List of butterflies of India (Coeliadinae)

Common Awl

A total of 22 species belonging to four genera of the Coeliadinae (family Hesperiidae), or the Awls, Awlets and Awlkings, as they are commonly called, are found in India. These are relatively large skippers which inhabit dense forests, mostly evergreen, and have dicotyledonous host-plants. The vividly marked, smooth, cylindrical caterpillars construct cells from leaves within which they metamorphose into stout pupae. These skippers tend to synchronise egg-laying followed by migration, sometimes to sub-optimal habitats in search of fresh supplies of host-plants.

The Awls and related genera have long, narrow fore wings, rounded hind wings with a characteristic deep fold at the inner margin and produced at the tornus. The adult sexes are alike excepting that males have specialised scales and scent brands on the forewings. They have large labial palpi which have a thin third segment protruding ahead of the eye. The eyes are large, an adaptation to the crespuscular habits of this species.

Checklist

Badamia - The Brown Awl

Brown Awl.

• Brown Awl, Badamia exclamationis (Fabricius, 1775)^[1][2]

Bibasis - The diurnal Awlets

Note: Bibasis contains just three diurnal species, of which only one occurs in India; the crepuscular remainder having been removed to Burara. The species now shifted to Burara are morphologically and behaviorally distinct from Bibasis, within which many authors have formerly included them.^[3]

• Orange-tail Awl, Bibasis sena (Moore, 1865)^[4][5]

Burara - The crepuscular Awlets

Orange-striped Awl.

• Pale Green Awlet, Burara gomata (Moore, 1865),^[4][6] formerly Bibasis gomata.
• Small Green Awlet Burara amara (Moore, 1865),^[4][7][8] formerly Bibasis amara.
• Plain Orange Awlet Burara anadi de Nicéville, 1883^[4][7][9] formerly Bibasis anadi.
• Orange Awlet Burara harisa (Moore, 1865),^[4][7][10] formerly Bibasis harisa.
• Orange-striped Awl, Burara jaina (Moore, 1865),^[4][11] formerly Bibasis jaina.
• Branded Orange Awlet Burara oedipodea ((Swainson, 1820),^[4][7][12] formerly Bibasis oedipodea.
• Green Awlet Burara vasutana Moore, 1865^[4][7][13] formerly Bibasis vasutana.

Choaspes - The Awlkings

Indian Awlking.

• Indian Awlking, Choaspes benjaminii Guérin-Méneville, 1843)^[14][15][16]
• Branded Awlking Choaspes plateni (Staudinger, 1888)^{[7][15][16][17]}
• Similar Awlking Choaspes xanthopogon (Kollar, 1844)^{[7][15][16][18][19]}
• Hooked Awlking Choaspes furcata Evans, 1932^{[15][16][20][21]}

Hasora - The Awls

Common Banded Awl.

• Slate Awl, Hasora anura de Nicéville, 1889 ^[22][23][24]
• Common Banded Awl, Hasora chromus (Cramer, 1780)^{[7][22][24][25][26]}
• White Banded Awl, Hasora taminatus (Hübner, 1818)^[22][24][27]
• Yellow Banded Awl, Hasora schoenherr (Latreille, 1824)^[22][24][28]
• Common Awl, Hasora badra (Moore, 1857)^[22][24][29]
• Plain Banded Awl, Hasora vitta (Butler, 1870)^[22][24][30]
• Large Banded Awl Hasora khoda (Mabille, 1876)^[22][24][31]
• Violet Awl, Hasora leucospila (Mabille, 1891) ^[32][33]
• Green Awl, Hasora salanga (Plötz, 1885) ^[34][35]

This list forms part of the full list of butterflies of India (Hesperiidae) which itself is part of the complete list of butterflies of India.

Cited references

References

Print

• Evans, W.H. (1932) The Identification of Indian Butterflies. 2nd Ed, (i to x, pp454, 9 figs, Plates I to XXXII), Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India.
• Gay,Thomas; Kehimkar,Isaac & Punetha,J.C. (1992) Common Butterflies of India. WWF-India and Oxford University Press, Mumbai, India.
• Haribal, Meena. (1992) Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and their Natural History (pp 217). Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation.
• Kunte, Krushnamegh. (2000) Butterflies of Peninsular India, (i to xviii, pp254, Plates 1 to 32) Universities Press (India) Ltd, Hyderabad (reprint 2006). ISBN 81-7371-354-5
• Watson, E. Y. (1891) Hesperiidae indicae. Vest and Co. Madras.
• Wynter-Blyth, M.A. (1957) Butterflies of the Indian Region, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, India.

Online

• Beccaloni, G. W., Scoble, M. J., Robinson, G. S. & Pitkin, B. (Editors). 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex). World Wide Web electronic publication. (accessed 26 September 2007).
• Brower, Andrew V. Z. and Warren, Andrew, (2007). Coeliadinae Evans 1937. Version 21 February 2007 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Coeliadinae/12150/2007.02.21 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/.
• Savela, Marrku Website on Lepidoptera and some other life forms (accessed 26 September 2007)

See also

• Coeliadinae
• Hesperiidae
• List of butterflies of India
• List of butterflies of India (Hesperiidae)

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