List of massacres in Yugoslavia

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The following is a list of 20th century massacres that have occurred in Yugoslavia (numbers may be approximate). Areas once part of Yugoslavia that are now parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Macedonia, and Montenegro; see the lists of massacres in those countries for more details.

World War II

Map of areas where massacres were committed by Chetniks (red), by the Ustaše (blue), by both Chetniks and the Ustaše (purple), by the Wehrmacht (black), and by the Partisans (orange). Larger marker sizes indicate larger massacres.

The Ustaše's largest genocidal massacres were carried out in Bosanska Krajina and in places in Croatia where Serbs constituted a large proportion of the population including Banija, Kordun, Lika, and northern Dalmatia. Chetnik massacres of the Bosniak population took place in eastern Bosnia which had been "relatively untouched" by the Ustaše until the spring of 1942. These massacres were not acts of revenge, but "an expression of the genocidal policy and ideology of the Chetnik movement."[1] The Partisans also perpetrated massacres, notably at Kulen Vakuf in September 1941.[2]

Name Date Location Deaths Perpetrator Description
Pančevo executions 21–22 April 1941 Pančevo 36 Wehrmacht Wehrmacht and Volksdeutsche executed 36 Serbs.[3]
Gudovac massacre 28 April 1941 Gudovac, near Bjelovar 184–196 Ustaše The Ustaše committed their first mass atrocity, killing between 184 and 196 male Serbs.[4][5][6]
Kosinj massacre 30 April 1941 Kosinj, Lika 600 Ustaše The Ustaše assembled Serb men, women and children and massacred them.[7]
Blagaj massacre April–May 1941 Blagaj 250 Ustaše The Ustaše massacred 250 Serb peasants at Blagaj near Slunj in the Kordun region.[4]
Veljun massacre 9 May 1941 Veljun, Kordun region 400 Ustaše The Ustaše killed 400 Serb peasants in their second mass atrocity after they came to power.[8]
Glina massacre 11–12 May 1941 Glina 260–300 Ustaše Serbs were herded into a church by Ustaše and killed by gunfire.[9][4]
Nevesinje massacre late May–June 1941 Nevesinje 173 Ustaše Serbs were tortured and then killed by the Ustaše.[4]
Ljubinje massacre early June 1941 Ljubinje, Herzegovina 140 Ustaše A group of Serbs were massacred by the Ustaše.[4]
Bileća massacre June 1941 Bileća, Herzegovina 600 Serb villagers Bosnian Serb villagers killed hundreds of Muslims in the district of Bileća.[10]
Korita massacre 3 June 1941 Korita 133–180 Ustaše Serbs were shot by the Ustaše then thrown into a pit called the Koritska Jama.[5][11][4]
Knin massacre 15 June 1941 Knin 60 Ustaše The Ustaše rounded up 60 Serbs in Knin and subsequently massacred them.[4]
Metković massacre 25 June 1941 Metković 280 Ustaše 280 Serbs were killed by the Ustaše after decree on the defense of the people and state is issued by the Independent State of Croatia on 17 April 1941.[12]
Čelebić massacre (1941) July 1941 Čelebić 104 Ustaše The Ustaše massacred 403 Serbs in Čelebić.
Grabovac massacre 24–25 July 1941 Grabovac, near Petrinja 1,200 Ustaše Serbs were massacred by the Ustaše.[13]
Ličko Petrovo Selo massacre 27 July 1941 Ličko Petrovo Selo 313 Ustaše Serbs were massacred by the Ustaše.[13]
Višegrad massacre (1941) July–August 1941 Višegrad 500 Serb villagers Bosnian Serb villagers killed 500 Muslims in and around Višegrad.[10]
Prebilovci massacre 4–6 August 1941 Prebilovci 650 Ustaše The Ustaše killed at least 650 Serbs in Prebilovci.[14]
Glina massacre (July 1941) 5 August 1941 Glina 1,200–2,000 Ustaše Serbs were massacred by the Ustaše.[15][13]
Bosanska Dubica massacre 20–21 August 1941 Bosanska Dubica c. 300 Ustaše Serbs were massacred by the Ustaše.[16]
Čitluk and Strigova massacres 22 August 1941 Čitluk and Strigova 26 Ustaše Serbs, mostly children, were massacred by the Ustaše.[17]
Novoselci massacre Early August 1941 Novoselci 31 Ustaše Imprisoned Serbs were massacred by the Ustaše.[16]
