List of closed cities
This is a list of closed cities. A closed city is a settlement where travel and/or residency restrictions are applied so that specific authorization is required to visit or remain overnight.
Closed cities
- This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Former closed cities
- Kurchatov, Kazakhstan.[2] Was previously known by its postal code, Semipalatinsk-16.
Russia
Closed cities
An aerial view of Baikonur
A view of Seversk, Russia
A street in Snezhinsk, Russia
The cultural center in Zvyozdny, Russia
Unless specified otherwise, the list below includes only main closed city/towns within the closed administrative-territorial formations. Some closed administrative-territorial formations contain other localities in their jurisdiction.
- Closed administrative-territorial formation of Alexandrovsk, Murmansk Oblast (includes the towns of Gadzhiyevo, Polyarny, and Snezhnogorsk)
- Baikonur, a spaceport facility in Kazakhstan, rented and administered by Russia
- Bolshoy Kamen, Primorsky Krai
- Fokino, Primorsky Krai [3]
- Gorny, Zabaykalsky Krai
- Komarovsky, Orenburg Oblast
- Krasnoznamensk, Moscow Oblast
- Lesnoy, Sverdlovsk Oblast – formerly know as Sverdlovsk-45[4][5]
- Lokomotivny, Chelyabinsk Oblast
- Mezhgorye, Republic of Bashkortostan
- Mikhaylovsky, Saratov Oblast
- Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast
- Molodyozhny, Moscow Oblast
- Novouralsk, Sverdlovsk Oblast – formerly known as Sverdlovsk-44[4][5]
- Ostrovnoy, Murmansk Oblast
- Ozyorny, Tver Oblast
- Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast [5] – was known as Chelyabinsk-65, and even earlier, as Chelyabinsk-40 (the digits are the last digits of the postal code, and the name is that of the nearest big city; which was a common practice of giving names to closed towns).
- Pervomaysky, Kirov Oblast
- Raduzhny, Vladimir Oblast
- Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast – formerly known as Arzamas-16[4]
- Severomorsk, Murmansk Oblast
- Seversk, Tomsk Oblast – formerly know as Tomsk-7[4][5][6]
- Shikhany, Saratov Oblast
- Sibirsky, Altai Krai
- Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast – formerly known as Chelyabinsk-70[5]
- Snezhnogorsk, Murmansk Oblast
- Solnechny, Krasnoyarsk Krai
- Solnechny, Tver Oblast
- Star City,[7] Moscow Oblast
- Svetly, Saratov Oblast
- Svobodny, Sverdlovsk Oblast
- Tryokhgorny, Chelyabinsk Oblast; formerly know as Zlatoust-36[5]
- Uglegorsk, Amur Oblast
- Uralsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast
- Vidyayevo, Murmansk Oblast
- Vilyuchinsk, Kamchatka Krai
- Vlasikha, Moscow Oblast
- Voskhod, Moscow Oblast
- Zaozyorsk, Murmansk Oblast
- Zarechny, Penza Oblast – formerly known as Penza-19[4][5][8]
- Zelenogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai − formerly known as Krasnoyarsk-45[4][5][7]
- Zheleznogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai. Previously known as Krasnoyarsk-26.[4][5][9]
- Znamensk, Astrakhan Oblast [10]
- Zvyozdny gorodok, Moscow Oblast
- Zvyozdny, Perm Krai
Other status
The following localities do not have closed city status, but travel restrictions were imposed in November 2001 to all non-Russians, except for Belarusians
- Dudinka, Krasnoyarsk Krai
- Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai [11][12]
Former closed cities
- Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. Nizhny Novgorod was previously named Gorky.[7]
- Perm [13]
- Tomsk [6]
- Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai [7]
- Zelenograd, Administrative okrug of Moscow – was a closed city until 1991[14]
-
A view of Perm
-
The 16th microdistrict of Zelenograd
Ukraine
Formerly closed cities
See also
- Naukograd (lit. science city), a formal designation for towns with high concentration of research and development facilities in Russia and the Soviet Union, some specifically built by the Soviet Union for these purposes
References
- ↑ Wofford, Taylor (September 28, 2014). "A Look Inside the ‘Closed Cities,' the Radioactive Ruins on Russia's Border With Kazakhstan". Newsweek. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Slobig, Zaxhary (October 15, 2014). "Photos: The Ruins of the USSR’s Secret Nuclear Cities". Wired. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Chuen, Cristina Hansell (May 24, 2007). "Russian Nuclear-Powered Submarine Dismantlement and Related Activities: A Critique". James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Kassenova, Togzhan (2007). From Antagonism to Partnership: The Uneasy Path of the U.S.-Russian Cooperative Threat Reduction. Columbia University Press. p. 244. ISBN 3898217078.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 Sokova, Elena (June 1, 2002). "Russia's Ten Nuclear Cities". Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Stewart, Will (December 6, 2009). "Were Russian security services behind the leak of 'Climategate' emails?". Daily Mail. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Gray, Nathan (April 15, 2013). "Investment questions for Russia’s closed cities". The Moscow News. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Mangione, Giulia (June 16, 2014). "Zarechny: a rare glimpse into one of Russia's last closed cities". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Zhigulsky, Anton (October 25, 1995). "Former Closed Cities Host International Fair". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Nemtsova, Anna. "Secret Cities Revealed". The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ "Russia Closes City to Foreigners". WorldNetDaily. November 28, 2001. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Connolly, Kevin (December 11, 2001). "The closed city of Norilsk". BBC News. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Jones, Finn-Olaf (July 22, 2011). "A Bilbao on Siberia’s Edge?". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
- ↑ Potts, Andy (January 29, 2009). "Go green, young man". The Moscow News. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
- ↑ "Wish you were here...? Cruise firm sets sail for world's trouble spots". The Independent. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
Further reading
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Closed cities. |
- Bukharin, Oleg (September/October 1998). "Retooling Russia's Nuclear Cities". The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists – Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science.
- Feshbach, Murray (July 18, 1993). "The Secret And Dangerous Life In Russia's Forbidden Cities". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- Sneider, Daniel (February 4, 1992). "Visit to 'Closed' City Brings Quick Celebrity". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 13 January 2015.