List of Armenian kings

Greater Armenia

This is the historical designation of the largest and longest-lasting Armenian kingdom.

Orontid Kings and Satraps

In Armenian tradition

Early kings in traditional Armenian chronology according to Moses of Chorene.

Note that the early dates are traditional and of uncertain accuracy.

Orontes I Sakavakyats (570–560 BC)
Tigranes Orontid (560–535 BC)
Vahagn (530–515 BC)
Hidarnes I (late 6th century BC)
Hidarnes II (early 5th century BC)
Hidarnes III (middle of the 5th century BC)
Ardashir (2nd half of the 5th century BC)

Attested satraps

Orontes (401–344 BC)
Darius Codomannus (344–336 BC)

Yervandian (Yervanduni or Orontid) Dynasty

Main article: Orontid Dynasty

Orontes II (336–331 BC)
Mithranes (331–323 BC)
Perdiccas (non-dynastic) (323 BC)
Neoptolemus Orontid (non-dynastic) (323–321 BC)
Eumenes (non-dynastic) (321 BC)
Mithranes (321–317 BC)
Orontes III (317–260 BC)
Sames (260–243 BC)
Arsames (243–228 BC)
Xerxes (228–212 BC)
Orontes IV (212–200 BC)
Abdisares ( 189–166 BC)

Artashesian (Artaxiad) Dynasty

Artaxias I (190–159 BC)
Tigranes I (159–123 BC)
Artavasdes I (123–95 BC)
Tigranes the Great (Tigranes II, 95–55 BC)
Artavasdes II (55–34 BC)
Artaxias II (33–20 BC)
Tigranes III (20–10 BC)
Tigranes IV with Erato (10 BC–2 BC)

Roman and Parthian non-dynastic candidates

Ariobarzanes, 2 BC to 4 (Roman protectorate)
Artavasdes III 4 to 6
Tigranes V, 6 then ruled with Erato 6–12
Vonones (former king of Parthia) 12–16 (Roman protectorate)
Roman interregnum 16–18 (Vonones as nominal king)
Artaxias III 18–35 (Roman protectorate)
Arsaces I of Armenia (son of Artabanus III) 35 (Parthian protectorate)
Orodes of Armenia (pretender, son of Artabanus III) 35
Mithridates 35–37 (Roman protectorate)
Orodes (now king) 37–42 (Parthian protectorate)
Mithridates (second time) 42–51 (Roman protectorate)
Rhadamistus (son of Pharasmanes I of Iberia) 51–53 (Roman protectorate)
Tiridates I (son of Vonones II of Parthia) 53 (Roman protectorate)
Rhadamistus (second time) 53–54 (Roman protectorate)

Arshakuni (Arsacid) Kings of Armenia

Tiridates I (second time) 52–58
Tigranes VI 59–62 (Roman protectorate)
Tiridates I 62–88 (Parthian protectorate 62–63; from 63 Armenia again becomes a Roman protectorate)
Sanatruces (Sanatruk) 88–110
Axidares (Ashkhadar) 110–113
Parthamasiris (Partamasir) 113–114
Roman Province 114–117/8
Vologases I (Vagharsh I) 117/8–144
Sohaemus 144–161
Bakur 161–164
Sohaemus (second time) 163/4–186?
Vologases II (Vagharsh II) 186–198
Khosrov I 198–217
Tiridates II 217–252
Khosrov II c. 252
Sassanid Occupation 252–287
- Artavasdes IV 252–287 Sassanid Client King
Tiridates III 287–330 (Roman protectorate again)
Khosrov III 330–339
Tigranes VII (Tiran) 339 – c. 350
Arsaces II (Arshak II) c. 350–368
Sassanid Occupation 368
Papas (Pap) 370–374
Varasdates (Varazdat) 374–378
Arsaces III (Arshak III) 378–387 with co-ruler Vologases III (Vagharsh III) 378–386
Khosrov IV 387–389
Vramshapuh 389–417
Local Independent Government 417–422
Artaxias IV (Artashir IV) 422–428

Marzpanate

Veh Mihr Shapur 428–442

Vasak, king of Siunik 442–451

Vartan Mamikonian[AKA Vartan Zoravar, legendary Armenian general killed in battle but preserved Armenia as first Christian nation in the world]

Adhur Hormizd (Adrormizd) 451–465
Adhur Gushnasp (Ardervechnasp) 465–481
Sahak Bagratuni 481–482

Military occupation by General Mihran 482

Vahan Mamikonian (provisional) 482–483
Zarmihr Karen (military occupation) 483
Shapur of Ray 483–484
Vahan Mamikonian (second time) 484–505/510 (provisional government 484–485)
Vard Mamikonian (brother) 505/510–509/514
Gushnasp Vahram ? 509/514–518
Mjej Gnuni 518–548
Tan-Shapur 548–552
Gushnasp Vahram (second time?) 552–554
Tan-Shapur (second time) 554–558/60
Varazdat 558/560–564
Sunen 564–572
Tamkhosrau 577–580
Varaz Vzur 580–581
Aspahbad Pahlav 581–582/588
Frahat 582/588–588/589
Hratzin 588/589–590
To Byzantium 590
Mushegh II Mamikonian 590–591 (governor)
Hamarakar 591 (governor)
Unknown 591–603 (governors)
Smbat IV Bagratuni 603–611
Shahrayanpet (in the East) 611–613
Shahin Vahmanzadaghan (in the West) 611–613
Parsayenpet 613–616
Namdar Gushnasp 616–619
Shahraplakan (Sarablagas) 619–624
Rozbihan 624–627
Byzantine province 627–628
Varaztirots Bagratuni 628–634
Unknown 634–?
Mjej Gnuni 627–635
Vahan 636
Davith Saharuni 636–638
Several "nakharar" 638–643
Theodore Rshtuni 643–645
Varaztirots Bagratuni 645–646

