List of domesticated animals

This page is a list of domestic animals,^[1] and also includes a list of animals which are or may be undergoing the process of domestication and/or have an extensive relationship with humans beyond simple predation. This includes species which are semi-domesticated, undomesticated but captive-bred on a commercial scale, or commonly wild-caught, at least occasionally captive-bred, and tameable. In order to be considered fully domesticated, most species have undergone significant genetic behavioural and/or morphological changes from their wild ancestors; while others are little-changed from their wild ancestors despite hundreds or thousands of years of potential selective breeding. There is not always a desire to improve a species from its wild form, and a number of factors determine how quickly any changes may occur. The process of domestication is gradual, and there is no precise moment in history when a particular species can be considered to have become fully domesticated.

To correctly sort the tables chronologically by date of domestication, refresh your browser window, as clicking the Date column heading will mix AD and BC dates.

Domestic animals

Species and subspecies	Wild ancestor	Date	Location of origin	Purpose	Image	Degree and type of domestication	Extent in wild vs captivity	Taxon group
Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)	Gray wolf (Canis lupus)	between 30,000 BC and 15,000 BC[2][3]	Eurasia	Pets, hunting, herding, guarding, pest control, transportation, draft, working, show, racing, sport, rescuing, guiding, servicing, fighting, meat, research		tame; significant physical and behavioral changes	Very common in captivity, wild relatives are much less common, though not rare. Feral dogs abundant	1c Carnivora
Sheep (Ovis aries)	Mouflon (Ovis orientalis)	between 11,000 BC and 9000 BC[4][5]	Southwest Asia(Iran)	fibre, meat, milk, leather, pelt, vellum, pets, show, racing, research, guarding, fighting, ornamental		Some physical changes	Common in captivity, threatened in the wild	1b Bovidae
Domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)	Wild boar (Sus scrofa)	9000 BC[6]	Near East, China	meat, leather, research, show, racing, fighting, truffles, pets		Some physical changes	Common in the wild. Much more common in captivity. Feral animals common in some areas.	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus)	Bezoar ibex (Capra aegagrus)	8000 BC[7]	Iran	milk, meat, fibre, skin, show, racing, fighting, clearing land, pets		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity, threatened in wild, feral goats common	1b Bovidae
Cattle (Bos primigenius taurus)	Aurochs (Bos primigenius) (extinct)	8000 BC[8]	Europe, Asia and North Africa	meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, pets		Some physical changes	Very common in captivity, wild relatives extinct, feral cattle fairly common	1b Bovidae
Zebu (Bos primigenius indicus)	Aurochs (Bos primigenius) (extinct)	8000 BC	India	meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, racing		Considerable physical changes	Wild relatives extinct, rare in captivity	1b Bovidae
Cat (Felis silvestris catus)	African wildcat (Felis silvestris lybica)	8000 BC to 7500 BC[9][10][11][12]	Near East	pets, pest control, show, pelt, research		Tame, some physical changes	Very abundant in captivity, true wildcats less abundant though not rare. Feral populations very common.	1c Carnivora
Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)	Red junglefowl (Gallus gallus)	6000 BC[13]	India and Southeast Asia	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, show, racing, ornamental, fighting, pets		Some physical changes	Very common in captivity and the wild	2b Galliformes
Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)	Montane guinea pig (Cavia tschudii)	5000 BC[14]	Peru	pets, meat, show, racing, research		Tame, slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity and the wild	1d Rodentia
Donkey (Equus africanus asinus)	African wild ass (Equus africanus)	5000 BC[15][16]	Egypt	transportation, working, plowing, draft, mount, meat, milk, pets, racing, guarding		Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity and as feral animals, wild animals critically endangered,	1e Other mammals
Domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)	Mallard duck (Anas platyrhnchos)	4000 BC	China	meat, feathers, eggs, pets, show, racing, ornamental		Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity, but more abundant in the wild	2a Anseriformes
Water buffalo, including "river buffalo" (Bubalus bubalis) and "swamp buffalo" (Bubalus bubalis carabenesis)	Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee)	4000 BC	India, China	working, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, meat, show, racing, milk		Mainly unchanged from wild animal	Somewhat rare in captivity, endangered in the wild	1b Bovidae
Horse (Equus ferus caballus)	Wild horse (Equus ferus)	4000 BC[17]	Eurasian Steppes	transportation, meat, working, guiding, servicing, hunting, execution, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, show, racing, milk, pets		Tame, some physical changes mainly in coloration	Common in captivity, very rare in wild, feral populations common	1e Other mammals
