List of GE locomotives

The following is a list of locomotives produced by GE Transportation Systems. All were/are built at Fort Worth, Texas or Erie, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Most (except the electrics, the switchers, the AC6000CW, and the Evolution series) are powered by various versions of GE's own FDL diesel prime mover, based on a Cooper Bessemer design and manufactured at Grove City, Pennsylvania.

Freight locomotives

Early locomotives, switchers and special purpose

Switchers

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
20-ton Boxcab 1938 5 B Cummins 150 hp (110 kW)
23-ton Boxcab 1939 6 B Cummins 150 hp (110 kW)
23-ton 1941 29 B Cummins 150 hp (110 kW)
25-ton 1941–1974 510 B Cummins 150 hp (110 kW)
35-ton B
43-ton B-B
44-ton 1940–1956 386 B-B Caterpillar D17000 × 2 (most)
Hercules DFXD × 2 (11)
Buda 6DH1742 × 2 (10)
Caterpillar D342 × 2 (last 4)
380–400 hp (280–300 kW)
45-ton 1940–1956 B-B Cummins × 2 300 hp (220 kW) hp
GE 45-Ton switcher "Drop Cab" 1944–1949103 B-B
GE 45-Ton switcher "Off-Center Cab" 19419 B-B Cooper Bessemer EN6
GE 46-Ton switcher "Drop Cab" 19553 B-B
47-ton "Drop Cab" 1943–1953 58 B-B
50-ton B-B
GE 55-Ton switcher "Off-Center Cab" 1931 7 B-B Ingersoll Rand 300
GE 57-Ton switcher "Off-Center Cab" 1935 1 B-B Cooper Bessemer ENL6
60-ton "Boxcab" 1928–1930 2 B-B Ingersoll Rand 300
60-ton "Off-Center Cab" 1935–1941 10 B-B Ingersoll Rand 300 (1) Ingersoll Rand 400 (2) Cooper Bessemer EN8 (3) Cooper Bessemer ENL8 (4)
GE 61-Ton switcher "Off-Center Cab" 1937 1 B-B Cooper Bessemer EN6
65-ton B-B
GE 68-Ton switcher "Off-Center Cab" 1939 2 B-B Cooper Bessemer GN6
70-ton 1947–1955 238 B-B Cooper-Bessemer FWL-6T
GE 78-ton 195310B-B ALCO 6-251A 800 hp (600 kW) Consolidated Railroads of Cuba
80-ton B-B
95-ton B-B
100-ton "Boxcab" 1928–1930 11 B-B Ingersoll Rand 300(x2)
100-ton 1933–1935 7 B-B Ingersoll Rand 300(x2)
110-ton B-B
125-ton B-B
126-ton B-B
128-ton B-B
600-hp center-cab[1] 1933–1935 7 B-B Ingersoll-Rand 10×12 600 hp (450 kW)
NH class DEY-2[2] 1936–1937 10 B-B Cooper-Bessemer 10½×12 GN8 (5)
Ingersoll-Rand 10×12 600 (5)
600 hp (450 kW)
1000-hp center-cab[3] 1937–1940 9 B-B Cooper-Bessemer GN-6 1,000 hp (750 kW)
SG10B 1975–1981 124B-B 7FDL-8 1,100 hp (820 kW)

General purpose

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
57-ton gas-electric boxcab 1913 B-B 2 x
GM-16C4
V-8
60-ton demonstrator B-B Ingersoll-Rand 300 hp (220 kW)
60-ton boxcab B-B Ingersoll-Rand 300 hp (220 kW)
100-ton boxcab B-B 2x Ingersoll-Rand 600 hp (450 kW)
EN-6 B-B
1800-hp transfer 1936 1 C-C 2x Ingersoll-Rand 1,800 hp (1,340 kW)
2000-hp transfer 1936 1 C-C Busch-Sulzer 2,000 hp (1,490 kW)
U6B B-B
UM20B 1954 2 ( 1 ea cab and booster) B-B CB 8 cyl 1,200 hp (890 kW)
UM20B 1954 2 ( 1 ea cab and booster) B-B CB 12 cyl 1,800 hp (1,340 kW)
GE GEX3341 1954–1966 11 White Pass and Yukon Route C-C ALCO 6-251 930–990 horsepower (690–740 kW)

Universal Series (1956 to 1998)

Main article: GE Universal Series

Because their model designations start with "U", they are known colloquially to railfans as "U-Boats".

