all.[3] According to Alexander Jacob, Additional Director General of Police (Prisons) of Kerala, "nearly 50 people had been executed in Kerala in the post-Independence period".[4]

Rasha alias Raghuraj Singh, executed on 9 September 1947 at Jabalpur Central Jail, is presumed to be the first person executed in independent India.[3] Afzal Guru, who was hanged on 9 February 2013, was the last person to be executed in India. No woman has ever been executed in independent India, although some are currently on death row.[5][6]

List

This is not an exhaustive list of prisoners executed in independent India, and is not meant to be a reference for the total number of prisoners who have been executed in India since independence. There are no official collated figures available for executions in India, and this list has been compiled from multiple sources. Unless otherwise noted, all persons were executed by hanging.

This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
No. Name Date Age
(at execution)		 Age
(at offence)		 Location State Capital offence(s) Notes Source
1 Rasha alias Raghuraj Singh 9 September 1947 27 Jabalpur Central Jail Central Provinces and Berar [3]
Mahantappa Gangappa 30 December 1947 30 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Singavarapu Mahalakshmudu 3 April 1948 32 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Bhavana Venkadu 13 April 1948 40 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Kancharagunta Subbaiah 24 April 1948 28 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Kalidindi Venkata Narasimha Raju 17 May 1948 24 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Basapppa Gundappa Hadignal 31 July 1948 35 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Uppara Bala Obigan Subanna 13 July 1949 60 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Chenchu China Rami Reddy 13 July 1949 35 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Chenchu Peda Rami Reddy 13 July 1949 48 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Jamula Lakshmi Reddy 13 July 1949 33 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Poreddypedda Thippa Reddy 13 July 1949 25 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Uppara Chinna Pullappa 13 July 1949 35 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Jonada Musalaiah 10 October 1949 24 Rajahmundry Central Prison Madras Presidency [3]
Hanmanth Bhimappa Bhaskari 17 October 1949 35 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Nathuram Vinayak Godse 15 November 1949 39 37 Ambala Central Jail East Punjab Murder Assassination of Mohandas Gandhi
Narayan Dattatraya Apte 15 November 1949 39 37 Ambala Central Jail East Punjab Conspiracy to murder
Adyayya Parappa Ramgouda 16 January 1950 35 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Sanna Hanamappa Yamanappa

Gadgi

 20 February 1951 55 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Vithoba Krishna Thorat 8 February 1951 62 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Sidappa Basavaneppa Shiddanavar 17 December 1951 25 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Shyama Charan Shukla/Sukul 21 June 1952 N/A N/A Alipore Central Jail West Bengal First person executed in West Bengal. [3][7]
Dyayappa Adivappa Dadi 22 August 1953 28 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Ram Chariter Show 7 January 1955 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Shivarudrappa Virbhadrappa

