List of massacres in India

Not to be confused with Indian massacre.
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

A massacre is the general and unnecessary slaughter of members of one group by one or more members of another more powerful group. A massacre may be indiscriminate or highly methodical in application. A massacre is a single event, though it may occur during the course of an extended military campaign or war. A massacre is separate from a battle (an event in which opposing sides fight), but may follow in its immediate aftermath, when one side has surrendered or lost the ability to fight, yet the victors persist in killing their opponents.

Massacres

Name/Place Date Location Deaths Notes
Massacres after the battle of Panipat 1761 Panipat 40,000-70,000 Hindu Maratha[1][2] About 22,000 Hindu women and young children enslaved
Mangalore Christian massacre 1784-1799 Serirangapatanam, Karnataka 5,600[3] Persecution of Mangalore Catholic Christians by Tippu Sultan
Massacres by General Neill June–July 1857 Allahabad, Kanpur and surrounding areas Thousands of Indian mutineers, suspected rebels and civilians[4] The massacres at Allahabad took place before the Bibighar massacre; the ones at Kanpur after it
Satichaura Ghat massacre 27 June 1857 Kanpur Around 200 British men[5] Massacre by Nana Sahib's forces
Bibighar massacre 15 July 1857 Kanpur Around 200 British women and children[6] The victims were prisoners under Nana Sahib's forces. The massacre was carried out by a group of butchers, but who ordered it remains unclear.
    Jhokan Bagh massacre 8 June 1857 Jhansi European officers, their wives and children (60 Europeans) Some of the sepoys of the 12th Bengal Native Infantry were responsible for the massacre
    Jhansi massacre 3–4 April 1858 Jhansi Majority of the population, ~5,000 killed, after rebel city Jhansi was captured by British forces commanded by Sir Hugh Rose.[7] After the city was captured street fighting continued into the following day and no quarter was given, even to women and children. "No maudlin clemency was to mark the fall of the city" wrote Thomas Lowe.[8]
    Kuka(Namdhari) massacre at Malerkotla 17–18 January 1872 Malerkotla ~65 Kuka(Namdhari) Killed Mr. Cowan(the Deputy Commissioner of Ludhiana) and Mr.Forsyth(the Commissioner of Ambala) ordered the Namdharis to be blown away with guns, without any trial, on 17 and 18 January 1872 respectively.[9]
    Jallianwala Bagh massacre 13 April 1919 Amritsar 379-1,000 mostly Sikhs, some Muslims and Hindus British Police open fire on innocent group of people. 850 Sikhs dead, 50 Hindus, 100 muslim killed(rounded)
    Moplah Rebellion 1922 Malabar, Kerala 2,337-10,000 Hindus (1,00,000 Hindus permanently migrated. Khilafat Movement considered as main clause.
    Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre 23 April 1930 Peshawar 400-700 Hindu - Muslims By British Police
    Culcutta Riots 15 August-17 September 1946 West Bengal 5,000 to 10,000 killed. Majority Muslims.[10] Both Hindus and Muslims
    Noakhali riots September - October 1946 East Bengal now Bangladesh 5,000 Hindus dead Islamist extremist, who wanted Pakistan, attacked Hindus
    Bihar Massacre 30 October - 7 November 1946 Bihar 2,000-30,000 Muslims dead Hindus in reaction to Noakhali riots
    Garhmukteshwar Anti-Muslim Violence November 1946 United Provinces now Uttar Pradesh at least 214 Muslims died Hindu pilgrims as a part of countrywide Hindu-Muslim violence in 1946
    After 15 August 1947 (Independent India)
    Partition of India 1947 Punjab Estimated 1 million on both sides Massacre of Sikhs and Hindus by Muslims in West Punjab and of Muslims by Hindus in East Punjab
    Hyderabad massacre of 1948 1948 Hyderabad 27 - 40,000 Hindus killed.[11] Massacre by Muslims.[11]
    1969 Gujarat riots 1969 Gujarat 660 Hindu-Muslim riots; 430 Muslims killed
    Turkman gate demolition and rioting 1976 Delhi officially 6, unofficially 150 killed by police (nearly all Muslims)[12] Killing of Delhi residents who refused to move residence.