Four axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
UM6B 1973 20 B-B Caterpillar D-379 700 hp (520 kW)
U9B 1957 13 B-B CB. FWL 6T 1,060 hp (790 kW)
U10B / DH class 1964-92 447 B-B Caterpillar D398 900 hp (670 kW)
UM10B 1973 B-B Caterpillar D398B 1,050 hp (780 kW)
U11B 1980 B-B Caterpillar D388 & D389
U12B195845 (SAR) B-B CB FVBL-8 1,200 hp (890 kW)
U13B B-B
UD18 1956 10 B-B GE FDL-12 1,800 hp (1,340 kW)
U18B 1973–76 163 B-B GE 7FDL-8 1,800 hp (1,340 kW)
U23B1968–77 481 B-B GE 7FDL-12 2,350 hp (1,750 kW)
U25B1959–66 478 B-B GE FDL-16 2,500 hp (1,860 kW)
U28B1966 148 B-B GE FDL-16 2,800 hp (2,090 kW)
U30B1966–75 296 B-B GE FDL-16 3000 hp
(2240 kW)
U33B1966–75 137 B-B GE FDL-16 3,300 hp (2,460 kW)
U36B1969–74 125 B-B GE FDL-16 3,600 hp (2,680 kW)
MATE1971–72 25 B-B none Road Slug

Six axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
U12C C-C
UM12C 1964-1966 50 State Railway of Thailand C-C Cummins KT38-L 1,320 hp (980 kW)
U13C C-C
U14C C-C
U15C1972–1980170 (SAR)C-CGE 7FDL-8 1,160 kW (1,560 hp)
U17C 1973–1981 C-C GE 7FDL-8 1,700 hp (1,270 kW)

U18C 1976–1998 92 (PT. KAI)C-C GE 7FDL-8 1,825 hp (1,360 kW)

U20C 1995–2005 984, 41. (PT KAI) C-C GE 7FDL-8 2,000 hp (1,490 kW)

U23C1968–70 223 C-C GE FDL-122,250 hp
(1,680 kW)
U25C1963–65 113 C-C GE FDL-16 2,500 hp
(1,860 kW)
U26C 1971–87 294 (SAR)
49 (NZR)
36 (Kenya)
6 (Brazil)
C-C GE FDL-12 2,750 hp
(2,050 kW)
U28C1965–66 71 C-C GE FDL-16 2,800 hp
(2,090 kW)
U30C1966–76 600 C-C GE FDL-16 3,000 hp
(2,240 kW)
U33C1968–75 375 C-C GE FDL-163,300 hp
(2,460 kW)
U36C 1971–75 218 C-C GE FDL-16 3,600 hp (2,700 kW)
U50C1969–71 40 C-C Dual
GE FDL-12
5,000 hp
(3,700 kW)

Six axles & Pony

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
U18C11959–1961115 (SAR)1C-C1 CB FVBL-12 2,150 hp (1,600 kW)
U20C1196610 (SAR)1C-C1 GE 7FDL-12 2,150 hp (1,600 kW)

Eight axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
U50 1963–65 26 B+B-B+B Dual
GE FDL-16
5,000 hp
(3,700 kW)

Dash 7 Series (introduced 1977)

Main article: GE Dash 7 Series

Models with "A" suffix are equipped with 12-cylinder prime mover in place of the standard 16 cylinder version, with the same power output.

Four axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
B23-7 1977–84 536 B-B GE 7FDL-12 2,250 hp
(1,678 kW)
BQ23-7 1978–79 10 B-B GE 7FDL-12 2,250 hp
(1,678 kW)
B30-7 1977–82 279 B-B GE 7FDL-16 3,000 hp
(2,238 kW)
B30-7A 1980–82 58 B-B GE 7FDL-12 3,000 hp
(2,238 kW)
B36-7 1980–85 230 B-B GE 7FDL-163,600 hp
(2,685 kW)

