List of Haitians
This is a list of Haitians, born in Haiti or possessing Haitian citizenship, notable in Haiti and abroad. Due to Haitian nationality laws, dual citizenship is now permitted by the Constitution of Haiti, therefore people of Haitian ancestry born outside of the country are not included in this list, unless they have renounced their foreign citizenship or have resided extensively in Haiti and made significant contributions to Haitian government or society. The list includes both native born and naturalized Haitians, as well as permanent foreign residents who have been recognized internationally for artistic, cultural, economic, historical, criminal, and political reasons, among others. If not indicated here, their birth in Haiti and notability are mentioned in their main article. This list does not include fictional characters or Haitian associations and organizations.
This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Anthropologists
Artists
A master painter and main contributors to the Saint Soleil art movement,
Levoy Exil
- Abner Dubic - painter[8]
- André LeBlanc - renowned comic book artist[9]
- Arijac - painter[10]
- Alexandre Grégoire - painter[11][12]
- Antonio Joseph - painter, sculptor, and screen-printer[13][14]
- Bourmond Byron - painter[15][16]
- Castera Bazile - painter[17]
- Charles Frédéric Chassériau - born in 1802 in Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue, (now Haiti) - Chief architect of Marseille and Algiers[18]
- Dieudonné Cédor - painter[19]
- Edith Hollant - photographer and painter[20][21]
- Edouard Duval-Carrié - painter and sculptor[22][23]
- Edouard Wah - was a renowned Haitian painter[24]
- Eric Jean-Louis - painter[25][26]
- Etienne Chavannes - painter[27]
- Eugène Jean - painter[28][29]
- Fabolon Blaise - painter[30][31]
- Francis Paraison - painter[32]
- Gabriel Alix - painter[33]
- Georges Auguste - painter[34]
- Georges Hector - painter[35]
- Gerald Bloncourt - painter and photographer[36]
- Gérard Fombrun - sculptor[37]
- Gervais Emmanuel Ducasse - painter[38]
- Gesner Abelard - painter and sculptor[39][40]
- Gesner Armand - painter[41]
- Gisou Lamothe - painter and sculptor[42][43]
- Guerdy J. Préval - painter[44][45]
- Gisou Lamothe - painter and sculptor[46][47]
- Guy Joachim - painter[48]
- Hector Hyppolite - painter[49][50]
- Henri Jean-Louis - painter[51]
- Henry-Robert Brésil - painter[52]
- Jacques-Enguerrand Gourgue - one of Haiti's most renowned painters of the 20th century[53][54][55]
- Jacques Gabriel - painter[56]
- Jackson Ambroise - painter[57]
- Jackson Georges - painter[58]
- Jacqueline Nesti Joseph - painter[59]
- Jean-Baptiste Bottex - painter[60]
- Jean-Baptiste Jean - painter[61][62][63]
- Jean-Claude Castera - painter[64]
- Jean-Claude Garoute - painter and sculptor[65]
- Jean-Louis - painter[66]
- Jean-René Jérôme - painter, and considered one of Haiti's greatest artists[67][68][69]
- Laurent Casimir - artist[70]
- Leonel Jules - painter[71]
- Levoy Exil - is a master Haitian artist and painter; He is one of the main contributors to the Saint Soleil art movement[72]
- Louisiane Saint Fleurant - artist and painter[73]
- Luckner Lazard - painter and sculptor[74][75]
- Ludovic Booz - painter and sculptor[76]
- Lyonel Laurenceau - painter[77]
- Marie-José Nadal-Gardère - painter and sculptor[78]
- Maurice Borno - painter[79]
- Max Gerbier - painter[80]
- Montas Antoine - painter[81]
- Murat Brierre - one of Haiti's principal metal sculptors[82]
- Nehemy Jean - painter and graphic artist[83][84]
- Nicolas Dreux - painter[85]
- Peterson Laurent - painter[86][87]
- Petion Savain - prolific painter[88]
- Philippe Dodard - graphic artist and painter[89]
- Philomé Obin - painter[90]
- Préfète Duffaut - painter[91][92][93][94]
