Lisch nodule

Lisch nodules on surface of iris.

A Lisch nodule is a pigmented hamartomatous nodular aggregate of dendritic melanocytes affecting the iris,[1][2] named after Austrian ophthalmologist Karl Lisch (1907–1999), who first recognized them in 1937.[3]

The first published use of the term, "Lisch nodule," was in the New England Journal of Medicine "Medical Progress" series article of December 31, 1981 (Riccardi VM: Von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis. N Engl J Med 1981;305:1617-27).

These nodules are found in neurofibromatosis type 1, and are present in greater than 94% of patients over the age of six.[2] They are clear, yellow-brown,[4] oval to round, dome-shaped papules that project from the surface of the iris. These nodules typically do not affect vision, but are very useful in diagnosis.[2] They are detected by slit lamp examination.[4] Immunohistochemistry stains positive against vimentin and S-100, and points to an ectodermal origin.[3] Their precise origin and structure, however, is still under debate.[4] They are not found in neurofibromatosis type 2.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Free Medicla Textbook". Retrieved 20 October 2011. |chapter= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Fausto, Nelso; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K.; Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005), Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.), Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier Saunders, p. 169, ISBN 0-7216-0187-1
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lukacs, Andreas; Junk, Anna K.; Fritz, Stefani H.; Kampik, Anselm; Georg, Schirren Carl; Plewig, Gerd (1997), "Lisch nodules. Markers of neurofibromatosis 1 and immunohistochemical references for neuroectodermal differentiation", Hautarzt 48 (1): 38–41, doi:10.1007/s001050050544, PMID 9132386
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Richetta, A.; Giustini, A.; Recupero, S. M.; Pezza, M.; Carlomagno, C.; Amoruso, G.; Calvieri, S. (2004), "Lisch nodules of the iris in neurofibromatosis type 1", Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venerology 18 (3): 342–4, doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00915.x, PMID 15096151