Six axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
C18-7i 1993 10 C-C GE 7FDL-8 1,800 hp
( kW)
C30-7 1976–85 1,087 C-C GE 7FDL-16 3,000 hp
(2,238 kW)
C30-7A 1984–90 57 C-C GE 7FDL-12 3,000 hp
(2,238 kW)
C36-7 (China Railways ND5) 1978–85 599 C-C GE 7FDL-16 3,600 hp
(2,685 kW)

Dash 8 Series (introduced mid-1980s)

Main article: GE Dash 8 Series

GE's originally introduced this series with model designation following the pattern of the Dash-7 line. After product improvements were made to the line in 1987 the official designations for models in this series changed to "Dash-8...", as shown in the list below. However, for simplicity, many railroads decided to use designations which follow the pattern of the Dash-7 line. Thus, for example, the Dash 8-40C is usually rendered as "C40-8". The "W" suffix indicates the then-optional wide-nose "North American" safety cab. For example, the Santa Fe used the designation "B40-8W" for GE's "Dash 8-40BW". The railroad continued this practice until its merger with the Burlington Northern Railroad in 1995, and the new railroad, Burlington Northern-Santa Fe (later BNSF Railway) furthered the practice.

Introduced during the Dash 8's later years were split-cooling in the radiators and electronic displays for the crews (instead of analogue gauges).

Four axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
Dash 8-32B (B32-8)1984–89 49 B-B GE 7FDL-12 3,150 hp
(2.3 MW)
Dash 8-36B (B36-8)1982 1 B-B GE 7FDL-16 3,600 hp
(2,685 kW)
Dash 8-39B (B39-8)1984–88 143 B-B GE 7FDL-16 3,900 hp (2,910 kW)
Dash 8-40B (B40-8)1988–89 151 B-B GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)
Dash 8-40BW (B40-8W)1990 83 B-B GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)

Six axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
Dash 8-32C (C32-8)1984 10 C-C GE 7FDL-12 3,200 hp
(2.3 MW)
Dash 8-36C (C36-8)1983 1 C-C GE 7FDL-16 3,600 hp (2,680 kW)
Dash 8-39C (C39-8)1983–87 162 C-C GE 7FDL-16 3,900 hp (2,910 kW)
Dash 8-40C (C40-8)1983–87 585 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)
Dash 8-40CM (C40-8M)1990 84 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)
Dash 8-40CW (C40-8W)1990–94 875 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)
Dash 8-41CW (C41-8W)1993 27 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,100 hp (3,060 kW)
Dash 8-44CW (C44-8W)1993 53 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,400 hp (3,280 kW)

Eight axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
Dash-8 BB40-8M 6 B-B+B-B GE 7FDL-16 4,100 hp (3,060 kW)

Dash 9 Series (introduced 1993)

Main article: GE Dash 9 Series

The Dash 9 series introduced primarily electronics updates to the Dash 8 line. Also introduced was the HiAd (High-Adhesion) truck. Split-cooling was standard.

Four axles

No four axle freight versions produced

Six axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
Dash 9-40C1995 125 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)
Dash 9-40CW 1996–2004 1,090 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)
Dash 9-44CW 1993–2004 2,494 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,400 hp
(3.2 MW)
C38EMi 2006 55 C-C GE 7FDL-16 3,800 hp (2,830 kW)
C38AChe 2005–2006 78 C-C GE 7FDL-16 3,800 hp (2,830 kW)

Eight axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
Dash-9 BB40-9W 1997–2006 141 (for Vitoria a Minas, Brazil)B-B+B-B GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp
(2,980 kW)

AC Series (introduced 1994)

These feature the same carbody design and many of the internal components as the Dash-9 series, except they are equipped with AC traction motors instead of the conventional DC versions. The cab air conditioner was moved from the left (conductor's) side walkway to a position under the cab floor to make space for the six traction inverters (one per axle) that supply the AC current to the traction motors.

Six axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
AC4400CW 1993–2004 2,598 C-C GE 7FDL-16 4,400 hp
(3.2 MW)
*AC6000CW 1995-2001 303 C-C GE 7HDL-16 6,250 hp
(4.6 MW)
AC44i C-C
*Note: two versions: one contained a 16-cylinder 7HDL, co-developed by GE and the German firm Deutz-MWM, rated at 6000 HP; the other a 16-cylinder 7FDL rated at 4390 HP. The units equipped with the 7FDL were a sub-version AC6000 "Convertible" and were produced to get the type into operation while the 7HDL was developed. Much like the SD90/43MACs produced by competitor EMD, the intention was to someday upgrade the units with larger engines, but the upgrades rarely, if ever, happened.