    Marichjhapi incident January 31, 1979 West Bengal Official figures 2, Hindustan Times quotes 50 to 1000 Killing of refugees who came from East Pakistan
    Moradabad riots 1980 Uttar Pradesh Officially 400; unofficial estimates as high as 2500.[13] Started as a Muslim-Police conflict; later turned into a Hindu-Muslim riot
    Mandai massacre 1980 Tripura 255-500 Bengali Hindu refugees[14]
    Nellie massacre 18 February 1983 Assam 2,191 Muslims
    Train Passenger massacre I (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 23 February 1984 Punjab 11 Hindus
    1984 anti-Sikh riots 31 October - 4 November 1984 Delhi 8,000-10,000 (nearly all Sikhs) Rioting by Indian National Congress Party members after Assassination of Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards
    Hondh-Chillar massacre (part of the 1984 anti-Sikh massacres) 2 November 1984 Hondh-Chillar, Haryana 32 Sikhs Rioting by Indian National Congress Party members after Assassination of Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards
    Desri Ground massacre (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 28 March 1986 Ludhiana, Punjab 13 Hindus
    Mallian massacre (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 29 March 1986 Jalandhar, Punjab 20 Hindu labourers
    Bus Passenger massacre III (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 25 July 1986 Mukatsar, Punjab 15 Hindus
    Bus Passenger massacre IV (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 30 November 1986 Khudda, Punjab 24 Hindus
    Hashimpura massacre 22 May 1987 Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 42 Muslims
    Bus Passenger massacre V (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) July 1987 Fatehbad, Haryana 80 Hindus
    Jagdev Kalan massacre(part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 6 August 1987 Punjab 13 Hindus
    Rajbah massacre (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 31 March 1988 Punjab 18 Hindus belonging to 1 family
    Bhagalpur riots October 1989 Bhagalpur, Bihar 1,070 mostly Muslims More than 50,000 Muslims were displaced from their ancestral homes.
    Ethnic cleansing of Hindu Pandits 1990s Kashmir 219-399 Hindus 140,000 to 192,000 Hindus were forced to abandon their ancestral land.[15][15][16]
    Gawakadal massacre 20 January 1990 Srinagar, Kashmir 35 Muslims Firing on procession by Indian CRPF
    Rajbah massacre (part of the terrorist incidents in Punjab) 31 March 1988 Punjab 18 Hindus belonging to 1 family
    Train Passenger massacre II (part of the 1991 Punjab killings) 15 June 1988 Ludhiana, Punjab 80 ( mostly Hindus)
    Train Passenger massacre III (part of the 1991 Punjab killings) December 1988 Ludhiana, Punjab 49 ( mostly Hindus)
    Gawakadal massacre January 20, 1990 Jammu and Kashmir 575 Muslims, 275 Hindus, 45 unknown and 5 others
    Bombay Riots December 1992 - January 1993 Srinagar 50 Muslims Firing by Indian Army
    Sopore massacre 6 January 1993 Sopore, Kashmir 55 Muslims Firing on procession by Indian BSF
    Bijbehara Massacre October 22, 1993 Bijbehara, Kashmir 55 Muslims Firing by Indian Army
    1997 Laxmanpur Bathe massacre 1 December 1997 Arwal district, Bihar 58 Upper caste Ranvir Sena enter village at night and kill 58 Dalits
    1998 Wandhama massacre 25 January 1998 Wandhama, Jammu and Kashmir 23 Hindus Muslim Terrorist groups
    1998 Prankote massacre 17 April 1998 Jammu and Kashmir 26 Hindus
    1998 Chapnari massacre 19 June 1998 Chapnari, Jammu and Kashmir 25 Hindus Muslim Terrorist groups
    1998 Chamba massacre 3 August 1998 Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh 35 Hindus Communal Riots
    Chittisinghpura massacre 20 March 2000 Chittisinghpura, Anantnag district, Jammu and Kashmir 36 Sikhs Muslim Terrorist groups
    Gourangatilla massacre[17] 2000 Tripura 16 non-tribal Hindus By Christian extremist. Part of Christian terrorism in Tripura
