List of countries by spoken languages

This list shows countries organised by the languages which are spoken there.

Indo-European languages

Albanian

Albania (official)
Kosovo (official)
Macedonia (significant minority)
Italy (minority) (also as Arbëreshë)
Montenegro (minority)
Greece (minority) (also as Arvanitika)
Serbia (minority)
Romania (minority)

Armenian

Asia

Armenia (official)
Cyprus (minority)
Georgia (significant minority)
Iran (minority)
Israel (minority)
Lebanon (minority)
Syria (minority)
Turkey (minority)

Europe

France (minority)
UK (minority)
Spain (minority)
Greece (minority)
Russia (minority)

North America

US (minority)

South America

Argentina (minority)
Brazil (minority)

Baltic

Canada (unofficial, spoken in Canada)

Latgalian

Latvia (unofficial, spoken in Latgalia)
Russia (significant minority in Siberia)

Latvian

Latvia (official)

Lithuanian

Latvia (minority)
Lithuania (official)
Poland (minority, majority in the city of Puńsk)

Celtic

Map of the Celtic nations

Breton

France (minority language in Brittany, but unofficial)

Cornish

United Kingdom (minority language in Cornwall, but unofficial)

Irish

Ireland (co-official with English)
United Kingdom (minority and official in Northern Ireland)
United States (minority)

Manx

Isle of Man (minority)

Scottish Gaelic

Canada (minority in Nova Scotia)
United Kingdom (significant minority in Scotland)
United States (minority)

Welsh

Argentina (significant minority in Chubut)
United Kingdom (spoken by approximately 20% of the population in Wales^[1] and co-official with English)
United States (minority)

Afrikaans

South Africa (co-official with 10 other languages)
Namibia (unofficial)
United States (minority)
Netherlands (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)
Germany (minority)
Belgium (minority)
Australia (minority)
Argentina (minority)

Alsatian

France (regional language in Alsace)

Danish

Denmark (official)
Germany (in Schleswig-Holstein, official recognised minority language)
Faroe Islands (co-official alongside with Faroese)
Greenland (minority)
Iceland (minority)

Dutch

Europe

Netherlands (official)
Belgium (co-official with French and German)
France (in French Flanders)
Germany (in Low Rhine Country)

North America

Aruba (co-official with Papiamento)
Curaçao (co-official with English and Papiamento)
Sint Maarten (co-official with English)

South America

Suriname (official)
French Guiana (unofficial, spoken in Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni)

English

See also: List of countries where English is an official language and List of countries by English-speaking population

Map of the English-speaking world.

Africa

Botswana (co-official with Tswana)
Cameroon (co-official with French)
Gambia (official)
Ghana (official)
Kenya (co-official with Swahili)
Lesotho (co-official with Sesotho)
Liberia (official)
Malawi (official)
Mauritius (official)
Namibia (official)
Nigeria (official)
Rwanda (co-official with Kinyarwanda and French)
Seychelles (co-official with French and Seychellois Creole)
Sierra Leone (official)
South Africa (co-official with 10 other languages)
South Sudan (official)
Swaziland (co-official with Swati)
Uganda (co-official with Swahili)
Zambia (official)
Zimbabwe (official)

Asia

Bahrain (Unofficial)
India (co-official with 21 other languages)
Lebanon (significant minority)
Pakistan (co-official with Urdu)
Philippines (co-official with Filipino, and with regional languages as auxiliary official languages^[2])
Singapore (co-official with Tamil, Mandarin, and Malay)
Sri Lanka (co-official)
Bangladesh (de facto co-official with Bengali)
Malaysia (co-official with Tamil, Mandarin, and Malay)
Brunei (co-official with Mandarin, and Malay)

Europe

Ireland (co-official with Irish, see Hiberno-English)
Malta (co-official with Maltese)
United Kingdom (co-official with Welsh, see British English)

North America

Antigua and Barbuda (official)
Bahamas (official)
Barbados (official)
Belize (official)
Canada (official, see Canadian English)
Dominica (official)
Grenada (official)
Jamaica (official, see Jamaican English)
Saint Kitts and Nevis (official)
Saint Lucia (official)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (official)
Trinidad and Tobago (official)
United States (de facto, see American English)

Oceania

Australia (de facto, see Australian English)
Fiji (co-official with Fijian and Hindustani)
Kiribati (co-official with Kiribati)
Marshall Islands (co-official with Marshallese)
Federated States of Micronesia
Nauru (de facto)
New Zealand (co-official with Māori and New Zealand Sign Language; see also New Zealand English)
Palau (co-official with Palauan)
Papua New Guinea (co-official with Tok Pisin and Hiri Motu)
Solomon Islands (official)
Vanuatu (co-official with Bislama and French)

South America

Guyana (official)

Dependent entities

American Samoa (co-official with Samoan)
British Indian Ocean Territory (de facto)
Anguilla (official)
Bermuda (official)
British Virgin Islands (official)
Cayman Islands (official)
Christmas Island (official)
Cook Islands (co-official with Cook Islands Māori)
Falkland Islands (official)
Gibraltar (official)
Guam (co-official with Chamorro)
Guernsey (official)
Hong Kong (co-official with Chinese)
Isle of Man (official)
Jersey (official)
Montserrat (official)
Norfolk Island (co-official with Norfuk)
Northern Mariana Islands (co-official with Chamorro and Carolinian)
Pitcairn Islands (co-official with Pitkern)
Puerto Rico (co-official with Spanish)
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (official)
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (official)
Turks and Caicos Islands (official)
United States Virgin Islands (official)

Faroese

Faroe Islands (co-official with Danish)
Denmark (unofficial)

Frisian

Denmark (minority)
Germany (official recognised minority language)
Netherlands (minority language in Friesland)