- Prosper Pierre-Louis - artist, painter; and one of the main contributors to the local school of the Saint Soleil art movement[95]
- Ralph Chapoteau - painter[96]
- Ralph Allen - painter[97]
- Rigaud Benoit - one of the three or four most highly prized Haitian artists[98]
- Roland Blain - painter[99]
- Roland Dorcely - painter[100]
- Rose-Marie Desruisseau - painter[101]
- Sacha Thébaud - aka "Tebó", artist, sculptor, architect, furniture designer and known for encaustics in international contemporary fine art; 1934-2004[102]
- Saint-Louis Blaise - painter[103]
- Samuel Roker - painter[104]
- Serge Moléon Blaise - painter[105]
- Seymour Etienne Bottex - painter[106]
- Stevenson Magloire - painter[107]
- Thony Belizaire - photographer and photojournalist[108][109]
- Villard Denis - painter[110]
- Wilson Bigaud - painter[111][112]
Business
Crime
Economists/Finance
Entertainment
- Arnold Antonin – film director
- Emmanuel Pierre-Antoine - professional ballroom dancer
- Fabienne Colas - actress, director and producer and head of the Fabienne Colas Foundation
- Garcelle Beauvais - television actress (NYPD Blue, The Jamie Foxx Show)
- Jean-Claude La Marre - writer, director, and film and television actor
- Jean-Léon Destiné - dancer and choreographer
- Jeanne Duval - muse, actress and dancer
- Jeanne-Marie Marsan - French dramatic actress and an opera singer who moved to Saint-Domingue
- Jimmy Jean-Louis, model and actor (film Phat Girlz; television series Heroes)
- Johny Joseph - news anchor
- Lenelle Moïse - actress, playwright and poet
- Luck Mervil – Canadian actor and singer-songwriter
- Minette et Lise - the most popular duet actresses of Saint-Domingue
- Panou - Canadian actor
- Perri Pierre - award-winning filmmaker and actor
- Pierre-Louis Dieufaite - actor
- Raoul Peck, film director
- Sony Esteus, radio journalist
- Stanley Barbot - Haitian-American radio personality
- Vladimir Thelisma, actor, director, screen writer, and sociologist
- Val Jeanty, electronic music artist[115]
Fashion designers
- Berny Martin - founder of Catou
- Fabrice Simon - award-winning artist and fashion designer, best known for his handmade beaded dresses
Historical personalities
- Adélina Lévêque - was Empress Consort of Haiti from 1849 until 1859, as wife of Faustin I of Haiti
- Alice Garoute - Haitian suffragist and women's rights advocates among the founders of Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale
- Alix Pasquet - a World War II fighter pilot, one of only five Haitian members of the Tuskegee Airmen
- Anacaona - was a Taíno cacica (chief) at the time of arrival of Christopher Columbus
- Catherine Flon - sewed the first Haitian flag
- Charles Terres Weymann - racing pilot and businessman
- Cécile Fatiman - Vodou priestess and a figure of the Haitian Revolution
- Charlemagne Péralte, nationalist leader who opposed the U.S. Invasion
- Clairvius Narcisse, man said to have been turned into a living zombie by a combination of drugs
- Dutty Boukman, slave who was one of the most visible early leaders of the Haitian Revolution
- Emmanuel Wilmer - martyr who was killed in an armed assault on Cité Soleil carried out by MINUSTAH forces
- François Mackandal – houngan (Vodou priest) and rebel slave leader
- Georges Biassou – rebel slave
- Gérard Pierre-Charles - politician and former leader of the Unified Party of Haitian Communists
- Guy François - colonel of the armed forces of Haiti. François was accused twice of conspiring to overthrow the government of Haiti, in 1989 and in 2001
- Jean Baptiste Point du Sable - Founder of Chicago born in Saint-Domingue, the modern-day Haiti
- Jean-Baptiste Chavannes (soldier) - Haitian soldier and abolitionist
- Jean François – rebel slave
- Jeannot – rebel slave
- Joseph Philippe Lemercier Laroche, engineer and passenger on the ill-fated RMS Titanic
