List of extinct cetaceans

Cetaceans
Temporal range: Early Eocene - Recent
A skull of Basilosaurus cetoides.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Cetacea
Brisson, 1762

The list of extinct cetaceans features the extinct genera and species of the order Cetacea. The cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises) are descendants of land-living mammals, the even-toed ungulates. The earliest cetaceans were still hoofed-mammals. These early cetaceans became gradually better adapted for swimming than for walking on land, finally evolving into fully marine cetaceans.

This list currently includes only fossil genera and species. However, the Atlantic population of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) went extinct in the 18th century, and the Baiji (or Chinese River Dolphin, Lipotes vexillifer) was declared "functionally extinct" after an expedition in late 2006 failed to find any in the Yangtze River.

Suborder Archaeoceti

Family Ambulocetidae

(Eocene)

Dorudon

Family Basilosauridae

(Late Eocene)

Basilosaurus cetoides reconstruction

Family Kekenodontidae

(Oligocene)

Family Pakicetidae

(Early to Middle Eocene)

Ambulocetus skeleton in front and Pakicetus behind

Family Protocetidae

(Eocene)

Rhodocetus kasrani reconstruction

Family Remingtonocetidae

(Eocene)

Suborder Mysticeti

Family Aetiocetidae

(Oligocene)

Aetiocetus restoration

Family Llanocetidae

(Late Eocene)

Family Mammalodontidae

(jr synonym Janjucetidae)

Janjucetus hunderi

(Late Oligocene)

Clade Chaeomysticeti

Superfamily Eomysticetoidea

Family Cetotheriopsidae

(Oligocene to Miocene)

Family Eomysticetidae

(Oligocene)

Superfamily Balaenoidea

Family Balaenidae

(Oligocene to Recent)

Family Neobalaenidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Clade Thalassotherii

Family Cetotheriidae

(Miocene - Recent)

Classification follows Steeman, 2007.[5]

Cetotherium restoration
Superfamiliy Balaenopteroidea
Eobalaenoptera skeleton
Family Aglaocetidae

(Miocene to Pliocene)

Family Balaenopteridae

(Oligocene to Recent)

Family Diorocetidae

(Miocene to Pliocene)

Family Eschrichtiidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family Pelocetidae

(Miocene)

Family incertae sedis

Suborder Odontoceti

Basal forms

Family Agorophiidae

(Late Oligocene)

Family Ashleycetidae

(Early Oligocene)

Family Mirocetidae

(Early Oligocene)

Family Patriocetidae

(Oligocene to Early Miocene)

Family Simocetidae

(Late Oligocene)

Family Xenorophidae

(Oligocene)

Superfamily Squalodontoidea

Family Prosqualodontidae

(Oligocene to Miocene)

Family Squalodontidae

(Oligocene to Pliocene)

Family Waipatiidae

(Oligocene)

Superfamily Physeteroidea

Family Kogiidae

(Miocene to recent)

Family Physeteridae

Family incertae sedis

Superfamily "Eurhinodelphinoidea"

Family Argyrocetidae

(Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)

Family Eoplatanistidae

(Miocene)

Family Eurhinodelphinidae

(Mid Miocene to Pliocene)

Macrodelphinus & Eurhinodelphis

Superfamily Platanistoidea

Family Allodelphinidae

(Early to Middle Miocene)

Family Dalpiazinidae

(Late Oligocene to Miocene)

Family Platanistidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family Squalodelphinidae

(Early to Late Miocene)

Superfamily Ziphioidea

Family Squaloziphiidae

(Early Miocene)

Family Ziphiidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Classification after Bianucci et al. 2013[18]

Clade Delphinida

Superfamily Delphinoidea

Family Albireonidae

(Miocene to Pliocene)

Family Delphinidae
Etruridelphis giulii

(Oligocene to Recent)

Family Kentriodontidae

(Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene)

Kentriodon reconstruction
Family Monodontidae

(Miocene to Pliocene)

Family Odobenocetopsidae

(Pliocene)

Odobenocetops reconstruction
Family Phocoenidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family incertae sedis

Superfamily Inioidea

Family Iniidae
Family Pontoporiidae

(Middle Miocene to Recent)

Superfamily Lipotoidea

Family Lipotidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family incertae sedis