German

Map of the German-speaking world

Europe

Austria (official)
Germany (official)
Liechtenstein (official)
Switzerland (co-official with French and Italian)
Belgium (official with Dutch and French)
Hungary (co-official with Hungarian in the city of Sopron)
Italy (co-official with Italian in South Tyrol)
Luxembourg (co-official with French and Luxembourgish)
Poland (co-official as auxiliary language in the Opole Voivodeship)
Vatican City (official with other languages, language of the Swiss Guard)
France (minority in Alsace and Lorraine)
Czech Republic (minority)
Denmark (minority)
Romania (minority)
Russia (minority)

Africa

Namibia (co-official as auxiliary language)

Asia

Kazakhstan (minority)

North America

United States (minority)^[3]

South America

Argentina (minority)
Brazil (minority)
Chile (minority)

Icelandic

Iceland (official)
Denmark (minority)

Low German

Germany (recognized as regional language)
Netherlands (recognized as regional language)

Norwegian

Norway (official, including Svalbard and Jan Mayen)

Scots

Scotland (minority in Scotland)
Ireland (minority in Ireland)

Swedish

Sweden (official)
Finland (co-official with Finnish).
Åland (official)
Estonia (minority)

Greek

Greece (official)
Cyprus (co-official with Turkish)
Albania (significant minority)
Macedonia (minority)
Russia (minority)
Ukraine (minority)
Turkey (minority)
Italy (minority)
Armenia (minority)
Romania (minority)
Hungary (minority)
Syria (minority)
USA (minority)

Balochi

Afghanistan (minority)
Iran (significant minority in Balochistan)
Pakistan (Majority in Balochistan)
United Arab Emirates (minority)

Persian

Afghanistan (co-official as Dari, with Pashto)
Bahrain (minority)
Germany (minority)
Iran (official)
Iraq (significant minority)
Pakistan (minority)
Qatar (minority)
Russia (minority)
Tajikistan (official, as Tajik)
United Arab Emirates (minority)
United States (minority)
Uzbekistan (minority)

Tajik

Afghanistan (significant minority)
Iran (minority)
Kazakhstan (minority)
Kyrgyzstan (minority)
Pakistan (minority)
Tajikistan (official)
Uzbekistan (minority)
China (minority)
Turkmenistan (minority)
Russia (minority)

Kurdish

Armenia (recognized minority)
Iran (regional)
Iraq (co-official with Arabic)
Syria (significant minority)
Turkey (significant minority)

Mazandarani

Iran (unofficial, in Māzandarān Province)

Pashto

Afghanistan (co-official with Dari)
Iran (minority)
Pakistan (majority in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA)
United Arab Emirates (minority)

Angika

Cambodia (minority language)
India (majority in Anga, significant minority in the rest of the country)
Laos (minority language)
Malaysia (minority language)
Nepal (minority language)
Vietnam (minority language)

Assamese

Bhutan (minority)
India (official language along with 21 others)
United Kingdom (minority)
United States (minority)

Awadhi

Bhutan (minority)
India (majority in Uttar Pradesh, minority in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, and Delhi)

Bengali

Map of the Bengali-speaking world

Asia

Bangladesh (official)
India (official, along with 21 others; primarily spoken in the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura, Assam, with significant minority in Bihar, Jharkhand and Orissa)
Saudi Arabia (significant minority)
United Arab Emirates (significant minority)
Oman (minority)
South Korea (minority)
Japan (minority)
Qatar (minority)
Kuwait (minority)
Malaysia (significant minority)
Singapore (minority)
Maldives (minority)
Nepal (minority)
Pakistan (minority. Mostly used in Karachi, where it holds the status as that of a recognized secondary language)^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7])

Africa

Sierra Leone (honorary official language, along with English)
South Africa (minority)

Europe

Italy (minority)
United Kingdom (significant minority)

North America

United States (significant minority)
Canada (minority)

Oceania

Australia (minority)

Bhili

India (minority)

Bhojpuri

Fiji (minority)
Guyana (minority)
India (in Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh)
Mauritius (minority)
Nepal (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)
Suriname (minority)
Trinidad and Tobago (minority)
Seychelles (minority)
South Africa (minority)
Australia (minority)

Bishnupriya Manipuri

India (minority, mostly in Manipur, Assam and Tripura)
Bangladesh (minority)
Burma (minority)

Chakma

Bangladesh (minority, mostly in Chittagong Division)
India (minority, mostly in Tripura, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh)

Chhattisgarhi

India (majority in Chhattisgarh, minority in Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, and Bihar)

Chittagonian

Bangladesh (significant minority, major language of Chittagong Division of Bangladesh)
Burma (minority, mostly in Arakan and Yangon)
Oman (minority)
Saudi Arabia (minority)
United Arab Emirates (minority)
Qatar (minority)
Kuwait (minority)
Pakistan (minority, mostly in Karachi)
United Kingdom (minority)
United States (minority)

Dhivehi

India (in Lakshadweep)
Maldives (official)

Dogri

Pakistan (in Punjab, and Azad Kashmir)
India (in Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, and Himachal Pradesh))

Domari

Africa

Algeria (minority)
Egypt (minority)
Morocco (minority)
Sudan (minority)
Tunisia (minority)

Asia

India (minority)
Iran (significant minority)
Iraq (minority)
Pakistan (minority)
Libya (minority)
Syria (minority)
Turkey (minority)
Palestine (minority)
Israel (minority)
Afghanistan (minority)
Bangladesh (minority)
Jordan (minority)
Iraq (minority)
Lebanon (minority)
Uzbekistan (minority)
Armenia (minority)
Azerbaijan (minority)
Georgia (minority)
Turkmenistan (minority)
Kazakhstan (minority)
Tajikistan (minority)
Kuwait (minority)
Kyrgyzstan (minority)