- Luckner Cambronne - head of the Tonton Macoutes; known as the "Vampire of the Caribbean" for his profiting from the sale of Haitian blood and cadavers to the West for medical uses
- Macaya, a traitor
- Madame Max Adolphe - the right hand woman of François Duvalier during his presidency in Haiti
- Magloire Ambroise, a hero of the Haitian Independence
- Marie-Claire Heureuse Félicité, the Empress of Haiti (1804-1806) as the spouse of Jean-Jacques Dessalines
- Marie-Madeleine Lachenais - the first First Lady of Haiti to Alexandre Pétion
- Marie St. Fleur - the first Haitian U.S. Massachusetts State Representative
- Michel François - a colonel in the Haitian army, who plotted a coup d'etat
- Sanité Bélair - Freedom fighter and revolutionary; sergeant in the army of Toussaint Louverture
- Victoire Jean-Baptiste - a Haitian politician de facto, mistress to President Florvil Hyppolite
Lawyers
Literature
- Abner Dieujuste - author and poet
- Ady Jean-Gardy - journalist and activist; founder of the Haitian Press Federation
- Alain Turnier - historian
- Alibée Féry - playwright, poet, and storyteller
- Anténor Firmin - anthropologist, journalist, and politician
- Antoine Dupré - poet and playwright
- Aubelin Jolicoeur - columnist
- Beaubrun Ardouin - historian and politician
- Boisrond-Tonnerre - the author of the Independence Act of Haiti
- Carl Brouard - poet
- Céligny Ardouin - historian and politician
- Charles Moravia - poet, dramatist, teacher, and diplomat
- Choiseul Henriquez - journalist
- Christophe Charles - poet
- Coriolan Ardouin - romantic poet
- Dantès Bellegarde - historian and diplomat
- Dany Laferrière - Haitian-Canadian novelist and journalist, member of the Académie française
- Demesvar Delorme - theoretician, writer, and politician
- Edmond Laforest - poet
- Edner Brutus - historian, diplomat and politician
- Edris Saint-Amand - novelist
- Edwidge Danticat - American author
- Emeric Bergeaud - novelist
- Émile Nau - historian and politician
- Émile Roumer - poet
- Etzer Vilaire - poet
- Félix Morisseau-Leroy - Haitian-American author, writer, educator, activist, poet, and playwright
- Fernand Hibbert - novelist and is one of the most widely read Haitian authors
- Frantz Duval - editor-in-chief of Le Nouvelliste newspaper
- François-Romain Lhérisson - poet and educator
- Frankétienne (born Franck Étienne) - author, poet, playwright, musician and painter. Candidate for Nobel Prize for Literature in 2009.
- Guy Joseph Bonnet - historian and a Major General of the Army of the Republic of Haiti. He was one of the signers of the Haitian Act of Independence
- Jean-Jacob Jeudy - journalist, activist, politician
- Joel Dreyfuss - Haitian-American journalist, editor, and writer now based in Paris, France
- Johny Joseph - journalist and academic
- Josaphat-Robert Large - poet, novelist and art critic; won the Prix littéraire des Caraïbes (Caribbean literary Prize) in 2003 and was nominated for the Haitian grand Literary Prize of 2004
- Louis-Philippe Dalembert - novelist, poet and essayist. Winner of the Prestigious Cuban Literary Prize Casa de las Américas in 2008
- Marilene Phipps - Haitian-American poet, painter, and short story writer
- Michel DeGraff - is a Creolist who has served on the board of the Journal of Haitian Studies[116]
- Michèle Bennett - former First Lady of Haiti and the ex-wife of former President for Life of Haiti, Jean-Claude Duvalier, whom were both exiled from Haiti
- Michèle Montas - journalist
- Nathalie Handal - award-winning poet, writer, and playwright
- Oswald Durand - was a Haitian poet and politician, said to be "to Haiti what Shakespeare is to England and Dante to Italy."[117]
- Pradel Pompilus - writer; is considered one of the most respected Haitian scholars.[118] He is best known for his three-volume study of Haitian literature.