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57499/1/Vol%2031%20No%2013%20final%2012-19-07.pdf
  2. ↑ Gingerich, P.D. et al. 2001. Origin of Whales from Early Artiodactyls: Hands and Feet of Eocene Protocetidae from Pakistan. (19 September 2001). Science doi:10.1126/science.1063902.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sunil Bajpai and J.G.M. Thewissen (2014). "Protocetid cetaceans (Mammalia) from the Eocene of India". Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (3): Article number 17.3.34A.
  4. ↑ Philip D. Gingerich and Henri Cappetta (2014). "A New Archaeocete and Other Marine Mammals (Cetacea and Sirenia) from Lower Middle Eocene Phosphate Deposits of Togo". Journal of Paleontology 88 (1): 109–129. doi:10.1666/13-040.
  5. ↑ M. E. Steeman (2007). "Cladistic analysis and a revised classification of fossil and recent mysticetes". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150 (4): 875–894. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00313.x.
  6. ↑ M. Bisconti. 2014. Anatomy of a new cetotheriid genus and species from the Miocene of Herentals, Belgium, and the phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical relationships of Cetotheriidae s.s. (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
  7. ↑ Otsuka, H.; Ota, Y. (2008). "Cetotheres from the early Middle Miocene Bihoku Group in Shobara District, Hiroshima Prefecture, West Japan". Miscellaneous Reports of the Hiwa Museum for Natural History 49 (2): 1–66.
  8. ↑ Kimura, T.; Hasegawa, Y. (2010). "A new baleen whale (Mysticeti: Cetotheriidae) from the earliest late Miocene of Japan and a reconsideration of the phylogeny of cetotheres.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (2): 577–591. doi:10.1080/02724631003621912.
  9. ↑ Kellogg, R. (1934). "A new cetothere from the Modelo Formation at Los Angeles, California.". Carnegie Institution of Washington 447: 83–104.
  10. ↑ Bouetel, V.; Muizon, C. de (2006). pdf "The anatomy and relationships of Piscobalaena nana (Cetacea, Mysticeti), a Cetotheriidae s.s. from the early Pliocene of Peru." (PDF). Geodiversitas 28 (2): 319–395.
  11. ↑ Bisconti, M. (2006). "Titanocetus, a new baleen whale from the middle Miocene of northern Italy (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti).". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 (2): 344–354. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[344:tanbwf]2.0.co;2. JSTOR 4524574.
  12. ↑ K. K. Tarasenko (2014). "Novye rody usatykh kitov (Cetacea, Mammalia) iz miotsena Severnogo Kavkaza i Predkavkaz'ya. 3. Zygiocetus gen. nov. (srednii sarmat, Adygeya)". Paleontological Journal 48 (5).
  13. ↑ Robert W. Boessenecker (2013). "A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans". Geodiversitas 35 (4): 815–940. doi:10.5252/g2013n4a5.
  14. ↑ Fitzgerald, E.M.G. 2004. A review of the Tertiary fossil Cetacea (Mammalia) localities in Australia. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 183-208.
  15. ↑ Yoshihiro Tanaka and R. Ewan Fordyce (2014). "Fossil Dolphin Otekaikea marplesi (Latest Oligocene, New Zealand) Expands the Morphological and Taxonomic Diversity of Oligocene Cetaceans". PLoS ONE 9 (9): e107972. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107972.
  16. ↑ Lambert, O., G. Bianucci, K. Post, C. de Muizon, R. Salas-Gismondi, M. Urbina & J. Reumer. (2010). The giant bite of a new raptorial sperm whale from the Miocene epoch of Peru. Nature 466: 105–108. doi:10.1038/nature09067
  17. ↑ Olivier Lambert, Giovanni Bianucci, Mario Urbina, 2014. Huaridelphis raimondii, a new early Miocene Squalodelphinidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the Chilcatay Formation, Peru. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (5):987-1004.
  18. ↑ O. Lambert, C. Muizon, and G. Bianucci. 2013. The most basal beaked whale Ninoziphius platyrostris Muizon, 1983: clues on the evolutionary history of the family Ziphiidae (Cetacea: Odontoceti). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 167:569-598
  19. ↑ Klaas Post & Erwin J.O. Kompanje (2010). "A new dolphin (Cetacea, Delphinidae) from the Plio-Pleistocene of the North Sea". Deinsea 14: 1–13. ISSN 0923-9308.
  20. ↑ Giovanni Bianucci (2013). "Septidelphis morii, n. gen. et sp., from the Pliocene of Italy: new evidence of the explosive radiation of true dolphins (Odontoceti, Delphinidae)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 (3): 722–740. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.744757.
  21. ↑ Rachel A. Racicot, Thomas A. Deméré, Brian L. Beatty, Robert W. Boessenecker. Unique Feeding Morphology in a New Prognathous Extinct Porpoise from the Pliocene of California. Current Biology, 13 March 2014 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.02.031
  22. ↑ Gabriel Aguirre-Fernández and R. Ewan Fordyce (2014). "Papahu taitapu, gen. et sp. nov., an early Miocene stem odontocete (Cetacea) from New Zealand". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (1): 195–210. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.799069.

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