Evolution Series (introduced 2005)

Main article: GE Evolution Series

The Evolution Series locomotives replace the Dash 9 and AC series in North America and exceed the new U.S. EPA Tier II emissions standards that took effect in 2005, reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by over 40% and improving fuel consumption as well. They use the new GEVO engine (based in part on the 7HDL design) which produces the same power from twelve cylinders as previous locomotives' 16-cylinder 7FDL engine. Both AC and DC Evolution Series share the same carbody design. The radiator "wings" are even larger than those of the Dash 9 and AC series. Like those on the AC6000CW, they extend past the end of the long hood. Unlike any previous GE locomotive type underside of the wings are divided into two sections with different angles.

Four axles

No four-axle Evolution Series locomotives have been announced.

Six axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
ES40DC2005– 522 C-C GEVO-12 4,000 hp
(2.9 MW)
ES44DC2005– 811 C-C GEVO-12 4,400 hp
(3.2 MW)
ES44AC2005– 2,374 C-C GEVO-12 4,400 hp
(3.2 MW)
ES44C42009– 800 A1A-A1A GEVO-12 4,400 hp
(3.2 MW)

PowerHaul Series

Main article: GE PowerHaul

Four axles

No four-axle PowerHaul Series locomotives have been announced.

Six axles

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
PH37ACmi2009– C-C GE PowerHaul P616 3,690 hp
(2.7 MW)

Passenger locomotives

While primarily a builder of freight locomotives, GE has on occasion been called upon to construct passenger models for specific customers. The most recent is the P42DC, ordered by Amtrak to replace the aging EMD F40PH. Additional units have been built for Via Rail Canada.

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
U28CG 1966 10 C-C GE FDL-16 2,800 hp
(2.0 MW)
U30CG 1967 6 C-C GE FDL-16 3,000 hp (2,240 kW)
U34CH 1970 33 C-C GE FDL-16 3,600 hp
(2.7 MW)
U36CG 197420C-C GE FDL-16 3,600 hp (2,680 kW)
P30CH 197425 C-C GE FDL-16 3,000 hp (2,240 kW)
P32-8WH 1990 20 B-B GE 7FDL-12 3,200 hp (2,390 kW)
P40DC1992–1994 44 B-B GE 7FDL-16 4,000 hp (2,980 kW)
P32AC-DM 50 B-B GE 7FDL-12 3,200 hp (2,390 kW)
P42DC1999–2002 228 B-B GE 7FDL-16 4,250 hp
(3.2 MW)