Europe

Russia (minority)

Gujarati

Australia (minority)
Canada (significant minority)
India (official in Gujarat)
Pakistan (significant minority)
South Africa (significant minority)
Kenya (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
Tanzania (minority)
Uganda (minority)
United Kingdom (significant minority)
United States (significant minority)
Zimbabwe (minority)

Hajong

India (minority, mostly in Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh and West Bengal)
Bangladesh (minority)

Halbi

India (in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh)

Kalash

Pakistan (minority)
Afghanistan (minority)

Kashmiri

India (official, spoken in Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh)
Pakistan (spoken in Azad Kashmir)
United Kingdom (minority, mostly by immigrants from Azad Kashmir)

Khandeshi

India (minority, spoken in Maharashtra, Gujarat)

Khowar

Pakistan (majority in Chitral, minority in Gilgit)

Kannada

India (official in Karnataka)

Kumaoni

India (majority in Uttarakhand) (minority in Assam)

Lomavren

Armenia (minority)
Azerbaijan (minority)
Bulgaria (minority)
Georgia (minority)
Iran (minority)
Russia (minority)
Syria (minority)

Magadhi

India (official in Bihar)

Maithili

India (official in Bihar)
Nepal (significant minority in Terai)

Mal Paharia

India (minority, mostly in Jharkhand and West Bengal)
Bangladesh (minority)

Marathi

India (official along with 21 others, widely spoken in Maharashtra and Goa & parts of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Sindh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
Israel (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
Singapore (minority)
United States (Significant minority)
United Kingdom (Significant minority)
Australia (Significant minority)
New Zealand (Significant minority)
South Africa (Significant minority)
United Arab Emirates (Significant minority)
Bahrain (Significant minority)

Marwari

India (primarily in Rajasthan and Gujarat)

Nepali

Bhutan (unofficial)
Hong Kong (unofficial)
India (official in Sikkim),(Regional language in West Bengal)
Myanmar (unofficial)
Nepal (official)
United Kingdom (unofficial)

Oriya

Bangladesh (minority)
India (official in Orissa)

Punjabi

India (official with others)
Pakistan (majority in Punjab)
United Kingdom (significant minority)
Canada (minority)
United States (minority)

Rajasthani

India (official along with others)
Pakistan (minority)

Rajbanshi

India (minority)
Bangladesh (minority)
Nepal (minority)

Rohingya

Burma (minority, mostly in Arakan, Burma)
Bangladesh (minority, mostly in Chittagong Division, Bangladesh)
Pakistan (minority, mostly in Karachi)
Saudi Arabia (minority)
Oman (minority)
United Arab Emirates (minority)
Thailand (minority)
Malaysia (minority)
India (minority)

Tamil India, Sri Lanka Philippines Malaysia Singapore Réunion, Mauritius, Indonesia Burma South Africa Thailand Guyana, Fiji, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago

Romani

Asia

Bangladesh (minority)
India (minority)
Pakistan (minority)
Iran (minority)
Afghanistan (minority)
Uzbekistan (minority)
Kazakhstan (minority)
Turkmenistan (minority)
Tajikistan (minority)
Kyrgyzstan (minority)
Armenia (minority)

Europe

Albania (minority)
Austria (minority)
Belarus (minority)
Belgium (minority)
Bosnia and Herzegovina (minority)
Bulgaria (significant minority)
Croatia (minority)
Cyprus (minority)
Czech Republic (minority)
Denmark (minority)
Estonia (minority)
Finland (officially recognised minority language)
France (minority)
Germany (officially recognised minority language)
Greece (minority)
Hungary (significant minority, officially recognised minority language)
Ireland (minority)
Italy (minority)
Kosovo (officially recognized minority language)
Latvia (minority)
Lithuania (minority)
Macedonia (official in Šuto Orizari Municipality)
Moldova (minority)
Montenegro (minority)
Netherlands (minority)
Norway (officially recognised minority language)
Poland (minority)
Portugal (minority)
Romania (co-official in 79 rural communes)
Russia (officially recognised minority language)
Serbia (officially recognised minority language)
Slovakia (minority)
Slovenia (officially recognised minority language)
Spain (minority)
Sweden (officially recognised minority language)
Switzerland (minority)
Turkey (minority)
Ukraine (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)

North America

United States (minority)
Canada (minority)

Sindhi

Hong Kong (minority)
India (official with others)
Oman (minority)
Pakistan (majority in Sindh)
Philippines (minority)
Singapore (minority)
United Arab Emirates (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)
United States (minority)

Sinhalese

Sri Lanka (co-official with Tamil)

Sylheti

Bangladesh (major language of Sylhet Division of Bangladesh)
India (significant minority in the state of Assam, especially in Barak Valley)
United Kingdom (significant minority)
United States (minority)
United Arab Emirates (minority)

Tanchangya

Bangladesh (minority; mainly in Chittagong Division, related to Chakma, Chittagonian, Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit Rohingya and Bengali language)
India (minority; mainly in Indian states of Assam, Tripura and Mizoram)
Burma (minority; mainly in Rakhine State, and few of them in Chin State and Yangon Division of Burma)

Urdu

Bahrain (minority)
Bangladesh (significant minority)
Fiji (co-official as Hindustani with English and Fijian)
India (co-official with 21 others)
Nepal (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
Oman (minority)
Pakistan (co-official with English)
Qatar (minority)
Saudi Arabia (minority)
South Africa (minority)
United Arab Emirates (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)
United States (minority)

Catalan

Andorra (official)
France (in Northern Catalonia)
Italy (a significant minority in Alghero)
Spain (co-official with Spanish in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and Valencia. In El Carche (Murcia) and La Franja (Aragon) it is not official).