Domestic dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)	Wild dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)	4000 BC	Arabia	transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, show, racing, fighting, milk, meat		Tame, few physical changes	Moderately common in captivity, small feral population in original range, significant feral population in Australia, true wild dromedaries may be extinct	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Domestic silkmoth (Bombyx mori)	Wild silkmoth (Bombyx mandarina)	3000 BC	China	silk, animal feed, pets, meat		Tame/held captive, some physical changes	Fairly common in captivity, wild extent unclear	6b Other Insects
Domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica)	Rock pigeon (Columba livia)	3000 BC	Mediterranean Basin	show, ornamental, messenger, meat, racing, pets		Artificially selected into many varieties, including meat breeds, racing/messenger breeds, and fancy plumage breeds	Relatively common in captivity, very common in the wild, feral pigeons extremely abundant	2c Columbiformes
Domestic goose (Anser anser domesticus)	Greylag goose (Anser anser) and swan goose (A. cygnoides)	3000 BC for A. anser, date uncertain for A. cygnoides	Egypt (A. anser), China (A. cygnoides)	meat, feathers, eggs, show, guarding, pets		Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity and the wild	2a Anseriformes
Yak (Bos grunniens)	Wild yak (Bos mutus)	2500 BC	Tibet, Nepal	milk, transportation, working, plowing, mount, racing, fighting, meat, fibre		Tame, slight physical changes		1b Bovidae
Domestic Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus)	Wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus)	2500 BC	Central Asia	milk, transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, show, racing, meat, hair		Tame, few physical changes	Moderately common in captivity, critically endangered in the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Llama (Lama glama)	Guanaco (Lama guanicoe)	2400 BC[18]	Peru	transportation, working, draft, pack, meat, show, racing, pets, guarding		Slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)	Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna)	2400 BC[18]	Peru	fibre, meat, show, pets		Considerable physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Domestic guineafowl (Numida meleagris)	Helmeted guineafowl (Numida melegris)	2400 BC[19]	Africa	meat, eggs, pest control, show, alarming, pets		Mainly unaltered from wild population	Somewhat common in captivity and in the wild	2b Galliformes
Ferret (Mustela putorius furo)	European polecat (Mustela putorius)	1500 BC[20]	Europe	pets, hunting, pest control, show, racing		Tame, slight physical changes	Common in captivity, somewhat common in the wild. Feral ferrets rare	1c Carnivora
Fancy mouse	House mouse (Mus musculus)	1100 BC	China	pets, research, racing, animal feed		Tame, significant physical changes	Common in captivity and in the wild	1d Rodentia
Ringneck dove (Streptopelia risoria)	African collared dove (streptopelia roseogrisea)	500 BC	North Africa	show, pets		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity and the wild	2c Columbiformes
Bali cattle (Bos javanicus domestica)	Banteng (Bos javanicus)	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia, Java	meat, milk, show, racing, working, plowing, draft		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity, endangered in the wild	1b Bovidae
Gayal (Bos frontalis)	Gaur (Bos gaurus)	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia	meat		Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity, threatened in the wild	1b Bovidae
Domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)	Wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)	180 AD[18]	Mexico, United States	meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets		Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity and wild	2b Galliformes
Goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus)	Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio)	300 AD to 400 AD	China	pets, show, racing, ornamental		Tame/held captive, significant physical changes	Very common and abundant in captivity, wild extent is unclear	5a Cyprinidae
Domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)	European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)	600 AD[21]	Europe	meat, pelt, fibre, pets, show, racing, research		Tame, significant physical changes	Common in captivity, rare in native habitat, common in introduced range	1e Other mammals
Domestic canary (Serinus canaria domestica)	Atlantic canary (Serinus canaria)	15th century AD	Canary Islands, Europe	pets, research, show, mining, fighting		Slight physical changes	Common in captivity and wild	2d Passeriformes
Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens)	Uncertain species of the genus Betta	19th century AD	Thailand	fighting, pets		Tame/held captive, very significant physical and slight behavioral changes		5b Other fish
Fancy rat and Lab rat	Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus)	10th century AD	United Kingdom	pets, research, show		Tame, some physical and psychological changes	Common in captivity and in the wild	1d Rodentia
Koi (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)	Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)	1820s AD	Japan	ornamental, show, pets		Tame/held captive, considerable physical changes	Fairly common in captivity, threatened in the wild	5a Cyprinidae