Electric locomotives

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementSupply VoltagePower outputImage
NYC T-1
later reclassed
as S-1
1904 1 New York Central Railroad 1-D-1
rebuilt to
2-D-2
600 V DC 1,695 hp (1,264 kW)
NYC T-2
later reclassed
as S-2
1906 34 New York Central Railroad 1-D-1
rebuilt to
2-D-2
600 V DC 1,695 hp (1,264 kW)
NYC S-3 1908–1909 12 New York Central Railroad 2-D-2 600 V DC 1,695 hp (1,264 kW)
GN boxcab 1909 4 Great Northern Railway B+B 6,000 V,
3 phase AC
1,000 hp (750 kW)
NH 068[4] 1912 1 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad 2-B+B-2 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
1,560 hp (1,160 kW)
NYC T-1b 1913 10 New York Central Railroad B+B-B+B 600 V DC 2,500 hp (1,900 kW)
NYC T-2a 1914 16 New York Central Railroad B+B-B+B 600 V DC 2,500 hp (1,900 kW)
CN Boxcab Electric 1914–16 6 Canadian Northern Railway
(later Canadian National Railway)
B+B 2400 V DC 1,100 hp (820 kW)
MILW EF-1 / EP-1 1915–1917 42 Milwaukee Road 2-B+B+B+B-2 3000 V DC 3,340 hp (2,490 kW)
MILW ES-1 1915 1 Milwaukee Road B-B 1500 V DC 316 hp (236 kW)
MILW ES-2 1916, 1919 4 Milwaukee Road B-B 3000 V DC 475 hp (354 kW)
MILW EP-2
(“Bi-polar”)
1919 5 Milwaukee Road 1B+D+D+B1 3000 V DC 3,180 hp (2,370 kW)
Mexican Railway
Boxcabs
1923 10 Mexican Railway B+B+B 3000 V DC 2,520 hp (1,880 kW)[5]
NYC R 1926 2 New York Central Railroad B-B+B-B 600 V DC 3,320 hp (2,480 kW)
NYC Q 1926 New York Central Railroad B-B 600 V DC 1,665 hp (1,242 kW)
NYC T-3 1926 10 New York Central Railroad B+B-B+B 600 V DC 2,500 hp (1,900 kW)
NH EF2 1926 5 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad 1-B+B-1 1,350 hp (1,010 kW)
NH EY3 1926 2 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad B+B 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
500 hp (370 kW)
GN Y-1
(PRR FF2)
1927–1930 8 Great Northern Railway
(sold to Pennsylvania Railroad)
1-C+C-1 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
3,000 hp (2,200 kW)
CUT P1-a 1929–1930 22 Cleveland Union Terminal
to New York Central Railroad and rebuilt to class P-2
2-C+C-2 3000 V DC
rebuilt 600 V DC
3,030 hp (2,260 kW)
NYC R-2 1930–1931 42 New York Central Railroad C-C 600 V DC 2,500 hp (1,900 kW)
NH EP3 1931 10 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad 2-C+C-2 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz /
600 V DC
3,440 hp (2,570 kW)
PRR P5a 1932 25 Pennsylvania Railroad
(+13 by PRR, +54 by Westinghouse)
2-C-2 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
3,750 hp (2,800 kW)
PRR GG1 1934–1935
(PRR: 1935–43)
15 Pennsylvania Railroad
(+124 by PRR)
2-C+C-2 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
4,620 hp (3,450 kW)
NH EP4 1938 6 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad 2-C+C-2 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz /
600 V DC
3,600 hp (2,700 kW)
NH EF3a 1942 5 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad 2-C+C-2 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
4,860 hp (3,620 kW)
2-C+C-2 1940–48 22 Paulista Railway
15 Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil
2-C+C-2 3000 V DC 3,800 hp (2,800 kW)
2-D+D-2
("Little Joe")
1946 20 Soviet Railways (not delivered –
5 Paulista Railway
3 South Shore Line
12 Milwaukee Road)
2-D+D-2 3,300 V DC
As rebuilt by CSS&SB:
1,500 V DC
5,500 hp (4,100 kW)
GN W-1 1947 2 Great Northern Railway B-D+D-B 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
5,000 hp (3,700 kW)
VGN EL-2B 1948 4 sets (2 units each) Virginian Railway (B+B-B+B)+(B+B-B+B) 11,000 V AC, 25 Hz 6,800 hp (5,100 kW)
per set
CN Centercab Electric 1950 3 Canadian National Railway B-B 2400 V DC 1,100 hp (820 kW)
PRR E2b 1951 6 Pennsylvania Railroad B-B 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
2,500 horsepower (1,900 kW)
NH EP5
(PC E40)
1954 10 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad C-C 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz /
600 V DC
4,000 hp (3,000 kW)
VGN EL-C
(PC E33)
1956–57 12 Virginian Railway C-C 11,000 V AC, 25 Hz 3,300 hp (2,500 kW)
PRR E44 1960–63 44 Pennsylvania Railroad C-C 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
4,400 hp (3,300 kW)
PRR E44a 1960–63 22 Pennsylvania Railroad C-C 11,000 V AC,
25 Hz
5,000 hp (3,700 kW)
E50C 1968 2 Muskingum Electric Railroad C-C 25,000 V AC,
60 Hz
5,000 hp (3,700 kW)
E60C 1972–76 6 Black Mesa and Lake Powell Railroad C-C 50,000 V AC, 60 Hz
(overhead)
6,000 hp (4,500 kW)
E60CH / E60CP 1974–76 26 Amtrak C-C 11,000 V AC, 25 Hz
11,000–13,500 V AC 60 Hz
(overhead)
6,000 hp (4,500 kW)
E25B 1976 7 Texas Utilities B-B 25,000 V AC,
60 Hz
2,500 hp (1,900 kW)
E42C 1978–1981, 1992 97 Taiwan Railway Administration C-C 25,000 V AC, 60 Hz
(overhead)
4,200 hp (3,100 kW)
E60C-2 1982–83 39 Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México
2 Deseret Western Railway
C-C 25 kV AC, 60 Hz (NdM)
50 kV AC, 60 Hz (DW)
(overhead)
6,000 hp (4,500 kW)