- Prince Saunders - author; emigrated to Haiti from the United States
- Raymond Joseph - journalist, diplomat, political activist
- Thomas Madiou - his work Histoire d'Haïti (English: History of Haiti) is considered one of the most valuable documents of Haitian literature
- Timoléon C. Brutus - historian and politician
Medicine
Music
- Alexandrine-Caroline Branchu – French opera soprano (born in Cap-Français, Saint-Domingue; the modern-day Cap-Haïtien, Haiti)
- André Toussaint - singer and guitarist
- Beethova Obas - guitarist[127]
- Bélo - interpreter, composer and guitarist.
- Bigga Haitian - first Haitian singer to break into the Jamaican reggae scene
- Coupé Cloué - singer and bandleader
- Eddy François (singer) - founding member of Boukman Eksperyans; left the band in 1990, to become the front-man of a new band called, Boukan Ginen
- Édouard Woolley - tenor, actor, composer, and music educator
- Emeline Michel - singer
- Emerante Morse - singer
- Fabrice Rouzier - pianist, producer, and entrepreneur
- Frantz Casseus, guitarist and composer
- Frisner Augustin, major performer and composer of Haitian Vodou drumming
- Imposs, Canadian rapper
- J. Perry, singer and songwriter; song Dekole inspired the theme of the 2012 Carnival and was awarded a Gold Disk Plaque
- Jazz Guignard - distinguished by his completion of one of the first noncommercial recordings of Haitian music
- Jerry Duplessis, producer
- Jimmy O, rapper
- John Steve Brunache, musician
- Kangol Kid – American rapper
- Lee Holdridge - Puerto Rican-American composer (born in Haiti)
- Luck Mervil - songwriter-singer
- Ludovic Lamothe - composer and virtuoso pianist
- Manno Charlemagne - political folk singer, songwriter and acoustic guitarist, lifelong political activist and former politician
- Master Dji - rapper
- MC Tee, rapper
- Michael Brun - DJ, record producer
- Misty Jean - singer
- Nemours Jean-Baptiste, composer and band leader; credited with being the inventor of compas direct
- Nicolas Geffrard – musician; composed Haitian national anthem
- Qwote - singer
- Richard Auguste Morse - is the founder of a mizik rasin band, RAM, named after his initials, and famous in Haiti for their political songs
- Sha Money XL, rapper[128]
- Sweet Micky - singer, politician
- Ti Manno - singer, guitar player, keyboard player, and percussionist
- Ti Ro Ro - drummer; known as King of the drum in Haiti and has done solo recordings and works for orchestras like Issa El Saieh Orquestra and singer Guy Durosier
- Toto Bissainthe, folk music artist
- Val Jeanty, vodou electronica turntablist, percussionist and artist
- Webert Sicot, sax player, composer and band leader and one of the creators of compas direct. He renamed the music cadence rampa after he left Nemours' band to differentiate himself in 1962 in the spirit of competition.
- Werner Jaegerhuber, known for composing "Messe sur les Airs Vodoussques."
- Won-G Bruny, rapper and entrepreneur
- Wyclef Jean - former singer of The Fugees, hip hop recording artist, musician, actor, and politician
- Yanick Etienne - singer
Naturalists and Agronomists
Philanthropists
Political figures
- Alexandre Pétion – nationalist, revolutionary and first President of Haiti
- André Apaid – politician and activist
- André Rigaud - leading military leader during the Haitian Revolution. His protégés were Alexandre Pétion and Jean-Pierre Boyer, both presidents of Haiti
- Bonivert Claude - former governor of the Bank of the Republic of Haiti
- Charlemagne Péralte – nationalist leader and revolutionary
- Claudette Werleigh - first Haitian woman to become Prime Minister
- Emmanuel Dubourg - Canadian politician
- Ertha Pascal-Trouillot - was the provisional President of Haiti for 11 months in 1990 and 1991. She was the first woman in Haitian history to hold that office
- Faustin Soulouque - Emperor of Haiti (Faustin I)
- François Capois - Independence war hero
- François Duvalier - former President for Life
- Gérard Latortue - Prime Minister and official in the United Nations
- Henri Christophe - King of Haiti (King Henri I)
- Jacques Nicolas Léger - politician, diplomat
- Jean-Bertrand Aristide - President of Haiti
- Jean-Claude Bajeux - political activist and professor of Caribbean literature
- Jean-Claude Duvalier – President of Haiti
- Jean-Jacques Dessalines - Founding Father and Emperor of Haiti (Jacques I)
- Jean-Pierre Boyer – soldier and President of Haiti
- Jean Rénald Clérismé - politician, diplomat, and ambassador of Haiti for the World Trade Organization, the International Trade Center, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and the International Telecommunication Union
- Jonathas Granville - soldier, experienced diplomat, and civil servant as well as a musician, poet, and skilled swordsman. He worked in the United States, promoting the emigration of free Blacks to Haiti.
