List of Mesopotamian dynasties
Early Dynastic period
Date | Lagash | Umma | Uruk | Ur | King of Kish |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2500 BC | Urnanshe | Pabilgaltukh | Meskalamdug | Meskalamdug | |
Akurgal | Ush | Akalamdug | |||
2450 BC | Eanatum | Enakale | Mesannepada Aannepada |
Mesannepada Eanatum | |
Enanatum I | Urluma | Meskiagnuna | |||
2400 BC | Entemena | Lugalkiginedudu | Lugalkiginedudu | Lugalkiginedudu | |
Enanatum II | Lugalkisalsi | Lugalkisalsi | |||
Enentarsi | Gishakidu U' u |
Elili | Lugalsilasi | ||
Lugalanda | Urzage Lugal-TAR |
Urzage | |||
2350 BC | UruKAgina | Lugalzagesi | Enshakushana | Enbi' ishtar | |
Lugalzagesi | Urzababa | ||||
Sargon of Akkad |
Late third to mid-second millennium BCE
Dynasty of Agade | ||||
2300 BCE | Sargon of Akkad 2334–2279 BCE | |||
Rimush 2278–2270 BCE | ||||
Manishtusu 2269–2255 BCE | ||||
Naram-Sin 2254–2218 BCE | ||||
2200 BCE | Sharkalisharri 2217–2193 BCE | |||
King unknown 2192–2190 BCE | ||||
Dudu 2189–2169 BCE | Gudea (2nd Dynasty of Lagash]]) | |||
Shu-Turul 2168–2154 BCE | ||||
3rd Dynasty of Ur | ||||
Ur-Namma 2112–2095 BCE | ||||
2110 BCE | Shulgi 2094–2047 BCE | |||
Amar-Sin 2046–2038 BCE | ||||
Shu-Sin 2037–2029 BCE | ||||
Ibbi-Sin 2028–2004 BCE | ||||
Isin-Larsa/Old Babylonian Period | ||||
Isin | Larsa | Babylon | Assur | |
Ishbi-Erra 2017–1985 BCE | Naplanum 2025–2005 BCE | Ushpia circa 2030 BCE | ||
2000 BCE | Emisum 2004–1977 BCE | Apiashal | ||
Shu-Ilishu 1984–1975 BCE | Sulili | |||
Iddin-Dagan 1974–1954 BCE | Samium 1976–1942 BCE | |||
Ishme-Dagan 1953–1935 BCE | Zambaja 1941–1933 BCE | Kikkiya | ||
Lipit-Ishtar 1934–1924 BCE | Gungunum 1932–1906 BCE | Akiya | ||
Ur-Ninurta 1923–1896 BCE | Puzur-Ashur I circa 1975 BCE | |||
1900 BCE | Bur-Sin 1895–1897 BCE | Abisare 1905–1895 BCE | Shalim-ahum died 1946 BCE | |
Lipit-Enlil 1873–1869 BCE | Sumuel 1894–1866 BCE | Sumuabum 1894–1881 BCE | Ilu-shumma 1945 - 1906 BCE | |
Erra-imitti 1868–1861 BCE | Nur-Adad 1865–1850 BCE | Sumulael 1880–1845 BCE | Erishum I 1905–1867 BCE | |
Enlil-bani 1860–1837 BCE | Sin-Iddinam 1849–1843 BCE | |||
Zambiya 1836–1834 BCE | Sin-Eribam 1842–1841 BCE | Sabium 1844–1831 BCE | Ikunun 1867–1860 BCE | |
Iter-pisha 1833–1831 BCE | Sin-Iqisham 1840–1836 BCE | Sargon I 1865 BCE | ||
Ur-du-kuga 1830–1828 BCE | Silli-Adad 1835 BCE | Apil-Sin 1830–1813 BCE | Puzur-Assur II | |
Suen-magir 1827–1817 BCE | Warad-Sin 1834–1823 BCE | Erishum II 1819–1814 BCE | ||
1800 BCE | Damiq-ilishu 1816–1794 BCE | Rim-Sin I 1822–1763 BCE | Sin-muballit 1812–1793 BCE | Shamshi-Adad I 1813–1781 BCE |
Hammurapi 1792–1750 BCE | Ishme-Dagan 1790 - 1751 BCE | |||
Rim-Sin II | Samsuiluna 1749–1712 BCE | Mut-Ashkur 1750 | ||
1700 BCE | Abi-eshuh 1711–1684 BCE | Rimush | ||
Ammiditana 1683–1647 BCE | Asinum | |||
Ammisaduqa 1646–1626 BCE | Adasi 1720 BCE | |||
1600 BCE | Samsuditana 1625–1595 BCE | |||
"Dark Age" |
Mitanni
Shuttarna I(son of Kirta) | |
Parattarnar | |
Saushtatar(son of Parsatatar) | |
Artatama I | |
Shuttarna II | |
Artashumara | |
Tushratta | Artatama II |
Shattiwaza | Shuttarna III |
