List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans
This is a list of the biological mothers of Ottoman sultans. There were thirty-six sultans of the Ottoman Empire in twenty-one generations. (During early days the title Bey was used instead of Sultan) Throughout 623-years history the sultans were the members of the same house, namely the house of Ottoman.
Valide sultans and mothers of the Ottoman Sultans
This list is distinct from the list of Valide Sultans of the Ottoman Empire. Valide Sultan was the title of the mother of the reigning sultan. The mothers who died before their sons’ accession to throne, never assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Hürrem, Hatice Mu’azzez, Emîne Mihr-î-Şâh,[1][2] Râbi’a Şerm-î,[3] and Nükhet-Sedâ.[4] On the other hand, step mothers who were not the biological mothers but raised the princes whose mothers had died assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Ayşe Seniyeperver[5] and Rahîme Piristû (Perestu). So there were Valide Sultans who were not the mothers, and there were mothers who were not the Valide Sultans.
The detailed list of the valide sultans and the mothers of the Ottoman Sultans
| Mother | Son (Ottoman Sultan)[6] | Origin | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hayme | Osman I (r. 1299–1326) | Oghuz Turkic | |
| Malhun | Orhan (r. 1324–61) | Ottoman Turkic; born in Anatolia. | posthumous |
| Nilüfer (born Holofira) | Murad I (r. 1362–89) | Byzantine Greek; born in Bilecik. | 1362–1383; –1389 (posthumous) |
| Gülçiçek (born Maria) | Bayezid I (r. 1389–1402) | Byzantine Greek | |
| Devlet | Mehmed I (r. 1413–21) | Oghuz Turkic or Kurd, of the Germiyan tribe; born in Kütahya. | |
| Emine | Murad II (r. 1421–44; 1446–51) | Oghuz Turkic; born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir. | 1421-1449 (Valide Khātûn) |
| Hüma | Mehmed II (r. 1444–46; 1451–81) | Undetermined (Isfendiyarid; Zetan; French Jew) | 1444-1446 (Valide Khātûn) |
| Mükrime or Emine Gülbahar | Bayezid II (r. 1481–1512) | Oghuz Turkic; born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir. | |
| Emine Gülbahar or Mükrime | Undetermined (Albanian or Pontic Greek). | ||
| Gülbahar | Selim I (r. 1512–20) | Oghuz Turkic; born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir. | |
| Ayşe Hafsa | Suleiman I (r. 1520–66) | Crimean Tatar; born in the Crimean Khanate.[7] | 1520-1534 (Valide Sultân) |
| Hürrem (born Alexandra Lisowska) | Selim II (r. 1566–74) | Ruthenian (Ukrainian) | posthumous |
| Nurbanu | Murad III (r. 1574–95) | Undetermined (born in Páros, Republic of Venice; born in Portugal, Iberian Jew) | 1574-1583 (Valide Sultân) |
| Safiye (born Sofia Baffo) | Mehmed III (r. 1595–1603) | Venetian; born on Corfu, Republic of Venice | 1595-1603 (Valide Sultân) |
| Handan (born Helena) | Ahmed I (r. 1603–17) | Greek | 1603-1605 (Valide Sultân) |
| Alime (born Altunşah) | Mustafa I (r. 1617–18, 1622–23) | Abkhaz [8] | 1617-1618 (Valide Sultân) (1st) |
| Mahfiruz Hatice | Osman II (r. 1618–22) | Serb [9] | 1618-1620 (Valide Sultân) |
| Alime (born Altunşah) | Mustafa I (r. 1617–18, 1622–23) | Abkhaz | 1622-1623 (Valide Sultân) (2nd) |
| Mah Peyker–Kösem (born Anastasia) | Murad IV | Greek; born on Tinos, Republic of Venice | 1623-1640 (Valide Sultân) |
| Ibrahim I | 1640–48 | ||
| Turhan Hatice (born Nadia) | Mehmed IV | Ruthenian (Ukrainian) | 1648-1682 (Valide Sultân) |
| Saliha Dilaşub (born Katarina) | Süleyman II | Serb [9][10][11] | 1687-1689 (Valide Sultân) |
| Hatice Muazzez (born Eva) | Ahmet II | Polish Jew; born in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. | |