Turbine Locomotives

Model designationBuild yearTotal producedAAR wheel arrangementPrime moverPower outputImage
GE steam turbine locomotives 1938 2 2-C+C-2 Steam turbine 2,500 hp (1.86 MW)
4500 HP GTEL 1948–1954 26 B+B-B+B Gas turbine 4,500 hp
(3.4 MW)
8500 HP GTEL 1958–1961 30 C-C+C-C Gas turbine 8,500 hp
(6.3 MW)

References

Notes

  1. Pinkepank (1973) p.146
  2. Pinkepank (1973) p.147
  3. Pinkepank (1973) p.148
  4. Swanberg, J.W. (1988). New Haven Power 1838–1968: Steam, Diesel, Electric, Mu's, Trolleys, Motor Cars, Buses, & Boats. Medina: Alvin F. Staufer. ISBN 0-944513-09-3.
  5. http://home.att.net/~Berliner-Ultrasonics/boxcabsv.html

Bibliography

  • Graham-White, Sean (2007). GE Evolution Locomotives. St. Paul, MN, USA: MBI. ISBN 9780760322987.
  • Halberstadt, Hans (1996). Modern Diesel Locomotives. Enthusiast Color Series. Osceola, WI, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0760301999.
  • Lamb, J. Parker (2007). Evolution of the American Diesel Locomotive. Railroads Past and Present. Bloomington, IN, USA: Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253348630.
  • Marre, Louis A. (1995). Diesel Locomotives: The First 50 Years: A Guide to Diesels Built Before 1972. Railroad Reference Series (Book 10). Waukesha, WI, USA: Kalmbach Publishing. ISBN 0890242585.
  • Marre, Louis A.; Pinkepank, Jerry A.; Drury, George H. (1995). The Contemporary Diesel Spotter's Guide: A comprehensive reference manual to locomotives since 1972. Railroad Reference Series (Book 14). Waukesha, WI: Kalmbach Publishing. ISBN 0890242577.
  • McDonnell, Greg (1994). U-Boats: General Electric's Diesel Locomotives. Toronto: Boston Mills Press. ISBN 1550461125.
  • McDonnell, Greg (2008). Locomotives: The Modern Diesel and Electric Reference. Erin, Ontario: Boston Mills Press. ISBN 978-1550464931.
  • Pinkepank, Jerry A. (1973). The Second Diesel Spotter’s Guide. Milwaukee, WI: Kalmbach Publishing Company. ISBN 0-89024-026-4.
  • Olson, Russell L. (1976). The Electric Railways of Minnesota. St. Paul, MN, USA: Minnesota Transportation Museum, Hopkins/H. M. Smyth Co. OCLC 2770284.
  • Schafer, Mike (1998). Vintage Diesel Locomotives. Enthusiast Color Series. Osceola, WI, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0760305072.
  • Solomon, Brian (2000). The American Diesel Locomotive. Osceola, WI, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0760306664.
  • Solomon, Brian (2003). GE Locomotives: 110 Years of General Electric Motive Power. St. Paul, MN, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 9780760313619.
  • Solomon, Brian (2010). Modern Locomotives: High Horsepower Diesels 1966–2000. New York: Crestline. ISBN 978-0785826811.
  • Solomon, Brian (2010). Vintage Diesel Power. Minneapolis, MN, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 9780760337950.
  • Solomon, Brian (2011). Modern Diesel Power. Minneapolis, MN: MBI Publishing. ISBN 978-0-76-033943-5.
  • Solomon, Brian (2012). North American Locomotives: A Railroad-by-Railroad Photohistory. Minneapolis, MN, USA: Voyageur Press. ISBN 9780760343708.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to GE locomotives.