List of military tactics

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This page contains a list of military tactics.

General tactics

• Exploiting prevailing weather – the tactical use of weather as a force multiplier has influenced many important battles throughout history, such as the Battle of Waterloo^[1]
• Fire attacks – reconnaissance by fire is used by apprehensive soldiers when they suspect the enemy is nearby
• Force concentration – the practice of concentrating a military force against a portion of an enemy force^[2]
• Night combat – combat that takes place at night. It often requires more preparation than combat during daylight and can provide significant tactical advantages and disadvantages to both the attacker and defender^[3]
• Reconnaissance – a mission to obtain information by visual observation or other detection methods, about the activities and resources of the enemy or potential enemy, or about the meteorologic, hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular area.^[4]

Small unit tactics

The use of suppressive fire is a key part of modern small unit tactics

• Individual movement techniques
  • Fire and movement (also known as leapfrogging) – working in 'fire teams', one team attempts to suppress the enemy while the other moves either toward the enemy or to a more favourable position.
  • Basic drill – a standard drill that all individual soldiers are supposed to perform if they come under fire.
  • KISS – Keep It Simple Silly.
  • Contact drill
  • Immediate ambush drill
  • Counter ambush drill
• Hull-down (in armored warfare)
• Shoot-and-scoot
• Infiltration tactics
• Marching fire
  • Four Fs: find, fix, flank, finish
  • Overwatch
    • Bounding overwatch
  • Center peel
• Patrolling
  • Reconnaissance patrol
  • Fighting patrol
  • Standing patrol (OP/LP)
• Ambush
  • Linear ambush
  • L ambush
  • Area ambush
• Guerrilla

Offensive tactics

The cavalry charge is a quintessential offensive military tactic

• Charge
  • Highland charge
• Ambush
• Skirmish
• Trench raiding
• Peaceful penetration
• Rapid dominance
  • Blitzkrieg – a method of warfare whereby an attacking force is spearheaded by a dense concentration of armoured and motorized or mechanized infantry formations, and heavily backed up by close air support,^[5]
  • Carpet bombing – also known as saturation bombing, is a large aerial bombing done in a progressive manner to inflict damage in every part of a selected area of land.^[6]
  • Human wave attack
  • Shock tactics
  • Swarming (military)
• Planned attack
  • Use of supporting fire
  • Indirect fire support
  • Base of fire
  • Flying wedge (used by Alexander the Great)
  • Armoured spearhead
  • Encirclement
  • Hammer and anvil
  • Inverted wedge
  • The "refuse" (cavalry formation)
  • Frontal assault
  • Holding attack – to hold the enemy in position while other offensive or defensive activity takes place
  • Penetration or infiltration
  • Pincer movement – an army assaults an enemy by attacking two sides at opposite locations, often planning to cut off the enemy from retreat or additional support in preparation for annihilation.
  • Bull horn formation – an army assaults an enemy force by sending troops to the enemy's flanks and by attacking their front attacking three areas at once, often planning to cut off any retreat or support as well as confusing the enemy in preparation for annihilation.
  • Flanking maneuver
• Interdiction – severing or disrupting lines of communication and supply
  • Air interdiction
• Control MSR (main supply routes)
• Envelopment tactics
  • Circumvallation
  • Finnish motti tactics
  • Siege
  • Vertical envelopment
    • Airborne forces
    • Air mobile forces
• Rapid deployment
  • Capturing key points
  • Airborne operations
  • Air mobile operations
  • Amphibious operations
  • Motorized operations
  • Tank desant
  • Mechanized operations
  • Armored operations
  • Raiding – a small team is inserted deep behind enemy lines to capture a high value individual or destroy a vital enemy installation then extracted before the enemy can respond.
• Preemptive strike
• Disrupting communications
  • Electronic countermeasures
  • Radar jamming
  • Radio jamming

Defensive tactics

Defensive trenches were used commonly during World War I

• Basic principles
  • Defence in depth
  • Mutual support (e.g., by crossfire)
  • Phalanx formation
  • All round defence
• Fighting withdrawal
  • Reserved demolitions
  • Scorched earth
  • Booby traps
    • Minefields
  • Trench warfare
• Counter attack
  • Breakout
  • Counter battery fire
  • Rapid reaction force
• Delaying defence
  • Break contact
• Hedgehog defence
  • military bottleneck
• Pakfront
• Fortification
  • Field works (entrenchments)
    • Over head protection
    • Revetting
    • Sangars – in areas where the ground is too rocky for troops to dig in, they construct bullet resistant fighting positions by stacking stones.
    • Shell scrapes
    • Foxholes
    • Manholes
    • Spider holes
  • Strong points
• Use and improvement of terrain
  • High ground
  • Protection
  • Natural barriers – e.g., rivers
  • Obstacles and barriers – man made
    • Barbed wire
    • Anti-vehicle ditches
    • Anti-vehicle berms (knife edges)
• Multiple axis of movement

Deception

A mounted archer of the Ming Dynasty Army fires a parthian shot

• Deception and misdirection
  • Deception: Sun Tzu said that all war is based on deception back in the 4th century BC; a wise commander takes measures to let his opponent only react to the wrong circumstances. Diversionary attacks, feints, decoys; there are thousands of tricks that have been successfully used, and still have a role in the future.
    • Perfidy: Combatants tend to have assumptions and ideas of rules and fair practices in combat, but the ones who raise surrender flags to lure their attackers in the open, or who act as stretcher bearers to deceive their targets, tend to be especially disliked.
    • False flag: An ancient ruse de guerre – in the days of sail, it was permissible for a warship to fly the flag of an enemy power, so long as it properly hoisted its true colors before attacking. Wearing enemy uniforms and using enemy equipment to infiltrate or achieve surprise is also permissible though they can be punished as spies if caught behind enemy lines.
  • Military camouflage
  • Stealth technology
  • Disinformation
  • Feint or diversionary attacks
  • Reverse slope defence
  • Electronic warfare
  • Electronic countermeasures
    • Electronic counter-counter-measures
    • Radio silence – while traveling, a fleet will refrain from communicating by radio to avoid detection by enemy forces.
  • Force multiplication
• Use of surprise
  • Parthian shot
  • Hit-and-run tactics
  • Irregular warfare

See also

• Military strategy
• Tactical formation
• List of military strategies and concepts
• List of established military terms

References

External links

• http://www.military-sf.com/Tactics.htm