Domestic silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)	Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)	1950s AD	Soviet Union, Russia	pelt, research, pets		Tame, some physical changes	Very small domestic population, wild relatives fairly common	1c Carnivora
Domestic hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)	Four-toed hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)	1980s AD	Central and Eastern Africa	pets		Slight physical changes	Common in the wild. Somewhat rare in captivity	1e Other mammals
Society finch (Lonchura striata domestica)	White-rumped munia (Lonchura striata)	unknown, may have been introduced to Japan sometime around the early 18th century[22]	Japan	pets, research		Slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	2d Passeriformes
Guppy (Poecilia reticulata some strains)[23]	Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)	Date uncertain	Barbados, Brazil, Guyana	pets		Held/tame in captivity, significant physical changes	Common in captivity	5b Other fish

Semidomesticated, routinely captive-bred, or domestication status unclear

Due to the somewhat unclear outlines of what, precisely, constitutes domestication, there are some species that may or may not be fully domesticated. There are also species that are extensively used or kept as pets by humans, but are not significantly altered from wild-type animals. Most animals on this second table are at least somewhat altered from wild animals by their extensive interactions with humans. Many could not be released into the wild, or are in some way dependent on humans.

Species and subspecies	Wild ancestor	Date	Location of origin	Purpose	Image	Degree and type of domestication	Extent in wild vs captivity	Taxon group
Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), including subspecies Italian bee (A. mellifera ligustica), European dark bee (A. mellifera mellifera), and Carniolan honey bee (A. mellifera carnica)	Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), and appropriate subspecies	4000 BC (1880s for A.m. lingustica, modern for A.m. mellifera, uncertain for A.m. carnica)	Europe, Asia and Africa	honey, wax, pollination		Domesticated		6a Hymenoptera
Semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)	Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)	3000 BC	Asian subarctic	meat, milk, transportation, working, draft, mount, hides, racing, leather, antlers		Semidomesticated		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Addax (Addax nasomaculatus)	Addax (Addax nasomaculatus)	2500 BC	Egypt	meat, horns, leather, skin		Held/tame in captivity	Small captive population, but endangered in the wild	1b Bovidae
Scimitar oryx (Oryx dammah)	Scimitar oryx (Oryx dammah)	2320-2150 BC	Egypt	meat, hides, horns		Held/tame in captivity	Small captive population, but nearly extinct in wild	1b Bovidae
Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), including subspecies Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus)	Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)	2000 BC	Indus Valley Civilization	working, transportation, hunting, show, racing, fighting, worship		semi-domesticated (Captured from wild and tamed)		1e Other mammals
Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata)	Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata)	Pre-modern China (Date uncertain)	China	meat, ornamental		Held/tame in captivity		2a Anseriformes
Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon)	Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon)	Ancient Egypt (Date uncertain)	Egypt	pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana), including subspecies Indian honey bee (Apis cerana indica)	Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana), and appropriate subspecies	Date uncertain	South and Southeast Asia	honey, pollination		Held/tame in captivity		6a Hymenoptera
valign"center"|Fallow deer (Dama dama)	Fallow deer (Dama dama)	1000 BC	Mediterranean Basin	meat, hides, antlers		domesticated		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
valign"center"| European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis)	European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis)	800 BC	Europe, Asia	bloodletting, surgery				7 Other animals
Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata)	Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata)	700–600 BC[18]	South America	meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets		Held/tame in captivity		2a Anseriformes
Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus)	Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus)	700–500 BC[18]	Chile, Peru, Mexico	dye		Held/tame in captivity	Very common in the wild	6b Other Insects
Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus)	Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus)	500 BC	India	show, feathers, meat, ornamental, pets		Held/tame in captivity	Fairly common in the wild	2b Galliformes
Common hill myna (Gracula religiosa)	Common hill myna (Gracula religiosa)	kept in Ancient Greece, date of captive breeding uncertain	Greece	pets, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri)	Rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri)	Classical antiquity (Date uncertain)	Africa, Asia	pets, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Red deer (Cervus elaphus)	Red deer (Cervus elaphus)	~0 AD	China, Russia	meat, velvet, hides, leather, antlers		Captive bred		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Roman snail (Helix pomatia)	Roman snail (Helix pomatia)	100 AD	Europe	meat				7 Other animals