    Bagber massacre[17] 20 May 2000 Tripura 25 non-tribal Hindus By Christian extremist. Part of Christian terrorism in Tripura
    Tripura Tribal massacre (Part of Christian terrorism in Tripura) 1999-2000 Tripura 20 tribal Hindus Includes murder of tribal Hindu spiritual leader Shanti Kali,[18] and Hindu religious leader Labh Kumar Jamatia.[19]
    Nanoor massacre 27 July 2000 West Bengal 11 labourers
    2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre 1 August 2000 Jammu and Kashmir 30 (Hindu pilgrims) Muslim Terrorist groups
    2001 Kishtwar massacre 3 August 2001 Jammu and Kashmir 19 Hindus Muslim Terrorist groups
    Hindu passengers burnt alive in a train fire.[20][21] Unclear whether fire was intentional.
    2002 Gujarat violence 28 February 2002 Ahmedabad 790 Muslims and 254 Hindus were killed. Communal Violence
    Gulbarg Society massacre (part of the 2002 Gujarat violence) 28 February 2002 Ahmedabad 69 (mostly Muslim)(21 were Hindus)
    Naroda Patiya massacre (part of the 2002 Gujarat violence) 28 February 2002 Naroda, Ahmedabad 97 Muslims[22][23] Riots between Hindus and Muslims after Sabarmati Express is set afire at Godhra railway station by Muslims[24] The muslim perpterators have been convicted 11 to be hung and 21 fr life. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhra_train_burning
    Raghunath Hindu temple massacre I (part of 2002 Raghunath temple attacks) 30 March 2002 Jammu & Kashmir 11 Hindus killed, 20 injured (Hindu devotees) Muslim Terrorist groups
    2002 Qasim Nagar massacre 13 July 2002 Jammu and Kashmir 29 Hindus killed Terror Attack
    Akshardham Temple attack 24 September 2002 Gujarat 29 killed, 79 injured (Hindu devotees) Muslim Terrorist groups
    Raghunath Hindu temple massacre II (part of 2002 Raghunath temple attacks) 24 November 2002 Jammu & Kashmir 14 killed, 45 injured (mostly Muslim devotees) Muslim Terrorist groups
    2003 Nadimarg Massacre 23 March 2002 Jammu and Kashmir 24 Hindus Muslim Terrorist groups
    2002 Kaluchak massacre 14 May 2002 Jammu and Kashmir 31 Muslim Terrorist groups attack Tourist bus and Army's family quarter attacked.
    Marad Massacre May 2003 Kerala 8 killed, 58 injured - All Hindu Fishermen Planned Attack by Muslim Group.
    2006 Varanasi bombings March 2006 Uttar Pradesh 28 killed, 101 injured -Devotees of Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple targeted Terrorist attack Hindu temple.
    2006 Doda massacre 30 April 2006 Jammu & Kashmir 35 Hindus Muslim Terrorist groups
    Tumudibandh massacre (part of the Murder of Swami Lakshmanananda) August 2008 Orissa 5 Hindus By Christian extremists
    Kandhamal riots August 2008 Orissa 42[25]
    Mumbai massacre 26 November 2008 Mumbai 164 11 coordinated attacks by Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists; casualties include people of various nationalities, and Israeli victims were reportedly tortured before being killed.
    2010 Dantewada bus bombing 17 May 2010 Chhattisgarh 76 Maoist terrorist attacked civilian bus
    2010 Deganga riots 6 September 2010 North 24 Parganas district, West Bengal Attack on Hindu by Muslim mobs led by Haji Nurul Islam 23 houses ransacked,250 shops had been looted during the several days of rioting,while 50 houses had been burned and 5 temples desecrated.
    2012 Assam violence July 2012 Assam 77 deaths Communal violence between Bodos (Tribal, Christian & Hindu faith) and Muslims
    2013 Canning riots 21 February 2013 Canning subdivision, West Bengal Attack on Hindu by Muslim mobs burned down over 200 Hindu homes & 24 Hindu-owned shops were looted after a Muslim cleric was killed by unidentified assailants.
    2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley 25 May 2013 Chhattisgarh 28 28 people from a Congress Party motorcade
    2013 Muzaffarnagar riots 25 August 2013 - 17 September 2013 Muzaffarnagar district, Uttar Pradesh 42 Muslims and 20 Hindus killed and 93 injured Double murder of two Hindu boys triggered communal riot between Hindu Jats & Muslim Jatavs.