Corsican

France (regional language in Corsica)
Italy (minority in Sardinia)

French

Map of the French-speaking world

Europe

Andorra (spoken, not official)
Belgium (co-official with Dutch and German)
France (official)
Italy (co-official in the Aosta Valley)
Luxembourg (co-official with German and Luxembourgish)
Monaco (official)
Switzerland (co-official with German, Italian, and Romansh)

Africa

Algeria (unofficial, but widely used)
Benin (official)
Burkina Faso (official)
Burundi (co-official with Kirundi)
Cameroon (co-official with English)
Central African Republic (co-official with Sango)
Chad (co-official with Arabic)
Comoros (co-official with Arabic and Comorian)
Democratic Republic of the Congo (official)
Republic of the Congo (official)
Ivory Coast (official)
Djibouti (co-official with Arabic)
Equatorial Guinea (co-official with Spanish)
Gabon (official)
Guinea (official)
Madagascar (co-official with Malagasy)
Mali (official)
Mauritania (de facto)
Mauritius (de facto)
Morocco (de facto)
Niger (official)
Réunion (official)
Rwanda (co-official with English and Kinyarwanda)
Senegal (official; Wolof most widely spoken)
Seychelles (co-official with English and Seychellois Creole)
Togo (official)
Tunisia (unofficial, but widely used)

Asia

Cambodia (minority)
Vietnam (minority)
Laos (administrative language)
Lebanon (co-official with Arabic)
India (in Puducherry, co-official with Tamil, Telugu, and Malayalam)

North America

Canada (co-official with English; majority in Quebec, minority in New Brunswick, Ontario, Manitoba)
Guadeloupe (official)
Haiti (co-official with Haitian Creole)
Martinique (official)
Saint Barthelemy (official)
Saint Martin (official)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (official)
United States (minority language, especially in Louisiana, Maine, Vermont, and New Hampshire)^[3]

Oceania

French Polynesia (official)
New Caledonia (official)
Vanuatu (co-official with English and Bislama)
Wallis and Futuna (official)

South America

French Guiana (official)
Brazil (minority, significantly in RJ/ES and other coastal states; see French, Belgian and Swiss Brazilians)

Galician

Galicia (co-official with Spanish)
Argentina (minority, from immigration)
Brazil (minority, from immigration)
Cuba (minority, from immigration)
France (minority, from immigration)
Germany (minority, from immigration)
Switzerland (minority, from immigration)
Uruguay (minority, from immigration)
Venezuela (minority, from immigration)

Italian

Map of the Italian-speaking world

Europe

Albania (unofficial, but widely spoken; some 70% of the population)
Belgium (minority)
Croatia (official status in Istria)
France (minority language in Corsica)
Germany (minority)
Greece (minority)
Italy (official)
Luxembourg (minority)
Malta (unofficial, but widely spoken; some 66% of the population)
Monaco (unofficial, but widely spoken)
San Marino (official)
Slovenia (co-official in Koper, Izola and Piran)
Switzerland (co-official with French, German, and Romansh)
Vatican City (official)

Africa

Eritrea (minority)
Libya (minority)
Somalia (minority)

Americas

Argentina (minority)
Brazil (minority)
Canada (minority)
Peru (minority)
United States (minority)^[3]
Uruguay (minority)
Venezuela (minority)

Oceania

Australia (minority)

Jèrriais

Jersey (unofficial)
Sark (unofficial)

Latin

Vatican City (official, but not spoken)

Mirandese

Portugal (co-official with Portuguese in the municipalities of Miranda do Douro, Mogadouro and Vimioso)

Portuguese

Map of the Lusophone world

Europe

Portugal (official)
Spain (significant minority in Olivenza)
France (significant minority)
Luxembourg (significant minority)
Switzerland (significant minority)
Andorra (significant minority)
Germany (significant minority)

Africa

Angola (official)
Cape Verde (official)
Guinea-Bissau (official)
Equatorial Guinea (co-official with Spanish and French)
Mozambique (official)
São Tomé and Príncipe (official)
South Africa (minority)
Namibia (minority)

Asia

East Timor (co-official with Tetum)
Japan (significant minority; see Brazilians in Japan)
Macau (co-official with Chinese)
India (minority in Goa State)

North America

United States (significant minority)
Canada (significant minority)

South America

Brazil (official, see Brazilian Portuguese)
Paraguay (significant minority)
Uruguay (minority; see Portuñol)
Venezuela (significant minority)

Romanian

Bulgaria (minority)
Italy (minority)
Moldova (official)
Romania (official)
Spain (minority)
Serbia (co-official in province of Vojvodina with 5 other languages)

Romansh

Switzerland (co-official with French, Italian, and German)

Spanish

Map of the Hispanophone world

The following is a list of the 22 countries where Spanish is an official language:

Europe

Spain (official)
Andorra (majority)
France (minority)
Germany (minority)
Gibraltar (not official – majority)
Italy (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)

Africa

Equatorial Guinea (co-official with Portuguese and French)
Morocco (not official – minority)
Western Sahara (co-official with Arabic)
Ceuta (official)
Melilla (official)
Canary Islands (official)
Gabon, Cocobeach (official)

Asia

Japan (minority)
Philippines (former official language, spoken by a minority)

North America

Belize (plurality, but unofficial)
Costa Rica (official)
Cuba (official)
Dominican Republic (official)
El Salvador (official)
Guatemala (official)
Honduras (official)
Mexico (de facto)
Nicaragua (official)
Panama (official)
Puerto Rico (official)
United States (not official – significant minority)^[3]