Stingless bee (Melipona beecheii)	Stingless bee (Melipona beecheii)	180 AD	Mexico, Amazon Basin	honey, pollination		Semidomesticated		6a Hymenoptera
White cockatoo (Cacatua alba)	White cockatoo (Cacatua alba)	Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD)	China, Indonesia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Japanese and great cormorants (Phalacrocorax capillatus & P. carbo)	Japanese and great cormorants (Phalacrocorax capillatus & P. carbo)	960 AD	Japan, China	fishing		Held/tame in captivity		2f Other birds
Mute swan (Cygnus olor)	Mute swan (Cygnus olor)	1000-1500	Europe	meat, ornamental, feathers		Semidomesticated		2a Anseriformes
House cricket (Acheta domestica)	House cricket (Acheta domestica)	12th century	Southwestern Asia, China, Japan	animal feed, meat, fighting, pets		held in captivity	Somewhat common in captivity, very common in wild	6b Other Insects
Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)	Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)	1100–1900	Japan	meat, eggs, pets		Domesticated in captivity		2b Galliformes
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)	Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)	1200–1500	Europe, Asia	meat		Held/tame in captivity		5a Cyprinidae
Java sparrow (Padda oryzivora)	Java sparrow (Padda oryzivora)	Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 AD)	China	pets		Non-wild coloration pied and fancy colored Javas from long Asian captivity lines are hand tamable	Threatened in wild	2d Passeriformes
Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)	Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)	date uncertain	United States	meat, eggs		Captive bred	Plumage changes	2b Galliformes
European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)	European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)	date uncertain	Europe	pets, singing		Captive bred		2d Passeriformes
Pekin robin (Leiothrix lutea)	Red-billed leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea)	date uncertain	China, Japan	pets, singing		Captive bred		2d Passeriformes
Indian gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii)	Indian gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii)	date uncertain	India	fighting, pest control, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)	Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)	date uncertain	South America	meat, pelt, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Indian palm squirrel (Funambulus palmarum)	Indian palm squirrel (Funambulus palmarum)	date uncertain	India	pets		Easy to tame		1d Rodentia
Grey francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus)	Grey francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus)	date uncertain	India, Pakistan	meat, pets, fighting		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus)	Golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus)	date uncertain	China	meat, ornamental		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
valign"center"|Sika deer (Cervus nippon)	Sika deer (Cervus nippon)	Date uncertain	Japan, China	meat, antlers		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Common eland (Taurotragus oryx)	Common eland (Taurotragus oryx)	Date uncertain	Zimbabwe, South Africa, Kenya	meat, milk, leather, hides, horns		held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Moose (Alces alces)	Moose (Alces alces)	Date uncertain	Russia, Finland, Sweden	research, milk, antlers, mount, draft, transportation, working		Held/tame in captivity		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
Ostrich (Struthio camelus)	Ostrich (Struthio camelus)	19th century	Africa	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, mount, racing		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)	Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)	1850s	Australia	pets, show, talking bird		Plumage changes, some breeds are physically larger	Fairly common in the wild and in captivity	2e Psittaciformes
Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)	Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)	1870s	Australia	pets, show, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity	Common in the wild and in captivity	2e Psittaciformes
Elk (Cervus canadensis)	Elk (Cervus canadensis)	late 1800s	North America	meat, velvet, hides, leather, antlers		Captive bred		1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae
European mink (Mustela lutreola)	European mink (Mustela lutreola)	1800s	Europe	fur		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
American mink (Neovison vison)	American mink (Neovison vison)	19th century	North America	fur, pets, ratting		Held/tame in captivity		1c Carnivora
Coypu (Myocastor coypus)	Coypu (Myocastor coypus)	late 19th to early 20th century	Argentina	fur, meat, aquatic weed control		Captive bred		1d Rodentia
Common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	1910s	Australia, South Africa	research, animal feed				6b Other Insects