Bhandigani

 15 December 1955 21 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Hanmanth Bhimappa Sullanavar 19 December 1955 40 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Yallappa Nilappa Annigeri 30 December 1955 35 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Birendra Nath Dutta 28 January 1956 N/A N/A Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3][7]
Tippanna Ningappa Agsar 16 May 1956 50 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Pandurang Tatyasaheb Shinde 18 June 1956 40 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Sadashiv Satteppa Khanchanale 9 July 1956 27 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Bhimappa Shivarayappa Nandi 31 July 1956 39 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Yallappa Somappa Nandi 31 July 1956 19 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Parasappa Somappa Nandi 31 July 1956 28 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Dundappa Basappa Bhadrashetti 11 September 1956 32 Belgaum Central Jail Bombay State [3]
Gopal Chandra Ghosh 8 February 1957 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Shew Prasad alias Lall 20 December 1957 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Shamsher Sheikh 10 May 1958 N/A N/A Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3][7]
Sher Mohammad 10 May 1958 N/A N/A Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3][7]
Abdul Khaleque 12 May 1958 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Asgar Ali alias Ashu 12 May 1958 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Gura Sahu/Guna Show 29 May 1958 N/A N/A Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3][7]
Bachan Singh 23 June 1958 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Ajit Bose 9 August 1958 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Dhanamath Guru alias Badis 18 August 1958 47 Berhampore Circle Jail Orissa [3]
Fakir Ahamed 8 November 1958 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Bipin Bihari Sarkar 24 January 1959 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Bishnu Charan Saha 24 January 1959 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Pyare Lal 16 June 1959 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Gurunath Govindrao Deshpande 27 July 1959 31 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Ram Gopal 21 September 1959 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Bholanath Choudhury/Sadhukhan 23 September 1959 Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3][7]
Yamanappa Tippanna Savadi 29 February 1960 35 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Chinthala Gangula Reddy 10 August 1960 30 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Pulagam Ramarao 12 September 1960 18 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Dhan Bhadur 11 October 1960 N/A N/A Jammu District Jail Jammu and Kashmir [3]
Bhadur Singh 11 October 1960 N/A N/A Jammu District Jail Jammu and Kashmir [3]
Lalsing Mahasing Gurkha 21 November 1960 30 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Narain Singh 7 December 1960 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Jampana Satyanarayana Raju 24 January 1961 30 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Sahidul Rahaman 1 April 1961 N/A N/A Dum Dum Central Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Durga Prasad Katik 1 April 1961 N/A N/A Dum Dum Central Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Bandi Mungulu 11 April 1961 35 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Aditya Narayan Chatterjee 2 June 1961 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Boya Danja Yerramala 17 October 1961 24 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Md. Sharif 13 November 1961 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Attar Singh 4 January 1962 N/A N/A Jammu District Jail Jammu and Kashmir [3]
Ramdeo Kurmi 12 February 1962 Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3][7]
Sovan Mati/Shovan alias Palan Mali 12 February 1962 Alipore Central Jail, Kolkata West Bengal [3][7]
Sudama Singh 21 May 1962 N/A N/A Dum Dum Central Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Ram Sankar Singh 21 May 1962 N/A N/A Dum Dum Central Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Sanivarapu Venkateswarlu Reddy 26 May 1962 19 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Babulal Das alias Bhuku Das 8 June 1962 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Kummara Eswarppa 10 September 1962 40 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Ediga 21 December 1962 45 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Chintehalapudi Andiah 9 January 1963 40 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Sk. Babu Sahib 16 January 1963 30 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Harnam Singh 19 June 1963 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Bhagwan Singh 19 June 1963 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Arjunen alias Polka Damb 29 June 1963 22 Berhampore Circle Jail Orissa [3]
Nagappa Sahebgoudar Patil 26 July 1963 42 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Sitaram Kaher 1 September 1963 Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3]
Sultan Mondal 22 October 1963 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Ram Singh 13 March 1964 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Sohan Singh 31 March 1964 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Boya Sanajjimmappa 8 May 1964 32 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Yashwant Bandu koli 10 August 1964 45 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Khetra Mohan Dhali 12 August 1964 Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3]