South America

Argentina (official)
Bolivia (co-official with Quechua and Aymara)
Brazil (not official – minority)
Chile (official)
Colombia (official)
Ecuador (official)
Paraguay (co-official with Guaraní)
Peru (official)
Uruguay (official)
Venezuela (official)

Belarusian

Belarus (co-official with Russian)
Lithuania (minority)
Poland (minority)
Russia (minority)

Bosnian

Bosnia and Herzegovina (co-official with Croatian and Serbian)
Croatia (significant minority)
Macedonia (minority)
Montenegro (minority) (minority, official in Sandžak)
Serbia (significant minority, official in Sandžak)
Turkey (significant minority)

Bulgarian

Bulgaria (official)
Greece (minority)
Macedonia (minority)
Moldova (minority)
Romania (minority)
Serbia (minority)
Turkey (minority)
Ukraine (minority)

Croatian

Austria (co-official with German and Hungarian in Burgenland)
Bosnia and Herzegovina (co-official with Bosnian and Serbian)
Croatia (official)
Italy (co-official in Molise)
Montenegro (official)
Romania (official in the municipalities of Carașova and Lupac^[8])
Serbia (co-official in province of Vojvodina with 5 other languages)

Czech

Austria (minority)
Croatia (minority)
Czech Republic (official)
Germany (minority)
Slovakia (minority)

Kashubian

Poland (official in Pomerania)

Macedonian

Albania (minority, official in Pustec Municipality)
Macedonia (official)
Greece (minority)
Bulgaria (minority)
Serbia (minority, official in two municipalities)
Kosovo (minority)
Romania (minority)

Polish

Europe

Belarus (significant minority)
Lithuania (significant minority)
Poland (official)
Ukraine (significant minority)

Other countries

Brazil (minority; see Polish Brazilian)
United States (not official – minority)^[3]

Russian

Map of the Russian-speaking world

Armenia (significant minority)
Azerbaijan (significant minority)
Belarus (co-official with Belarusian)
Bulgaria (minority)
Estonia (significant minority)
Finland (minority)
Georgia (significant minority)
Germany (minority)
Greece (minority)
Israel (significant minority)
Jordan (significant minority)
Kazakhstan (co-official with Kazakh)
Kyrgyzstan (co-official with Kyrgyz)
Latvia (significant minority)
Lithuania (minority)
Moldova (co-official with Ukrainian and Romanian in Transnistria)
Mongolia (significant minority)
Poland (minority)
Russia (official)
Serbia (minority)
Turkey (significant minority)
Tajikistan (significant minority)
Turkmenistan (significant minority)
Ukraine (significant minority, regional in some regions)
Uzbekistan (significant minority)

Rusyn

Hungary (minority)
Poland (minority)
Romania (minority)
Slovakia (minority)
Ukraine (official in Zakarpattia)
Serbia (co-official in The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina with Serbian Hungarian, Slovak, Romanian, and Croatian.

Serbian

Bosnia and Herzegovina (official with Croatian and Bosnian)
Croatia (significant minority)
Kosovo (co-official with Albanian)
Macedonia (minority)
Montenegro (minority)
Romania (co-official in Caraşova)
Serbia (official)

Slovak

Czech Republic (minority)
Slovakia (official)

Slovene

Austria (minority)
Croatia (minority)
Hungary (minority)
Italy (co-official in Friuli-Venezia Giulia with Friulian, Italian and German)
Slovenia (official)
United States (minority in Ohio)^[9]

Sorbian, Lower

Germany (regional language in Brandenburg)

Sorbian, Upper

Germany (regional language in Brandenburg and Saxony)

Ukrainian

Argentina (minority)
Belarus (significant minority)
Brazil (minority)
Canada (minority)
Kazakhstan (significant minority)
Kyrgyzstan (minority)
Moldova (significant minority)
Poland (minority)
Romania (significant minority)
Russia (significant minority)
Transnistria (co-official with Romanian and Russian)
Ukraine (official)
United Kingdom (minority)
United States (minority)
Uzbekistan (minority)

Mongolic languages

Mongolian

China (regional, co-official with Chinese in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region)
Mongolia (official)

Turkic languages

Azerbaijani

Azerbaijan (official)
Iran (regional)
Iraq (minority)
Georgia (minority)
Russia (minority)
Syria (minority)
Turkey (significant minority)

Uyghur

China (regional, co-official with Chinese in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region)
Kazakhstan (minority)

Uzbek

Afghanistan (minority)
China (minority)
Kyrgyzstan (minority)
Russia (minority)
Tajikistan (minority)
Turkmenistan (minority)
Uzbekistan (official)

Kazakh

Afghanistan (minority)
China (regional, co-official with Chinese in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region)
Iran (minority)
Kazakhstan (official)
Mongolia (minority)
Russia (minority)
Tajikistan (minority)
Turkey (minority)
Turkmenistan (minority)
Ukraine (minority)
Uzbekistan (minority)

Kyrgyz

Afghanistan (minority)
China (minority)
Kyrgyzstan (official)
Pakistan (minority)
Tajikistan (minority)

Turkish

Turkey (official)
Cyprus (co-official with Greek)
Iraq (recognized regional lang.)
Afghanistan (recognized regional lang.)
Kosovo (recognized regional lang.)
Macedonia (recognized regional lang.)
Romania (recognized minority lang.)
Bulgaria (minority)
Greece (minority)
Germany (significant minority)

Turkmen

Turkmenistan (official)
Iran (minority)
Afghanistan (minority)
Russia (spoken in Stavropol Krai)
Turkey (minority)

Gagauz

Gagauzia (official language of the autonomous region of Gagauzia, Moldova)
Moldova (recognized minority language)
Ukraine (recognized minority language)