Chinese Hamster (Cricetulus griseus)	Chinese Hamster (Cricetulus griseus)	1920s	China	research, biotechnology, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Rosy-faced, yellow-collared, and Fischer's lovebirds (Agapornis roseicollis, A. personatus & A. fischeri)	Rosy-faced, yellow-collared and Fischer's lovebirds (Agapornis roseicollis, A. personatus & A. fischeri)	1920s	Africa	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Crimsonspotted rainbowfish (Melanotaenia duboulayi)	Crimsonspotted rainbowfish (Melanotaenia duboulayi)	1920s	Eastern Australia	pets, pest control		Held/tame in captivity		5b Other fish
Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)	Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)	1930s	Syria, Turkey	pets, research		Domesticated		1d Rodentia
Long-tailed chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)	Long-tailed chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)	1930s	Andes	pets, fur, research		held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Short-tailed chinchilla (Chinchilla chinchilla)	Short-tailed chinchilla (Chinchilla chinchilla)	1930s	Andes	fur		Raised in Captivity	Critically endangered in the wild	1d Rodentia
Water flea (Daphnia magna)	Water flea (Daphnia magna)	1930s	North America, Eurasia, Africa	research, animal feed		Held/tame in captivity		6c Other arthropods
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	1950s	South Africa	pets, research				4a Anura
Sea-monkey (Artemia nyos)	Brine shrimp (Artemia spp., esp. A. salina)	1950s	Lake Urmia, Iran	pets		Domesticated		6c Other arthropods
Ball python (Python regius)	Ball python (Python regius)	1960s	Africa	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Dwarf hamsters (Phodopus spp.)	Campbell's dwarf, Djungarian and Roborovski hamsters (Phodopus campbelli, P. sungorus and P. roborovskii)	1960s	Europe	pets, research		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)	Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)	20th century	Australia	pets, show		Plumage changes, some breeds are physically larger		2d Passeriformes
Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)	Axolotl	20th century	Mexico	research, pets		Slight physical changes	Critically endangered in the wild	4b Other amphibians
Leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius)	Leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius)	20th century	Pakistan	pets		Slight physical modification	Somewhat common in captivity	3b Lacertilia
American bison (Bison bison)	American bison (Bison bison)	20th century	North America	meat, leather, hides		Semidomesticated		1b Bovidae
Companion parrot (Order Psittaciformes)	Many species (Order Psittaciformes)	1980s and 1990s	Australia, Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America	pets, companion, talking bird, ornamental		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Turquoise parrot (Neophema pulchella)	Turquoise parrot (Neophema pulchella)	20th century	Australia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Green and black poison dart frog (Dendrobates auratus)	Green and black poison dart frog (Dendrobates auratus)	Mid-to-late 20th century	Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia	pets		Slight physical changes; loss of toxicity		4a Anura
Diamond dove (Geopelia cuneata)	Diamond dove (Geopelia cuneata)	Date uncertain	Australia	pets		held/tame in captivity		2c Columbiformes
Grey-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna)	Grey-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna)	date uncertain	Texas, New Mexico, Chihuahua	pets		Held/tame in captivity		3a Serpentes
Corn snake (Pantherophis gutttatus)	Corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus)	1960s	United States	pets		Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity, common in the wild	3a Serpentes
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus)	Muskox (Ovibos moschatus)	1960s	United States	wool, meat, milk		Held/tame in captivity		1b Bovidae
Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa)	Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa)	1960s	Madagascar	pets				6b Other Insects
Central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)	Central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)	1970s	Australia	pets		slight physical changes		3b Lacertilia
Eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus)	Eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus)	1980s	Australia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Salmon-crested cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis)	Salmon-crested cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis)	1980s	Maluku Islands	pets, show, talking bird		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps)	Sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps)	1980s	Australia	pets		Domesticated		1e Other mammals
Lawson's dragon (Pogona henrylawsoni)	Lawson's dragon (Pogona henrylawsoni)	1980s	Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		3b Lacertilia
Buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris)	Buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris)	1980s	Europe	wax, pollination		Held/tame in captivity		6a Hymenoptera
Greater rhea (Rhea americana)	Greater rhea (Rhea americana)	1990s	South America	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)	Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)	1990s	Australia	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil		Semidomesticated		2f Other birds
