List of English-based pidgins
Pidgin English is a non-specific name used to refer to any of the many pidgin languages derived from English. Pidgins that are spoken as first languages become creoles.
English-based pidgins that became stable contact languages, and which have some documentation, include the following:
- American Indian Pidgin English
- Chinese Pidgin English
- Butler English
- Hawaiian Pidgin English
- Japanese Bamboo English
- Japanese Pidgin English
- Korean Bamboo English
- Kru Pidgin English
- Liberian Interior Pidgin English
- Micronesian Pidgin English
- Nauru Chinese Pidgin English
- Nigerian Pidgin
- Papuan Pidgin English
- Port Jackson Pidgin English (ancestral to Australian Kriol)
- Queensland Kanaka English
- Samoan Plantation Pidgin
- Solombala-English
- Thai Pidgin English
- West African Pidgin English (multiple varieties)
- Aboriginal Pidgin English
See also
- English-based creoles
- Macaronic languages such as Engrish
- World Englishes
References
- Smith, Norval (1994). "An annotated list of creoles, pidgins, and mixed languages". In Jacque Arends, Pieter Muysken & Norval Smith. Pidgins and Creoles. John Benjamins.