Tatar

Tatarstan (official language of the Republic of Tatarstan)
Russia (spoken in Russia and in former Soviet Union)
Turkey (minority)

Crimean Tatar

Crimea Ukraine (spoken and protected but not officially recognized language of Ukraine)
Romania (minority language in Dobroudja)
Turkey (minority)

Afro-Asiatic languages

Arabic

Distribution of Arabic as sole official language (green) and one of several official languages (blue)

Africa

Algeria (official)
Comoros (co-official with French)
Chad (co-official with French)
Djibouti (co-official with French)
Egypt (official)
Eritrea (co-official with Tigrinya)
Libya (official)
Mauritania (official)
Morocco (co-official with Berber)
Somalia (co-official with Somali)
Sudan (official)
Tunisia (official)
Western Sahara (co-official with Spanish)

Asia

Bahrain (official)
Iraq (co-official with Kurdish)
Israel (co-official with Hebrew)
Jordan (official)
Kuwait (official)
Lebanon (official)
Oman (official)
Palestine (official)
Qatar (official)
Saudi Arabia (official)
Syria (official)
United Arab Emirates (official)
Yemen (official)
Iran (regional)
Afghanistan (regional/religious)
Philippines (optional language along with Spanish)

Europe

France (minority)
Germany (minority)
Italy (minority)
Netherlands (minority)
Spain (minority)
Sweden (minority)
Turkey (significant minority)
UK (minority)

Oceania

Australia (minority)

North America

United States (significant minority)^[3]
Canada (minority)

South America

Argentina (minority, immigrants from Lebanon)
Brazil (minority, see Arab Brazilian)
Liturgical language of Islam

Hebrew

Israel (official)
Liturgical language of Judaism

Maltese

Malta (official language)

Dravidian languages

Badaga

India (minority)

Brahui

Pakistan (minority, spoken in Balochistan)
Iran (minority)
Afghanistan (minority)
Turkmenistan (minority)

Chenchu

India (minority)

Duruwa

India (minority)

Gondi

India (minority)

Kolami

India (minority)

Koraga

India (minority)

Kota

India (minority, endangered Dravidian language)

Koya

India (minority)

Kui

India (minority)

Kumarbhag Paharia

India (minority)

Kurukh

Bangladesh (minority)
India (minority)

Maria

India (minority)

Nagarchal

India (minority, endangered Dravidian language)

Pardhan

India (minority)

Sauria Paharia

India (minority)
Bangladesh (minority)

Toda

India (minority, endangered Dravidian language)

Telugu

India (official)Andhra Pradesh
United States (minority)
Canada (minority)
Australia (minority)
Germany (minority)
Denmark (minority)
Sweden (minority)
New Zealand (minority)

Kannada

India (official in Karnataka state)
United States (minority)
Germany (minority)
Canada (minority)
Australia (minority)
Malaysia (minority)
France (minority)
Singapore (minority)

Tamil

India (official in Tamil Nadu)
Singapore (official)
Sri Lanka (official)
Malaysia (minority)
Canada (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
South Africa (minority)

Malayalam

India (official at state of kerala)
Bahrain (minority)

Tulu

India (minority)

Kodava

India (minority)

Ollari

India (minority)

Japonic languages

Japanese

France (minority)
China (minority)
Japan (official)
Philippines (minority)
Peru (minority)
Taiwan (minority)
United States (minority)
Palau (Official in Angaur)
Brazil (minority)

Ryukyuan

Japan (minority)
Brazil (minority)

Language isolate

Basque

France (majority in Northern Basque Country)
Spain (co-official with Spanish in Basque Country and parts of Navarre)

Korean

Brazil (minority)
China (minority, co-official with Chinese in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in Jilin Province)
Japan (minority)
North Korea (official)
South Korea (official)
United States (not official – minority)^[3]

Nihali

India (minority, endangered language)

South Caucasian languages

Georgian

Georgia (official)
Turkey (minority)
Iran
Azerbaijan

Mingrelian language

Georgia (significant language)
Abkhazia (significant language)

Svan language

Georgia

Laz language

Turkey (significant language)
Georgia

Sino-Tibetan languages

Chinese or Sinitic languages

Map of the Sinophone world
Information:

Countries identified Chinese as a primary, administrative, or native language

Countries with more than 5,000,000 Chinese speakers w/ or w/o recognition

Countries with more than 1,000,000 Chinese speakers w/ or w/o recognition

Countries with more than 500,000 Chinese speakers w/ or w/o recognition

Countries with more than 100,000 Chinese speakers w/ or w/o recognition

Major Chinese speaking settlements

The varieties of spoken Chinese in Eastern China and Taiwan.

Yue Chinese

Africa

Angola (minority)
Cape Verde (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
South Africa (minority)

Asia

Brunei (minority)
Cambodia (minority)
China (regional)
Hong Kong (co-official with English)
Indonesia (minority)
Japan (minority)
Laos (minority)
Macau (co-official with Portuguese)
Malaysia (minority)
Burma (minority)
North Korea (minority)
Philippines (minority)
Singapore (minority)
South Korea (minority)
Thailand (minority)
Vietnam (minority)

Europe

Bulgaria (minority)
France (minority)
Germany (minority)
Ireland (minority)
Italy (minority)
Netherlands (minority)
Romania (minority)
Russia (minority)
Serbia (minority)
Spain (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)

North America

Canada (minority)
Cuba (minority)
Dominican Republic (minority)
Jamaica (minority)
Mexico (minority)
Nicaragua (minority)
Panama (minority)
Trinidad and Tobago (minority)
United States (minority)

Oceania

Australia (minority)
Fiji (minority)
New Zealand (minority)
Samoa (minority)
Tonga (minority)