    See also

    References

    1. ↑ T. S. Shejwalkar, Panipat 1761 (in Marathi and English) (Deccan College Monograph Series. I), Pune (1946)
    2. ↑ James Grant Duff History of the Mahrattas, Vol II (Ch. 5), Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1826"
    3. ↑ Prabhu, Alan Machado (1999). Sarasvati's Children: A History of the Mangalorean Christians. I.J.A. Publications. ISBN 978-81-86778-25-8. An article based on the book: Sarasvati's Children by Joe Lobo.
    4. ↑ Heather Streets (2004). Martial Races: The Military, Race and Masculinity in British Imperial Culture, 1857-1914. Manchester University Press. pp. 39–. ISBN 978-0-7190-6962-8. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
    5. ↑ Alex Tickell (17 June 2013). Terrorism, Insurgency and Indian-English Literature, 1830-1947. Routledge. p. 69. ISBN 978-1-136-61841-3. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
    6. ↑ Michael Gorra (15 April 2008). After Empire: Scott, Naipaul, Rushdie. University of Chicago Press. pp. 21–. ISBN 978-0-226-30476-2. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
    7. ↑ Edwardes (1975) Red Year. London: Sphere Books; p. 122
    8. ↑ Edwardes, Michael (1975) Red Year. London: Sphere Books, pp. 120-21
    9. ↑ Rebels Against the British Rule (1995). Bhai Nahar Singh & Bhai Kirpal Singh. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors; Page XXI
    10. ↑ http://www.massviolence.org/the-calcutta-riots-of-1946#outil_sommaire_1| CASE STUDY:The Calcutta Riots of 1946
    11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Thomson, Mike (2013-09-24). "India's hidden massacre". BBC. Retrieved 2013-09-26.
    12. ↑ India Since Independence: Making Sense of Indian Politics ISBN 9788131725672
    13. ↑ Satish Saberwal, Mushirul Hasan (1991). "14. Moradabad Riots, 1980: Causes and Meanings". In Asgharali Engineer. Communal riots in post-independence India. Universities Press. pp. 209–227. ISBN 978-81-7370-102-3. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
    14. ↑ "350 Bengalis Are Massacred in Indian Village". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. June 16, 1980. Retrieved July 15, 2012.
    15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 U S Congress Bill
    16. ↑ 399 Pandits killed since 1990
    17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 19 Killed in Tripura Massacre Rerun
    18. ↑ "Hindu preacher killed by Tripura rebels". BBC News. 2000-08-28.
    19. ↑ "Tripura tribal leader killed". BBC News. 2000-12-27.
    20. ↑ "South Asia | Gujarat riot death toll revealed". BBC News. 2005-05-11. Retrieved 2014-02-02.
    21. ↑ "Times Of India". Retrieved 11 September 2012.
    22. ↑ "Ex-BJP Minister among 32 convicted of Naroda-Patiya massacre". The Hindu. August 29, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
    23. ↑ "Naroda Patiya massacre: BJP MLA Maya Kodnani, Bajrang Dal leader Babu Bajrangi and 30 others convicted". CNN-IBN. Aug 29, 2012.
    24. ↑ "Godhra verdict: 31 convicted in Sabarmati Express burning case - Times Of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 2014-02-02.
    25. ↑ "Kandhamal riots probe Commission issues notice to former DGP`s". Zeenews.india.com. Retrieved 2014-02-02.