List of Romanian composers
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- Costică Andrei (1928-), composer of Romanian carols and other choral music
- Corneliu Cezar (1937-1997), postmodernist, electro-acoustic, isonic spectral music initiator.
- Ana-Maria Avram (1961-), spectral music composer
- Ludovic Bács (1930-), composer, conductor and instrumentalist
- George Balint (1961-)
- Filaret Barbu (1903–1984), composer, known for the operetta Ana Lugojana
- Pascal Bentoiu (1927-), Modernist composer
- Bogdan Bradu (1968-), composer, singer and violinist
- Nicolae Brânzeu (1907–1983), composer and conductor
- Tiberiu Brediceanu (1877–1968), composer and folklorist
- Nicolae Bretan (1887–1968), opera composer, also baritone, conductor and critic
- Eduard Caudella (1841–1924), composer, wrote the first Romanian opera, Petru Rareș
- Sergiu Celibidache ( 1912–1996 ), composer and conductor
- Nicolae Coman (1936-), composer and poet
- Paul Constantinescu (1909–1963), composer, especially of religious and vocal music, also wrote music for Romanian films
- Vladimir Cosma (born 1940), composer, conductor and violinist
- Dimitrie Cuclin (1885–1978), classical music composer, musicologist, philosopher, translator and writer
- Gheorghe Cucu (1882–1932), folklorist and composer
- Liviu Dănceanu (1954-)
- Dan Dediu (1967-), Postmodernist composer
- Constantin Dimitrescu (1847–1928), composer of Peasant Dance
- Grigoraș Dinicu (1889–1949), composer best known for his violin showpiece Hora staccato
- Sabin Drăgoi (1894–1968), composer and folklorist, one of the pioneers of scientific gathering of Romanian folklore
- Iancu Dumitrescu (1944-), avant-garde music composer
- George Enescu (1881–1955), composer, violinist, pianist, conductor and teacher
- Octav Firulescu (1959-), composer and music professor
- Alexander Flechtenmacher (1823–1898), composed the operetta Baba Harca
- Valentin Gheorghiu (1928-), pianist and composer
- George Grigoriu (1927–1999), composer of The Danube Waves operetta
- Philip Herschkowitz (1906-1989), Romanian-born American composer
- Mircea Hoinic (1910–1986), composer and conductor
- Ion Ivanovici (1845–1902), composer of The Danube Waves waltz
- Mihail Jora (1891–1971), "the father of Romanian ballet"; works include Intoarcerea din adâncuri and La piață
- Nicolae Kirculescu (1903–1985), composer of theatre and film music, including the theme of the television programme Teleenciclopedia
- Dumitru Georgescu Kiriac (1866-1928)
- Sorin Lerescu (1953-)
- Sammy Lerner (1903-1989), Romanian-born American composer
- György Ligeti (1923-2006), Romanian-born Hungarian and Austrian composer
- Dinu Lipatti (1917–1950), pianist and composer
- Cristian Matei (1977-)
- Marcel Mihalovici (1898–1985)
- Marțian Negrea (1893–1973), composer, teacher and conductor
- Octavian Nemescu (1940-)
- Ştefan Niculescu (1927–2008), composer and professor
- Tiberu Olah (1928-2002), composer, professor and musicologist
- Paraschiv Oprea (1937–2004), conductor, musician and composer
- Anton Pann (1790s-1854), wrote Romania's national anthem and music for the Orthodox Divine Liturgy
- Cristian Pațurcă (1964-2011)
- Ionel Perlea (1900–1970), composer and conductor
- Ciprian Porumbescu (1853–1883)
- Theodor Rogalski (1901–1954), composer, conductor and pianist, specialising in chamber and symphonic music
- Doina Rotaru (1951-), composer of mainly orchestral and chamber works
- Constantin Silvestri (1913–1969), composer, lived in England
- Ioan Scărlătescu (1872–1922)
- Matei Socor (1908–1980), composer and musician
- Octave Octavian Teodorescu (1963-)
- Teodor Teodorescu (1876-1920), composer of the a cappella work Cucul
- Cornel Trăilescu (1926-), opera composer and conductor
- Cornel Ţăranu (1934-)
- Gheorghe Ucenescu (1830-1896), ethnic Romanian composer from Transylvania
- Anatol Vieru (1926–1998), composer of symphonic, chamber and choral music; winner of Herder Prize in 1986
- Roman Vlad (1919–2013), Romanian-born Italian composer, pianist and musicologist
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