South America

Argentina (minority)
Brazil (minority)
Chile (regional)
Guyana (minority)
Peru (minority)
Suriname (minority)

Gaoyang

China (regional)

Africa

South Africa (minority)

Asia

China (regional)
Indonesia (minority)
Malaysia (minority)
Philippines (minority)
Singapore (minority)
Thailand (minority)
Vietnam (minority)

Europe

United Kingdom (minority)

North America

Canada (minority)
United States (minority)

Oceania

Australia (minority)
New Zealand (minority)

South America

Brazil (minority)
Peru (minority)

Hakka

Africa

Angola (minority)
Cape Verde (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
South Africa (minority)

Asia

Brunei (minority)
Cambodia (minority)
China (regional)
Hong Kong (minority)
Indonesia (minority)
Japan (minority)
Laos (minority)
Macau (minority)
Malaysia (minority)
Burma (minority)
North Korea (minority)
Philippines (minority)
Singapore (minority)
South Korea (minority)
Taiwan (minority)
Thailand (minority)
Vietnam (minority)

Europe

Bulgaria (minority)
France (minority)
Germany (minority)
Ireland (minority)
Italy (minority)
Netherlands (minority)
Romania (minority)
Russia (minority)
Serbia (minority)
Spain (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)

North America

Canada (minority)
Cuba (minority)
Dominican Republic (minority)
Jamaica (minority)
Mexico (minority)
Nicaragua (minority)
Panama (minority)
Trinidad and Tobago (minority)
United States (minority)

Oceania

Australia (minority)
Fiji (minority)
New Zealand (minority)
Samoa (minority)
Tonga (minority)

South America

Argentina (minority)
Brazil (minority)
Chile (regional)
Guyana (minority)
Peru (minority)
Suriname (minority)

Hui

China (regional)

Jin

China (regional)

Mandarin

Jilu Mandarin

China (regional)

Jiaoliao Mandarin

China (regional)

Northeastern Mandarin

China (regional)

Southwestern Mandarin

China (regional)

Africa

Angola (minority)
Cape Verde (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
South Africa (minority)

Asia

Brunei (minority)
Cambodia (minority)
China (national)
Hong Kong (co-official with English and Cantonese)
Indonesia (minority)
Japan (minority)
Laos (minority)
Macau (co-official with Portuguese and Cantonese)
Malaysia (minority)
Burma (minority)
North Korea (minority)
Philippines (minority)
Singapore (co-official with Tamil, English, and Malay)
South Korea (minority)
Taiwan (official)
Thailand (minority)
Vietnam (minority)

Europe

Bulgaria (minority)
France (minority)
Germany (minority)
Ireland (minority)
Italy (minority)
Netherlands (minority)
Romania (minority)
Russia (minority)
Serbia (minority)
Spain (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)

North America

Canada (minority)
Cuba (minority)
Dominican Republic (minority)
Jamaica (minority)
Mexico (minority)
Nicaragua (minority)
Panama (minority)
Trinidad and Tobago (minority)
United States (minority)^[3]

Oceania

Australia (minority)
Fiji (minority)
New Zealand (minority)
Samoa (minority)
Tonga (minority)

South America

Argentina (minority)
Brazil (minority)
Chile (regional)
Guyana (minority)
Peru (minority)
Suriname (minority)

Zhongyuan Mandarin

China (regional)

Min

Leizhou Min

China (regional)

Min Bei

China (regional)

Min Dong

China (regional)

Africa

Angola (minority)
Cape Verde (minority)
Mauritius (minority)
South Africa (minority)

Asia

Brunei (minority)
Cambodia (minority)
China (regional)
Hong Kong (minority)
Indonesia (minority)
Japan (minority)
Laos (minority)
Macau (minority)
Malaysia (minority, lingua franca in Penang)
Burma (minority)
North Korea (minority)
Philippines (minority)
Singapore (minority)
South Korea (minority)
Taiwan (widely spoken, lingua franca alongside with Mandarin, see Taiwanese Minnan)
Thailand (minority)
Vietnam (minority)

Europe

Bulgaria (minority)
France (minority)
Germany (minority)
Ireland (minority)
Italy (minority)
Netherlands (minority)
Romania (minority)
Russia (minority)
Serbia (minority)
Spain (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)

North America

Canada (minority)
Cuba (minority)
Dominican Republic (minority)
Jamaica (minority)
Mexico (minority)
Nicaragua (minority)
Panama (minority)
Trinidad and Tobago (minority)
United States (minority)

Oceania

Australia (minority)
Fiji (minority)
New Zealand (minority)
Samoa (minority)
Tonga (minority)

South America

Argentina (minority)
Brazil (minority)
Chile (regional)
Guyana (minority)
Peru (minority)
Suriname (minority)

Min Zhong

China (regional)

Puxian Min

China (regional)

Hainanese

China (regional)

Pinghua

China (regional)

Wu

China (regional)
Hong Kong (minority)
United States (minority)

Xiang

China (regional)

Malayo-Polynesian languages

Brunei Malay

Brunei (regional)
Malaysia (minority)

Coastal Kadazan

Malaysia (minority)

Iban

Malaysia (regional)
Brunei (minority)
Indonesia (minority)

Malagasy

Comoros (minority)
Madagascar (official)
Mayotte (minority)

Tagalog

Australia (minority)
Brunei (minority)
Canada (minority)
Hong Kong (minority)
Italy (minority)
Japan (minority)
Kuwait (minority)
Malaysia (minority)
Philippines (regional)
Qatar (minority)
Saudi Arabia (minority)
Singapore (minority)
Spain (minority)
Taiwan (minority)
United Arab Emirates (minority)
United Kingdom (minority)
United States (minority)^[3]