Zaklopača massacre August 1941 Srebrenica 81 Chetniks Chetniks under the command of Jezdimir Dangić barricaded a group of Muslims in a local mekteb (Muslim religious school) which was then set alight, killing eighty-one people.[18]
Otecac massacre 1941 Otecac 331 Ustaše Serbs were killed by the Ustaše.[19]
Kulen Vakuf massacre 5–8 September 1941 Kulen Vakuf 1,600+ Partisan Drvar Brigade Muslim men, women and children were killed by Partisans and local peasants.[2]
Jošan massacre 1941 Jošan 338 Ustaše Serbs were massacred by the Ustaše.[20]
Javor massacre 1941 Javor 100+ Ustaše Hundreds of Serbs were massacred in Javor, near Srebrenica and Ozren.[21]
Kraljevo massacre mid-October 1941 Kraljevo 1,755 Wehrmacht The Wehrmacht killed several thousand civilians in a series of reprisal shootings[22]
Kragujevac massacre 20–21 October 1941 Kragujevac 2,500 Wehrmacht Several thousands civilians were killed by the Wehrmacht[22]
Goražde massacre 29 November 1941 Goražde 300+ Chetniks Several hundred Bosnian Muslims were killed by the Chetniks and their bodies were left hanging in the town or thrown into the Drina river.[23]
Visuć massacre 1941 Visuć 85 Ustaše Serbs were massacred.[24]
Foča massacre (1941) 5 December 1941 Foča 500 Chetniks Chetniks received the town of Foča from the Italians and proceeded to massacre around five hundred Bosnian Muslims.[25]
Žepa massacre late 1941 Žepa 300 Chetniks The Chetniks killed 300 residents of the town.[26]
Čelebić massacre (1942) January 1942 Čelebić 54 Chetniks The Chetniks killed 54 Bosnian Muslims and torched the village.[26]
Srebrenica massacre January 1942 Srebrenica 1,000 Chetniks The Chetniks killed around a thousand Bosnian Muslim civilians in the town and in nearby villages.[27]
Višegrad massacre (1942) January 1942 Višegrad 1,000+ Chetniks The Chetniks killed the civilians of the town with deaths reportedly in the thousands.[26]
Battle of Dražgoše 11–12 January 1942 Dražgoše 41 Wehrmacht The Wehrmacht executed 41 civilian hostages in the village[28]
Draksenić massacre 13–15 January 1942 Draksenić c. 360 Ustaše Serbs, mostly women and children, were massacred by the Ustaše and Home Guard.[29]
Pljeva massacre February 1942 Pljeva, Central Bosnia 41 Partisans Partisans massacred 41 captured Croatian Home Guards[30]
Piskavica and Ivanjska massacre 5, 12 February 1942 Piskavica and Ivanjska 520 Ustaše Ustaše massacred 520 Serb civilians.[31]
Drakulić massacre 7 February 1942 Drakulić, Šargovac, Motike 2315 Ustaše Ustaše massacred a total of 2315 Serb civilians.[32]
Drakan massacre 3 March 1942 Drakan 42 Chetniks The Chetniks burned 42 Bosnian Muslim villagers to death.[27]
Foča massacre (1942) August 1942 Foča 2,000 Chetniks The Chetniks carried out further massacres of Muslims in the area of Foča in August 1942, killing as many as 2,000.[33]
Gata massacre 1 October 1942 Gata 100+ Chetniks The Chetniks killed civilians for their pro-Yugoslav Partisan sympathies and for the destruction of the Split-Omiš road.[34]
Operation Alfa 14–15 October 1942 Prozor 543 Chetniks The Chetniks killed Croat and Bosnian Muslim civilians under the suspicion that they harbored and aided the Yugoslav Partisans.[34]
Andrijevica massacre July 1944 Andrijevica 400+ SS Skanderbeg Albanian Waffen-SS units killed more than 400 Orthodox Christian civilians.[35]
Hrvatska Dubica massacre 18–19 September 1944 Hrvatska Dubica c. 55 Ustaše Mostly Serb victims.
Daksa massacre October, 1944 Daksa 35 Partisans The Partisans executed a group of Croatian prisoners[36]
Kozara massacres 17–22 February 1945 Hrvatska Dubica 140+ Ustaše Mostly Serb victims.
Jakljan massacre May, 1945 Jakljan 214 Partisans German prisoners were executed by the Partisans[37]
Kočevski Rog massacre Late May, 1945 Kočevski Rog Partisans Members of the Slovene Home Guard and their families were executed by the Partisans.
Barbara Pit May – September 1945 Huda Jama 726 Partisans