Sathi Venkaiah 23 November 1964 50 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Bhramar Singh/Bhomour Singh 1 April 1965 Alipore Central Jail, Kolkata West Bengal [3][7]
Suman Singh/Samundar Singh 1 April 1965 Alipore Central Jail West Bengal [3][7]
Gansa Pahan 7 June 1965 N/A N/A Presidency Correctional Home West Bengal [3]
Jwala Ran 29 December 1965 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail [3]
Srichand 26 October 1966 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Manzoor Ahmad 26 October 1966 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Lochan Pal 26 July 1967 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Hasansab Imamsab Jatagar 17 August 1967 42 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Maslansab Dadasab Jatagar 17 August 1967 40 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Abdul Fakirsab Jatagar 17 August 1967 40 Belgaum Central Jail Mysore State [3]
Polanki Ayyanna 28 February 1968 40 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Kurra Chakram 28 February 1968 30 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Madkami Mala 18 May 1968 37 Berhampore Circle Jail Orissa [3]
Rayi alias Rayi Narasaih 19 June 1968 50 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Penbnagonda Chinna Chenna Reddy 8 August 1968 42 Rajahmundry Central Prison Andhra Pradesh [3]
Dharam Singh 22 January 1971 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail [3]
Raghab Naik 3 August 1971 43 Berhampore Circle Jail Orissa [3]
Jai Chand 7 October 1974 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Hukum Chand 7 October 1974 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Malakendra Ramachandra Patil 20 June 1975 40 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Sambhaji Vithal Patil 20 June 1975 26 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Shivaji Vithal Patil 20 June 1975 24 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Girimallappa Rudrappa Madgalli 20 June 1975 24 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Rajappa Pandappa Nannavar 20 June 1975 25 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Vemenappa Bhimappa Madar 20 June 1975 55 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Mohinder Singh 6 February 1976 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail [3]
Laxman Ram 31 October 1976 N/A N/A Jammu District Jail Jammu and Kashmir [3]
Amrit Bhushan Gupta 18 January 1977 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Shiv Mohan 7 April 1977 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Baksis Singh 1 December 1977 N/A N/A Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Joseph Peter alias Kumar 28 January 1978 N/A N/A Central Jail, Aguada [3]
Sidrai Siddappa Sonnad 18 March 1978 34 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Khubanna Jakkappa Godekar 18 March 1978 42 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Sabu Balappa Jaljannavar 18 March 1978 30 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Dundappa Kashappa Managadi 18 March 1978 35 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Basappa Shivappa Hadimani 18 March 1978 25 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Kuljeet Singh alias Ranga 31 January 1982 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi Kidnapping and Murder Geeta and Sanjay Chopra kidnapping case [3][9]
Jasbir Singh alias Billa 31 January 1982 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi Kidnapping and Murder [3][9]
Balbir Singh 27 April 1983 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail [3]
Mehar Chand 3 May 1983 63 Jaipur Central Jail [3]
Surjit Singh alias Jagjit Singh 6 May 1983 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail [3]
Ujagar Singh alias Santa Singh 9 October 1983 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Kartar Singh 9 October 1983 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi [3][8]
Hanamanth Laxmappa Mallyar 9 November 1983 27 Belgaum Central Jail Karnataka [3]
Rajendra Jakkal 27 November 1983 Yerwada Central Jail, Pune Maharashtra Murder Joshi-Abhyankar serial murders
Dilip Dhyanoba Sutar 27 November 1983 Yerwada Central Jail, Pune Maharashtra Murder
Shantaram Kanhoji Jagtap 27 November 1983 Yerwada Central Jail, Pune Maharashtra Murder
Munawar Harun Shah 27 November 1983 Yerwada Central Jail, Pune Maharashtra Murder
Mohd. Maqbool Bhat 11 February 1984 45 28 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi Murder Murder of 2 persons, including a Jammu and Kashmir CID officer [3]
Gulzar Singh 14 June 1988 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail Punjab [3]
Bhajan Singh 14 June 1988 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail Punjab [3]
Raj Kumar 5 July 1988 N/A N/A Patiala Central Jail Punjab [3]
Baba Balyogi alias Ganpat 14 July 1988 29 Jaipur Central Jail [3]
Satwant Singh 6 January 1989 27 22 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi Murder Assassination of Indira Gandhi [3]
Kehar Singh 6 January 1989 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi Conspiracy to murder [3]
Gurcharan Singh 16 June 1989 Patiala Central Jail Punjab Murder Last persons to be executed in Punjab. [3][10][11]
Pritam Singh 16 June 1989 Patiala Central Jail Punjab Murder [3][10][12]
Gulab Singh 28 June 1989 N/A N/A Ambala Central Jail Haryana Murder Last person to be executed in Haryana. [3][13]
Umaid Singh alias Umaida Ram 8 September 1989 45 Jaipur Central Jail [3]