Tao

Taiwan (minority)

Tausug

Brunei (minority)
Indonesia (minority)
Malaysia (minority)
Philippines (regional)

Waray-Waray

Philippines (regional)

Zambal

Philippines (regional)

East Fijian

Fijian

Fiji (official)

Micronesian

Carolinian

Northern Mariana Islands (official)
Guam (minority)

Chuukese

Federated States of Micronesia (regional)

Gilbertese

Fiji (minority)
Kiribati (official)
Nauru (minority)
Solomon Islands (minority)
Tuvalu (minority)
Vanuatu (minority)

Kosraean

Federated States of Micronesia (regional)

Marshallese

Marshall Islands (official)

Nauruan

Nauru (official)

Pohnpeian

Federated States of Micronesia (regional)

Sosorolese

Palau (regional)

Tobian

Palau (regional)

Ulithian

Federated States of Micronesia (regional)

Yapese

Federated States of Micronesia (regional)

Polynesian

Cook Islands Māori

Cook Islands (official)

Futunan

Wallis and Futuna (official)

Hawaiian

Hawaii (official)

Māori

New Zealand (co-official with English and New Zealand Sign Language)

Niuean

Cook Islands (minority)
Niue (official)
New Zealand (minority)
Tonga (minority)

Rapa Nui

Easter Island (official)

Samoan

American Samoa (official)
Samoa (official)

Tahitan

French Polynesia (official)

Tokelauan

Tokelau (official)

Tongan

Tonga (official)

American Tongan

Tuvaluan

Tuvalu (official)

Wallisian

Wallis and Futuna (official)

Acehnese

Indonesia (minority)

Balinese

Indonesia (minority)

Banjarese

Indonesia (minority)

Batak Toba

Indonesia (minority)

Buginese

Indonesia (minority)
Malaysia (minority)

Chamorro

Guam (official)
Northern Mariana Islands (official)

Indonesian

Map of locations speakers of Indonesian

Indonesia (official)
Timor-Leste (co-official)
Malaysia (minority)
Brunei (minority)
Singapore (minority)
Thailand (minority)
Philippines (minority)

Javanese

Indonesia (regional)
Malaysia (minority)

Lampung

Indonesia (minority)

Madurese

Indonesia (minority)

Makassarese

Indonesia (minority)

Malay

Malaysia (official)
Brunei (official)
Singapore (co-official)
Indonesia (official)
Thailand (minority)

Minangkabau

Indonesia (regional)
Malaysia (regional)

Palauan

Palau (official)

Rejang

Indonesia (minority)

Sasak

Indonesia (minority)

Tetum

Timor-Leste (official)

Uralic languages

Estonian

Estonia (official)
Finland (minority)
Russia (minority)

Finnish

Finland (co-official with Swedish except in Åland Islands, where Swedish is the only official language)
Estonia (minority)
Russia (minority)
Sweden (minority)

Hungarian

Hungary (official)
Serbia (minority)
Romania (minority)
Slovakia (minority)
Austria (minority)
Ukraine (minority)

Sami

Finland (minority)
Norway (minority)
Russia (minority)
Sweden (minority)

Na-Dene

Navajo

United States^[10]

Apache

Chiricahua

United States

Jicarilla

United States

Lipan Apache

United States

Plains Apache

United States

Mescalero

United States

Western Apache

United States

Iroquoian

Cherokee

Cherokee Nation, Oklahoma

Austroasiatic

Khasi

India (official language in Meghalaya)

Khmer

Cambodia (official)

Mon

Burma Recognised regional language
Thailand (minority)

Vietnamese

Vietnam (official)
United States (minority)^[3]

Tai–Kadai

Lao

Laos (official)
Thailand (minority)

Thai

Thailand (official)

Notes and references

↑ "Welsh Government | Census of population". Wales.gov.uk. Retrieved 2013-12-20.
↑ "1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines". Official website of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved 2008-02-20. (Article XIV, Section 7)
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Johnson, Fern L. "Speaking culturally: language diversity in the United States," Table 1.5: "Speakers age 5 years and older of top 25 languages other than English." Sage Publications, Inc., 1999. Page 12. ISBN 978-0-8039-5912-5. Retrieved August 5, 2011
↑ Syed Yasir Kazmi (October 16, 2009). "Pakistani Bengalis". DEMOTIX. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
↑ "کراچی کے 'بنگالی پاکستانی'(Urdu)". محمد عثمان جامعی. 17 November 2003. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
↑ "The Language Movement : An Outline". Retrieved April 2, 2013.
↑ "Karachi Department of Bengali". Retrieved April 2, 2013.
↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croats_of_Romania
↑ http://www.usefoundation.org/view/981
↑ census.gov 2007 American Community Survey. Accessed 2010-07-13.

External links

Countries and languages lists

Countries

By languages

Spoken	Countries by spoken languages

Official	Countries by the number of recognized official languages Arabic Chinese English French German Portuguese Romanian Russian Spanish Tamil

Endonyms

Countries and capitals in native languages

Exonyms

Languages

By continent	Africa Americas North South Asia East South Europe Oceania

By country	Official languages by state List of languages without official status Countries by the number of recognized official languages Languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language Most widely spoken languages (by number of countries)

By population	By number of native speakers By number of total speakers Languages in censuses

By family	Language families

Language-based geopolitical organizations	Arab League (Arabic) Dutch Language Union (Dutch) Commonwealth of Nations (English) Francophonie (French) Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Portuguese) Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (Portuguese) Latin Union (Romance) Turkic Council (Turkic) International Organization of Turkic Culture (Turkic)

See also	Lists of languages Category:Languages