- José Francisco Peña Gómez - Dominican politician and activist[131]
- Julien Raimond – agriculturalist/planter and revolutionary
- Mathieu Eugene - U.S. New York City councilman
- Marc Bazin – United Nations diplomat and World Bank official
- Marie-Louise Coidavid - the Queen of the Kingdom of Haiti 1811-20 as the spouse of Henri I of Haiti
- Michaëlle Jean - former Governor General of Canada
- Michel Martelly - musician (Sweet Micky) and current President of Haiti
- Michèle Pierre-Louis - was Prime Minister of Haiti from September 2008 to November 2009. She was Haiti's second female ever to hold this position.
- Philippe Derose - first Haitian elected to public office in the U.S.
- Prosper Avril - President of Haiti from 1988 to 1990
- Raymond Joseph - diplomat, political activist and journalist. He was the Haitian ambassador to the United States from 2005 to 2010.
- René Préval - President (2006-2011)
- Simone Duvalier – former First Lady of Haiti of the Baby Doc regime
- Solange Pierre - was a human rights advocate in the Dominican Republic who worked to end antihaitianismo
- Sténio Vincent - President of Haiti from November 18, 1930 to May 15, 1941
- Thomas-Alexandre Dumas - was a general in Revolutionary France and was the highest-ranking person of color of all time in a continental European army
- Toussaint Louverture – military general and leader of the slave rebellion in the Haitian Revolution. He declared himself Governor for Life of Haiti.
- Ulises Heureaux - President of the Dominican Republic (Haitian father)[131]
- Ulrick Chérubin - Canadian politician
- Vincent Ogé – revolutionary
Religion
Scientists
Sports
American football players
Basketball
Boxing
Soccer
Other sports
Olympic long jump world record holder and still (2009) the Haitian national record with 79 years; the oldest standing national record in athletics,
Silvio Cator.
Stade Sylvio Cator, a multi-use stadium in
Port-au-Prince, was named after him.
See also
References
- ↑ Firmin, Anténor; Introduction by Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban (2002). "The Equality of the Human Races". University of Illinois Press. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ↑ Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (2005). "Anténor Firmin and Haiti's contribution to anthropology". Gradhiva - musée du quai Branly (2005 : Haïti et l'anthropologie): 95–108.
- ↑ San Miguel, Pedro L. (2005). The Imagined Island: History, Identity, and Utopia in Hispaniola. United States: The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 67–97. ISBN 0-8078-5627-4.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 105. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ "Faculty Profiles". Trinity College. Retrieved 22 June 2011.
- ↑ "Michel-Rolph Trouillot". University of Chicago. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
- ↑ Haiti Press Network, Décès de l’éminent intellectuel et universitaire: Michel-Rolph Trouillot:
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 111. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ "André LeBlanc". Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 112. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Arthur, Charles (2001-08-07). "Alexandre Gregoire: One of the greatest 'naive' painters". Obituaries of famous Haitians. Haiti Support Group. Archived from the original on 2006-12-08. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 114. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Demme, Jonathan (1997). Island on fire: passionate visions of Haiti from the collection of Jonathan Demme. Kaliko Press. p. 93.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Morineau (1985). "Incroyables gazettes et fabuleux métaux: les retours des trésors américains d'apres les gazettes hollandaises". Maison de Sciences de l'Homme and Cambridge University Press. p. 327. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 110. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Kristin G. Congdon and Kara Kelley Hallmark (2002). Artists from Latin American Cultures: A Biographical Dictionary. Greenwood Press. pp. 74–76. ISBN 978-0-313-31544-2. Retrieved 2009-05-09.