Degu (Octodon degus)	Degu (Octodon degus)	1990s	Chilean Andes	pets, research				1d Rodentia
Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) et al.	Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) and others of the genus	1990s	Mongolia	pets, research		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Green iguana (Iguana iguana)	Green iguana (Iguana iguana)	1990s	South America	pets, meat, leather		Captive bred		3b Lacertilia
Green tree python (Morelia viridis)	Green tree python (Morelia viridis)	mid-1990s	New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia	pets		Captive bred		3a Serpentes
Red-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii)	Red-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii)	late 1990s	Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2e Psittaciformes
Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae)	Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae)	late 1990s	Australia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Australian green tree frog (Litoria caerulea)	Australian green tree frog	late 20th century	Australia	pets				4a Anura
Argentine and Cranwell's horned frogs (Ceratophrys ornata & C. cranwelli)	Argentine and Cranwell's horned frogs (Ceratophrys ornata & C. cranwelli)	late 20th century	Argentina	pets				4a Anura
Crucian carp (Carassius carassius)	Crucian carp (Carassius carassius)	2000s	England, Russia	meat, pets		Domesticated		5a Cyprinidae
King quail (Coturnix chinensis)	King quail (Coturnix chinensis)	date uncertain	Asia, Australia	pets		Held/tame in captivity		2b Galliformes
Lowland paca (Cuniculus paca)	Lowland paca (Cuniculus paca)	Date uncertain	Mexico, Argentina	meat, pets		Held/tame in captivity		1d Rodentia
Steppe lemming (Lagurus lagurus)	Steppe lemming (Lagurus lagururs)	Date uncertain	Eurasian Steppe	pets				1d Rodentia
Pale and lesser gerbils (Gerbillus perpallidus, G. gerbillus)	Pale and lesser gerbils (Gerbillus perpallidus, G. gerbillus)	Date uncertain	Egypt	pets				1d Rodentia
Black spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis)	Black spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis)	date uncertain	Central America	pets, meat		Captive bred		3b Lacertilia
Crimson, eastern and western rosellas (Platycercus elegans, P. eximius & P. icterotis)	Crimson, eastern and western rosellas (Platycercus elegans, P. eximius & P. icterotis)	Date uncertain	Australia	pets		Semidomesticated		2e Psittaciformes
Red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans)	Red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans)	date uncertain	United States	pets, meat		Easy to domesticate	Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild	3c Other reptiles
Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus)	Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus)	date uncertain	India, Sri Lanka	pets		Easy to domesticate		1c Carnivora
Star finch (Neochmia ruficauda)	Star finch (Neochmia ruficauda)	date uncertain	Australia	pets, show		Held/tame in captivity		2d Passeriformes
Tarantula (Brachypelma spp. et al.)	Mexican redknee tarantula (Brachypelma smithi) and others	Date uncertain	Mexico	pets, research			Common in captivity, getting rare in the wild.	6c Other arthropods
Crested gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus)	Crested gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus)	Date uncertain	New Caledonia	pets		Captive bred	Somewhat common in captivity, nearly extinct in wild	3b Lacertilia
Common kusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus)	Common kusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus)	Date uncertain	West Africa	pets		Captive bred		1c Carnivora
Kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii)	Kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii)	Date uncertain	Thailand, Indonesia	meat, pets		Domesticated		5b Other fish
Piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri et al.)	Red-bellied piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri) and others	Date uncertain	South America	meat, pets, research, fighting		Semidomesticated	Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild	5b Other fish
Dubia roach (Blaptica dubia)	Dubia roach (Blaptica dubia)	Date uncertain	Central and South America	animal feed, pets				6b Other Insects
Mealworm and Superworm (Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio)	Larvae of Darkling beetles (Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio)	Date uncertain	Europe	animal feed, meat		Captive bred		6b Other Insects
Red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)	Red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)	Date uncertain	United States	research		Captive bred		6b Other Insects
Waxworm (Achroia grisella and Galleria mellonella)	Larvae of lesser and greater wax moths (Achroia grisella and Galleria mellonella)	Date uncertain	Europe ?	animal feed, bait, research		Captive bred		6b Other Insects

Taxonomical Groupings

The categories used in Taxon group column are: 1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae, 1b Bovidae, 1c Carnivora, 1d Rodentia, 1e Other mammals, 2a Anseriformes, 2b Galliformes, 2c Columbiformes, 2d Passeriformes, 2e Psittaciformes, 2f Other birds, 3a Serpentes, 3b Lacertilia, 3c Other reptiles, 4a Anura, 4b Other amphibians, 5a Cyprinidae, 5b Other fish, 6a Hymenoptera, 6b Other insects, 6c Other arthropods, 7 Other animals

References