Kartick Seal/Sil 21 August 1991 Alipore Central Jail West Bengal Murder Murder of 8 members of a family, including one woman and child, in 1987 [3][14][15]
Sukumar Burman alias Sutku 21 August 1991 Alipore Central Jail West Bengal Murder [3][16][15]
Ranjeet Singh 28 November 1991 32 Jaipur Central Jail [3]
Syo Lal 28 November 1991 76 Jaipur Central Jail [3]
Raj Gopal 10 February 1992 N/A N/A Jammu District Jail Jammu and Kashmir [3]
Sukhdev Singh Sukha 9 October 1992 30 23 Yerwada Central Jail, Pune Maharashtra Murder Murder of Gen. Vaidya, Lalit Maken and Arjan Dass.
Harjinder Singh Jinda 9 October 1992 31 24 Yerwada Central Jail, Pune Maharashtra Murder
Balakrishan 1993 Kerala [4]
Muthukkutty Chandran aka "Ripper" Chandran 1993 Central Prison, Kannur Kerala Murder Murder of 17 persons [17][18]
Laxman Naik 16 July 1994 36 Berhampore Circle Jail Orissa [3]
Bheru Singh 20 August 1994 40 Jaipur Central Jail [3]
Auto Shankar 27 April 1995 41 34 Salem Central Prison Tamil Nadu Murder Murder of 6 persons, over a period of two years in 1988–1989
13 males 1995 Thirteen males were executed in the country in 1995 - 11 in Uttar Pradesh and one each in Assam and Delhi. [8]
Ramchandra alias Ravjee 4 May 1996 29 Japiur Central Jail Murder Murder of 5 persons, including his pregnant wife and 3 children on 6 May 1993 [3][19][20]
1 male 1996 Kerala One male was executed in Kerala. [8]
Surja Ram 7 April 1997 52 Jaipur Central Jail Murder Murder of 5 persons; his brother, sister-in-law, their 2 sons and an aunt. [3][21][22]
3 males 1997 Andhra Pradesh Three males were executed in Andhra Pradesh. [8]
Dhananjoy Chatterjee 14 August 2004 39 25 Alipore Jail, Kolkata West Bengal Murder Rape and murder of 14-year old Hetal Parekh on 5 March 1990. [3]
Mohammed Ajmal Kasab 21 November 2012 25 21 Yerwada Central Jail, Pune Maharashtra Murder, and waging war against the Government of India 2008 Mumbai attacks
Mohammad Afzal Guru 9 February 2013 43 32 Tihar Jail, New Delhi Delhi Conspiracy 2001 Indian Parliament attack [3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "'Number of executions much higher than 55'". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "The Telegraph - Calcutta : At Leisure". telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35 3.36 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.40 3.41 3.42 3.43 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.47 3.48 3.49 3.50 3.51 3.52 3.53 3.54 3.55 3.56 3.57 3.58 3.59 3.60 3.61 3.62 3.63 3.64 3.65 3.66 3.67 3.68 3.69 3.70 3.71 3.72 3.73 3.74 3.75 3.76 3.77 3.78 3.79 3.80 3.81 3.82 3.83 3.84 3.85 3.86 3.87 3.88 3.89 3.90 3.91 3.92 3.93 3.94 3.95 3.96 3.97 3.98 3.99 3.100 3.101 3.102 3.103 3.104 3.105 3.106 3.107 3.108 3.109 3.110 3.111 3.112 3.113 3.114 3.115 3.116 3.117 3.118 3.119 3.120 3.121 3.122 3.123 3.124 3.125 3.126 3.127 3.128 3.129 3.130 3.131 3.132 3.133 3.134 3.135 3.136 3.137 3.138 3.139 3.140 3.141 3.142 3.143 3.144 3.145 3.146 3.147 3.148 3.149 3.150 3.151 3.152 3.153 3.154 "State-wise list of prisoners executed in India since 1947". http://www.deathpenaltyindia.com''. National Law University Delhi. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "In abolishing death penalty, Travancore set an example". The Hindu. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  5. ↑ "Two sisters to be first women hanged in India". Telegraph.co.uk. 18 August 2014. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  6. ↑ "Two sisters from Maharashtra's Kolhapur may become the first women to be hanged in India". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 A Staff Reporter (5 August 2004). "Hangman gets his last chance". http://www.telegraphindia.com''. The Telegraph.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21 "Execution trajectory in India". DNA. DNA. 21 November 2012. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Ranga-Billa redux: How rapists were sent to gallows". http://www.hindustantimes.com/''. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Kaleidoscope". tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  11. ↑ http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/beant-singhs-assassin-to-be-hanged-in-patiala-on-march-31/article2996459.ece
  12. ↑ http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/beant-singhs-assassin-to-be-hanged-in-patiala-on-march-31/article2996459.ece
  13. ↑ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Kaleidoscope". tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  14. ↑ https://www.amnesty.org/ar/library/asset/ASA20/039/1991/es/400235c5-f941-11dd-92e7-c59f81373cf2/asa200391991en.pdf
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "'I hanged my first victim when I was 16'". indianexpress.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  16. ↑ https://www.amnesty.org/ar/library/asset/ASA20/039/1991/es/400235c5-f941-11dd-92e7-c59f81373cf2/asa200391991en.pdf
  17. ↑ "Killers on death row long for mercy". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  18. ↑ "The Hindu : Ripper-style' murders on the rise". thehindu.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  19. ↑ "Kasabs execution second fastest in the country? - NDTVProfit.com". ndtv.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  20. ↑ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/former-judges-call-for-commutation-of-death-penalty/article3804480.ece
  21. ↑ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/former-judges-call-for-commutation-of-death-penalty/article3804480.ece
  22. ↑ "Surja Ram - Death Penalty Project: India". deathpenaltyindia.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.

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