- ↑ Le monde caraïbe: défis et dynamiques: p544 Christian Lerat, Université Michel de Montaigne-Bordeaux III. Pôle de recherche interdisciplinaire Caraïbe plurielle - 2005 "Ensemble avec le cinéaste Jonathan Demme (qui adapta à l'écran Beloved, de Toni Morrison31), avec Édouard Duval-Carrié (un peintre qui vit à Miami), Marilene Phipps, Myriam Chancy, Marie-Hélène Laforest, et les « Fugees » (Wyclif Jean),"
- ↑ "Haiti Before the Quake: Exhibit at Burns Library". Boston College. 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 110. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ "Galerie Macondo, A Haitian Art Gallery". Artshaitian.com. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ "Winslow Anderson Collection of Haitian Art" (PDF). Huntington Museum of Art. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 107. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. pp. 108–109. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 112. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 111. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑
- Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ Bihalji-Merin, Oto (1959). Modern Primitives: Masters of Naive Painting. trans. Norbert Guterman. New York: Harry N. Abrams. p. 265.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 114. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Bloncourt, Gérald and Nadal-Gardère, Marie-José (1986). Haitian Arts/La Peinture haïtienne. Paris, France: éditions Nathan.
- ↑ Lerebours, Michel-Philippe (1989). Haïti et ses peintres de 1804 à 1980 : Souffrances et espoirs d'un peuple. Port-au-Prince, Haiti: Imprimeur II.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 114. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 114. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 114. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 109. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 112. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Rodman, Selden (1982). Artists in Tune with Their World: Masters of Popular Art in the Americas & Their Relation to the Folk Tradition. Simon & Schuster.
- ↑ Stebich, Ute (1978). Haitian Art. Henry N. Adams Inc.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. pp. 111–112. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 107. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ "Jackson Georges". Art and Free World. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 109. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Benson, LeGrace. "Arts of Haiti Artists Gallery". Arts of Haiti. Retrieved 2007-05-21.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 110. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 112. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ "ArtSumo - Jean-Louis". Retrieved 20 April 2013.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 114. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ "Jean Rene Jerome".
- ↑ "Aritist Portfolio: Jean Rene Jerome".
- ↑ "Galerie Macondo". Retrieved 20 April 2013.
- ↑ Journet, Paul (2010). "Couleurs d'Haïti à Montréal". La Presse. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Basu, Moni and Ravitz, Jessica (2010). "Quake's toll on Haitian art, heritage and income". CNN. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Luce, Jim (2012). "One of Tens of Thousands: Diaspora Doctor Continues to Help Haiti". Huffington Post. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 115. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 109. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 114. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 112. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 109. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 112. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 109. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 111. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Corbett, Bob. "Brief Biographies of Haitian Artists". Webster University. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 115. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Atkinson, Bobby (2014). "Vacant downtown Nampa building given new purpose: Phantom gallery displays local artists’ work in Nampa". Idaho Press-Tribute. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 110. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Oseid, John (2015). "Five Years After: A Quick Tour Of Port-Au-Prince, Haiti". Forbes. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Balutansky, Kathleen; Sourieau, Marie-Agnes (2004). Ecrire en Pays Assiege Haiti Writing Under Siege in. New York, NY: Rodopi. p. 433. ISBN 978-90-420-1753-5.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 111. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Stebich, Ute (1979). Haitian Art. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8109-1053-9.
- ↑ Michel and Bellegarde-Smith, Claudine and Patrick (1979). Vodou in Haitian Life and Culture: Invisible Powers. Basingstoke, Hampshire UK: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-4039-7162-3.