Shattuara | |
Wasashatta | |
Shattuara II |
Mid-second to first millennium BC
Babylonia | Assyria | |
---|---|---|
Kassite Dynasty [5] | ||
Gandaš | ||
Agum Maḫrû | ||
Kaštiliašu I | ||
? Abi-Rattaš | ||
? Kaštiliašu II | ||
Urzigurumaš | ||
Ḫarba-x, ? Ḫurbazum | ||
? Šipta’ulzi | ||
? Agum-Kakrime | ||
1500 BC | Burna-Buriaš I | Puzur-Aššur III 1503 - 1479 BC |
? Kaštiliašu III | ||
? Ulamburiaš | ||
? Agum III | ||
? | ||
Kara-indaš 1413 BC | Aššur-bêl-nišešu 1407 - 1399 BC | |
1400 BC | Kadašman-Ḫarbe I | Middle Assyrian Kingdom |
Kurigalzu I | ||
Kadašman-Enlil I 1374–1360 BC | Aššur-uballiṭ 1363–1328 BC | |
Burna-Buriaš II 1359–1333 BC | ||
Kara-ḫardaš 1333 BC | ||
Nazi-Bugaš 1333 BC | ||
Kurigalzu II 1332–1308 BC | Enlil-nīrāri 1327–1318 BC Arik-den-ili 1317–1306 BC | |
1300 BC | Nazi-Maruttaš 1307–1282 BC | Adad-nīrāri I 1305–1274 BC |
Kadašman-Turgu 1281–1264 BC | Shalmaneser I 1273–1244 BC | |
Kadašman-Enlil II 1263–1255 BC | ||
Kudur-Enlil 1254–1246 BC | ||
Šagarakti-Šuriaš 1245–1233 BC | Tukulti-Ninurta I 1243–1207 BC | |
Kaštiliašu IV 1232–1225 BC | ||
Enlil-nādin-šumi 1224 BC | ||
Kadašman-Ḫarbe II 1223 BC | ||
Adad-šuma-iddina 1222–1217 BC | ||
1200 BC | Adad-šuma-uṣur 1216–1187 BC | Assur-nadin-apli 1206–1203 BC Assur-nirari III 1202–1197 BC Enlil-Kudurri-usur 1196–1192 BC Ninuta-apil-ekur 1191–1179 BC |
Meli-Šipak 1186–1172 BC | Aššur-dan I 1178–1133 BC | |
Marduk-apla-iddina I 1171–1159 BC | ||
Zababa-šuma-iddina 1158 BC | ||
Enlil-nādin-aḫi 1157–1155 BC | ||
Post-Kassite Period[2] | ||
Second Dynasty of Isin | ||
Marduk-kabit-ahheshu 1157–1140 BC | ||
Itti-Marduk-balatu 1139–1132 BC | Assur-resh-ishi I 1132–1115 BC | |
Ninurta-nadin-shumi 1131–1126 BC | ||
Nebuchadnezzar I 1125–1104 BC | Tiglath-Pileser I 1114–1076 BC | |
Enlil-nadin-apli 1103–1100 BC | ||
1100 BC | Marduk-nadin-ahhe 1099–1082 BC | |
Marduk-shapik-zeri 1081–1069 BC | ||
Adad-apla-iddina 1068–1047 BC | ||
Marduk-ahhe-eriba 1046 BC | ||
Marduk-zer-X 1045–1034 BC | ||
Nabu-shum-libur 1033–1026 BC | ||
Second Sealand Dynasty | ||
Simbar-shipak 1025–1008 BC | ||
Ea-mukin-zeri 1008 BC | ||
Kashshu-nadin-ahi 1007–1005 BC | ||
Bazi Dynasty 1004–985 BC | ||
1000 BC | Eulmash-shakin-shumi 1004–988 BC | |
Ninurta-kudurri-usur I 987–985 BC | ||
Shirikti-shuqamuna 985 BC | ||
Elamite Dynasty 984–979 BC | ||
Mar-biti-apla-usur 984–979 BC | ||
Various Dynasties 978–626 BC | ||
Nabû-mukin-apli 978–943 BC | ||
Ninurta-kudurri-usur II 943 BC | ||
Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina 942 BC | Neo-Assyrian Empire | |
Shamash-mudammiq | ||
Nabu-shuma-ukin I | Assur-dan II 934–912 BC | |
900 BC | Napu-apla-iddina | Adad-nirari II 911–891 BC |
Marduk-zakir-shumi I | Tukulti-Ninurta II 890–884 BC | |
Marduk-balassu-iqbi 813 BC | Assurnasirpal II 883–859 BC | |
Baba-aha-iddina 812 BC | Shalmaneser III 858–824 BC | |
XNinurta-apl?-[x] | Shamshi-Adad V 823–811 BC | |
800 BC | Marduk-bel-zeri | Adad-nirari III 810–783 BC |
Marduk-apla-usur | Shalmaneser IV 782–773 BC | |
Eriba-Marduk | Assur-dan III 772–755 BC | |
Nabu-shuma-ishkun 760–748 BC | Assur-nirari V 754–745 BC | |