| Rabia Gülnuş (born Evmania Vora) | Mustafa II (r. 1695–1703) | Greek; born in Rethymno, Republic of Venice | Valide sultan: 1695–1703 |
| Ahmed III (r. 1703–30) | Valide sultan: 1695–1715 | ||
| Saliha Sabkati (born Alexandra) | Mahmud I | Greek; born in Constantinople.[11] | 1730-1739 (Valide Sultân) |
| Şehsuvar (born Maria) | Osman III | Serb [12][13] | 1754-1756 (Valide Sultân) |
| Emine Mihrişah (born Jeanette) | Mustafa III | French | |
| Rabia Şermî [3] (born Ida) | Abdülhamid I | Circassian or French | |
| Mîhr-i Şah (born Agnes) | Selim III | Georgian [14] | 1789-1805 (Valide Sultân) |
| Nükhet-Sedâ [4] | Mustafa IV | Undetermined (Georgian) | |
| Nakş-i Dil | Mahmud II [15] | Undetermined (possibly Aimée du Buc de Rivéry, a French noblewoman) | |
| Bezm-î Âlem (born Suzanne) | Abdülmecid | Georgian Christian or Georgian Jew | 1839-1853 (Valide Sultân) |
| Pertev-Nihâl | Abdülaziz | Circassian or Vlach | 1853-1876 (Valide Sultân) |
| Şevk-Efzâ (born Vilma) | Murad V | Georgian; born in Poti | 1876-1876 (Valide Sultân) |
| Tîr-î Müjgan [16][17] (born Müjgan) | Abdülhamid II | Circassian, of the Shapsugs tribe. | |
| Gül-Cemâl (born Sofia) [18][19] | Mehmed V | Bosnian (Christian); born in Bosnia Eyalet.[20] | |
| Gülüstü (born Henrietta) | Mehmed VI | Georgian, of the Shervashidze dynasty; born in Sukhumi, Principality of Abkhazia.[21][22] | |
See also
Further reading
- Leslie P. Peirce (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-508677-5.
- Yavuz Bahadıroğlu (2007). Resimli Osmanlı tarihi. Nesil yayınları. ISBN 978-975-269-299-2.
References
- ↑ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 355, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ↑ "Sultan III. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 363, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 395, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ↑ "Sultan IV. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ The sources don't agree on the names of the biological mothers of Mustafa I and Mahmut II
- ↑ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, p. 186, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ↑ "Mother Of Mustafa I". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation).
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Günseli İnal; Semiramis Arşivi (2005). Semiramis: Sultan'ın gözünden şenlik. YKY. p. 27. ISBN 978-975-08-0928-6.
[Osman II's mother the Serbian Evdoksiya known as Mahfiruz Sultan]
- ↑ "Sultan II. Süleyman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Ali Kemal Meram (1977). Padişah anaları: resimli belgesel tarih romanı. Öz Yayınları. p. 325.
- ↑ Ali Kemal Meram (1977). Padişah anaları: resimli belgesel tarih romanı. p. 355.
İkinci Mustafa'nın (Şehsuvar Sultan) takma adlı câriyesi Sırp kızı Mari'den doğan oğlu Üçüncü Osman ve yeni Pâdişâh anaları (1754-1757)
- ↑ Günseli İnal, Semiramis Arşivi (2005). Semiramis: Sultan'ın gözünden şenlik. p. 27.
Osman'in annesi Sirp Mari yani §ehsiivar Sultan
- ↑ E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. 1987. pp. 1117–. ISBN 90-04-08265-4.
- ↑ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 410, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ↑ "Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 505, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ↑ "Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, p. 519, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ↑ Harun Açba (2007). Kadın efendiler: 1839-1924. Profil. p. ?. ISBN 978-975-996-109-1.
- ↑ "Sultan VI. Mehmed Vahdettin Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 535, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