FR Yugoslavia

Name Date Location Deaths Notes
Ćuška massacre 14 May 1999 Cuska (near Peć) 41
Drenica massacres Feb–March 1998
March–June 1999		 Drenica 83
Izbica massacre 28 March 1999 Izbica 89–146
Ljubenić massacres 25 May 1998 and 1 April 1999 Ljubenić c. 74
Operation Račak 15 January 1999 Račak, Kosovo, FR Yugoslavia 40–45
Podujevo massacre 28 March 1999 Podujevo 14

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Hoare 2006, p. 143.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hoare 2006, pp. 106–108.
  3. ↑ Spasović, Ivana (2012). Страдања у Панчеву и Јабуци за време Другог светског рата [Suffering in Pančevo and Jabuka During the Second World War]. Pančevo: Istorijski arhiv. ISBN 978-86-83347-96-4.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Hoare 2006, p. 22.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Tomasevich 2001, p. 398.
  6. ↑ Ramet 2006, p. 119.
  7. ↑ Paris 1961, p. 60.
  8. ↑ Goldstein 2007, p. 22.
  9. ↑ Tomasevich 2001, p. 536.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Malcolm 1994, p. 176.
  11. ↑ Paris 1961, p. 82.
  12. ↑ Ramet 2006, p. 120.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Hoare 2006, p. 23.
  14. ↑ Vojinovic, Novica (1991). Srpske Jame u Prebilovcima. Genocid hrvatskih kleroustaša nad Srbima u Hercegovini (in Serbo-Croatian). Titograd.
  15. ↑ Judah 2000, p. 127.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Момчило Ракић,"У усташком затвору у Босанској Дубици", Козара, I, Београд, 1971, стр. I/151-157.
  17. ↑ Самарџија, Душан Д. (1984). Босанскодубичко подручје у НОР-у и социјалистичкој револуцији 1941-1945. Босанска Дубица. pp. 102–103.
  18. ↑ Toljaga 18 November 2010.
  19. ↑ Paris 1961, p. 59.
  20. ↑ Ђуро Затезало, Радио сам свој сељачки и ковачки посао: Свједочанства о геноциду, Загреб, 2005. стр. 356.
  21. ↑ Paris 1961, p. 104.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Tomasevich 1975, p. 146.
  23. ↑ Hoare 2006, p. 145.
  24. ↑ Гојко Везмар, "Уз попис палих бораца, жртава фашистичког терора и умрлих од тифуса на подручју опћине Титова Кореница", Котар Кореница и котар Удбина у НОР-у и социјалистичкој изградњи, Карловац, 1979. стр. 965-990.
  25. ↑ Hoare 2006, pp. 145–146.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Hoare 2006, p. 146.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Hoare 2006, p. 147.
  28. ↑ Corsellis & Ferrar 2006, p. 33.
  29. ↑ Душан Тороман: Покољ у цркви у Драксенићу, књ. 1, 1981, стр. 878-884
  30. ↑ Hoare 2013, p. 96–97.
  31. ↑ Lukajić 2005.
  32. ↑ Lukajić 2005, p. 420.
  33. ↑ Malcolm 1994, p. 188.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Tomasevich 2001, pp. 258–259.
  35. ↑ Morrison 2009, p. 65.
  36. ↑ Dubrovački vjesnik 19 June 2010.
  37. ↑ Slobodna Dalmacija 1 March 2013.

References

Books

Web