Nabu-nasir 747–734 BC | Tiglath-pileser III 744–727 BC | |
Nabu-nadin-zeri 733–732 BC | ||
Nabu-shuma-ukin II 732 BC | ||
Nabu-mukin-zeri 731–729 BC | ||
Tiglath-pileser III/Pulu 728–727 BC | ||
Shalmaneser V/Ululaju 726–722 BC | Shalmaneser V 726–722 BC | |
Merodach-Baladan II 721–710 BC | Sargon II 721–705 BC | |
Sargon II709–705 BC | ||
Sennacherib 704–703 BC | Sennacherib 704–681 BC | |
Marduk-zakir-shumi 703 BC | ||
Merodach-Baladan II 703 BC | ||
700 BC | Bel-ibni 702–700 BC | |
Assur-nadin-shumi 699–694 BC | ||
Nergal-ushezib 693 BC | ||
Mushezib-Marduk 692–689 BC | ||
Sennacherib 688–681 BC | ||
Esarhaddon 680–669 BC | Esarhaddon 680–669 BC | |
Ashurbanipal 668 BC | Ashurbanipal668–627 BC | |
Shamash-shum-ukin 667–648 BC | ||
Kandalanu 646–627 BC | ||
interregnum | Assur-etel-ilani | |
Sin-shuma-lishir | Sin-shuma-lishir | |
Sin-shar-ishkun | Sin-shar-ishkun | |
Assur-uballit II 611–608 BC | ||
Neo-Babylonian Dynasty | ||
600 BC | Nabopolasser 625–605 BC | |
Nebuchadnezzar II 604–562 BC | ||
Evil-Merodach 561–560 BC | ||
Neriglissar 559–556 BC | ||
Labashi-Marduk 556 BC | ||
Nabonidus 555–539 BC | ||
Eclipse and Venus observation records
![](../I/m/Venus_Tablet_of_Ammisaduqa.jpg)
Base on an Assyria record of Eclipse on June 15, 763 BC, and the related date documents between Assyria and Babylonia, the dates after 1400 BC are reliable. According to the Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, a record of astronomical observations of Venus in Old Babylonian Empire king Ammisaduqa (1646–1626 BC), the rough date can be concluded. But about the accuracy date, the Historians have different opinions, in high chronology the finish date of Old Babylonian is 1651 BC, in middle chronology the finish date of Old Babylonian is 1595 BC,and in low chronology the finish date of Old Babylonian is 1531 BC. In this article we use the middle chronology, same as most of the books about Mesopotamia, but there are many evidence support the low chronology (even extreme low chronology).[7]
See also
Notes
- ↑ The University of Pennsylvania Museum & Beijing World Art Museum 2007, p. 153
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 J. A. Brinkman (1977). "Appendix: Mesopotamian Chronology of the Historical Period". In A. L. Oppenheim. Ancient Mesopotamia: Portrait of a Dead Civilization. Chicago. pp. 335–348.
- ↑ The University of Pennsylvania Museum & Beijing World Art Museum 2007, pp. 154–155
- ↑ The University of Pennsylvania Museum & Beijing World Art Museum 2007, p. 156
- ↑ J. A. Brinkman (1976). "A Chronology of the Kassite Dynasty". Materials for the Study of Kassite History, Vol. I. Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. pp. 26–27.
- ↑ The University of Pennsylvania Museum & Beijing World Art Museum 2007, pp. 157–159
- ↑ The University of Pennsylvania Museum & Beijing World Art Museum 2007, pp. 27–28
Bibliography
- The University of Pennsylvania Museum; Beijing World Art Museum (Feb 2007). Mesopotamia (in Chinese) (1st ed.). Beijing: Heritage Press. ISBN 978-7-5010-2112-3.
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