- ↑ Oseid, John (2015). "Five Years After: A Quick Tour Of Port-Au-Prince, Haiti". Forbes. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 110. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 107. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 110. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ "Sacha Tebó: Biography". Sacha Tebo. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Pataki, Eva (May 1986). Haitian painting: art and kitsch. E. Pataki. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-9615932-0-9. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 109. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Manegold, Catherine S. (1994). "Death of an Artist Adds to Haiti's Toll". New York Times. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ "AFP Haiti photographer Thony Belizaire dead at 54". Agence France Presse (France 24). 2013-07-22. Retrieved 2013-08-18.
- ↑ "Thony Belizaire, Photojournalist March 30, 1955 – July 21, 2013". The Sentinel (Defend Haiti). 2013-07-22. Retrieved 2013-08-18.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-9638599-0-7.
- ↑ Schutt-Ainé, Patricia; Staff of Librairie Au Service de la Culture (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 108. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
- ↑ Bihalji-Merin, Oto (1959). Modern Primitives: Masters of Naive Painting. trans. Norbert Guterman. New York: Harry N. Abrams. p. 266.
- ↑ "Chambers by department". Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Haiti. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
- ↑ HaitiLibre. "Haiti - Economy : Installation of the 1st Support Service for Businesses in Ouanaminthe". HaitiLibre. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
- ↑ Chambers, Seve. "Val-Inc Brings Haiti to a Bed-Stuy Studio". The Local --Fort Greene. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
- ↑ Zéphir, Flore (Fall 2012). "Creolist Michel Degraff: A profile of Commitment, Advocacy, Excellence and Hope". Journal of Haitian Studies 18 (2): 268.
- ↑ P. Schutt-Ainé, Haiti: A Basic Reference Book, 95
- ↑ P. Schutt-Ainé, Haiti: A Basic Reference Book, 105
- ↑ "Board of Advisors". Emedex International. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ "Emedex International Partners with Clinique Espérance Vie". Bethlehem Ministry. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ "Fournier de Pescay (1771-1833)". Une Autre Histoire. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Peitzman, Andrew B.; Rhodes, Michael; Schwab, C. William; Yealy, Donald M.; Fabian, Timothy C., eds. (2007). The Trauma Manual: Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. xiii. ISBN 9780781762755.
- ↑ Ono, David (20 January 2010). "Haitian-American L.A. doc opens clinic in Haiti". KABC-TV. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
- ↑ "2002: Loune Viaud, Haiti". Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
- ↑ Jennifer Margulis (December 2003). "Women of the Year 2003: Loune Viaud". Ms. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
- ↑ Laura Lynn Windsor (1 January 2002). Women in Medicine: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 193–. ISBN 978-1-57607-392-6.
- ↑ "Beethova Obas". RFI Music. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ Tony Yayo, DJ Whoo Kid, More Haitian Artists Discuss Earthquake from MTV 15 January 2010
- ↑ Jean Baptiste Chavanne
- ↑ Adams, David, ed. (22 April 2015). "Haitian marine biologist wins environmental activism prize". Reuters. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
- ↑ 131.0 131.1 Hijos de Inmigrantes en República Dominicana from ariskelvyn.com
- ↑ Hurbon, Laennec (2000). Le phénomène religieux dans la Caraïbe: Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, Haïti. Karthala Editions. pp. 163–164. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
- ↑ Garcon, other NFL players worry about family in quake-stricken Haiti from www.nfl.com
- ↑ NFL pledges $2.5M to aid Haiti earthquake relief efforts from www.nfl.com
- ↑ Dobrow, Marty (October 24, 2009). "For Ducasse, destiny leads to NFL draft". Boston Globe.
- ↑ Adonis Stevenson http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/9357060/adonia-stevenson-stops-chad-dawson-1st-round-take-title from www.espn.go.com 09 June 2013
- ↑ Bermane Stiverne http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/10914967/bermane-stiverne-drops-chris-arreola-wins-heavyweight-world-title from www.espn.go.com 12 May 2014
- ↑ Sturrup, Fred (13 January 2014). "Pro Boxing Looking Forward to More Activities in 2014". The Nassau Guardian. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
- ↑ Kaiser, Hal 9-Player Haiti Opens CONCACAF Championship With Win Over Guatemala The Haitian Times. March 20, 2015
- ↑ Kensie Bobo football.com. March 20, 2015
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