Presiding Princes of Armenia

Theodore Rshtuni 646–653
Smbat I Bagratuni 646–653 (together Theodoros, in 753 alone)
Theodore Rshtuni (second time) 653–654
Musel Mamikonian 654
Maurianos 654
Theodore Rshtuni (third time) 654–655
Maurianos (second time) 655
Theodore Rshtuni (fourth time) 655
Hamazasp Mamikonian 655–661
Grigor Mamikonian 661–685
Ashot Bagratuni 685–690
Nerseh Kamsarakan 690–693
Smbat II Bagratuni (son of Varaztirots Bagratuni) 693–695 (Muslim protectorate)
Abd Allah ibn Hatim al-Bahili 695–696
Smbat II Bagratuni (second time) 696–705 (independent)
To Umayyad Caliphate 705
Ashot III Bagratuni the Blind 732–745
Grigor Mamikonian 745–746
Ashot III Bagratuni the Blind (second time) 746–750
Grigor Mamakonian (second time) 750–751
Musel Mamikonian (brother of Grigor) 751–?
Arab occupation 751–754
Sahak Bagratuni, lord of Taron 754–771
Smbat Bagratuni 771–772
vacant 772–781
Tachat Andzevatsi 781–785
vacant 785–806

Bagratuni Kings

Ashot I the Great, 885–890
Smbat I the Martyr, 890–914
Ashot II the Iron, 914–928
Abas I of Armenia, 928–952
Ashot III the Merciful, 952–977
Smbat II the Conqueror, 977–989
Gagik I, 989–1020
Hovhannes-Smbat of Ani - Hovhannes [John]-Smbat III (XI) (son), 1020–1040
- Ashot IV the Valiant, 1021–1039 (concurrently in certain regions after rebellion against Hovhannes-Smbat)
Gagik II, 1042–1045, died c. 1079

Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

Lords/Princes

Name	Reign start	Reign end	Notes	Family
Ruben I	1080	1095		Rubenids
Constantine I	1095	1102		Rubenids
Thoros I	1102	1129		Rubenids
Constantine II	1129	1129		Rubenids
Leo I	1129	1140		Rubenids
Thoros II	1144	1169		Rubenids
Ruben II	1169	1170		Rubenids
Mleh	1170	1175		Rubenids
Ruben III	1175	1187		Rubenids
Leo II	1187	1198/1199	Became first king as Leo I	Rubenids

Kings and Queens

Name	Reign start	Reign end	Notes	Family
Leo II	1198/1199	1219		Rubenids
Isabella	1219	1252	Queen and co-ruler	Rubenids
Hethum I	1226	1270	Co-ruler	Hethumids
Leo III	1270	1289		Hethumids
Hethum II	1289	1293	Abdicated in favour of Thoros III	Hethumids
Thoros III	1293	1298	Recalled Hethoum II, with whom he became co-ruler	Hethumids
Hethum II	1295	1296	Co-ruler with Thoros III	Hethumids
Sempad	1296	1298	Usurper	Hethumids
Constantine III	1298	1299		Hethumids
Hethum II	1299	1303	Reclaimed throne. Abdicated and became regent for Leo III	Hethumids
Leo IV	1303	1307	Under regency of Hethum II	Hethumids
Oshin	1307	1320		Hethumids
Leo V	1320	1341	Under regency of Oshin of Korikos until 1329	Hethumids
Constantine IV	1342	1344	Elected by nobles	Lusignan
Constantine V	1344	1362		House of Neghir
Constantine VI	1362	1373		House of Neghir or Lusignan
Leo VI	1374	1375		Lusignan

Claimants

Name	Reign start	Reign end	Family
Leo VI	1375	1393	Lusignan
James I	1396	1398	Lusignan
Janus	1398	1432	Lusignan
John	1432	1458	Lusignan
Charlotte	1458	1467	Lusignan

The title passed to the branch of the Lusignans in Constantinople and eventually Russia. The title is contested by the House of Savoy.

References

General

Boase, T. S. R. (1978). The Cilician Kingdom of Armenia. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press. ISBN 0-7073-0145-9.
Mutafian, Claude (2001). Le Royaume Arménien de Cilicie. Paris: CNRS Editions. ISBN 2-271-05105-3.
Histoire Des Princes de Lusignan, Anciens Rois de Jérusalem, de la Petite Arménie et de Chypre, St.Petersbourg, Soikine, Stremiannaya 12, 1903