Lionel Tertis

Lionel Tertis

Lionel Tertis, CBE (29 December 1876 – 22 February 1975) was an English violist and one of the first viola players to find international fame. He was also a noted teacher.

Career

Tertis was born in West Hartlepool, the son of Polish-Jewish immigrants.^[1] (It has often been noted that his birth and that of the cellist Pablo Casals occurred on the very same day.) He initially studied the violin in Leipzig and at the Royal Academy of Music (RAM) in London. There he was encouraged by the Principal, Alexander Mackenzie, to take up the viola instead.^[2] Under the additional influence of Oskar Nedbal, he did so and rapidly became one of the best known violists of his time, touring Europe and the USA as a soloist.

As Professor of Viola at the RAM (from 1900), he encouraged his colleagues and students to compose for the instrument, thereby greatly expanding its repertoire.^[3] In 1906, Tertis was temporarily in the famous Bohemian Quartet to replace the violist/composer Oskar Nedbal.

Composers such as Arnold Bax, Frank Bridge, Gustav Holst, Benjamin Dale, York Bowen and William Walton wrote pieces for him. The Walton piece was his Viola Concerto; however, Tertis did not give the world premiere as he found it difficult to comprehend at the time; that honour went to Paul Hindemith.

He owned a 1717 Montagnana from 1920 to 1937^[4] which he found during one of his concert tours to Paris in 1920, and took a chance in acquiring. According to his memoirs, it was "shown to me in an unplayable condition, without bridge, strings or fingerboard.... No case was available – it was such a large instrument 17 1/8 inches – so my wife came to the rescue by wrapping it in her waterproof coat, and that is how it was taken across the English Channel." Tertis preferred a large viola to get an especially rich tone from his instrument. Knowing that some would find a 17-1/8-inch instrument too large he created his own Tertis model, which provides many of the tonal advantages of the larger instrument in a manageable 16-3/4-inch size.

Along with William Murdoch (piano), Albert Sammons, and Lauri Kennedy, Tertis formed the Chamber Music Players.^[5]

In 1936, while at the height of his powers, he announced his retirement from the concert platform to concentrate on teaching. He appeared as soloist only one more time, at a special concert in 1949 to an invited audience at the RAM to help raise money for his fund to encourage the composition of music for the viola.^[6]

He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1950 New Year's Honours.^[6]

Tertis composed several original works and also arranged many pieces not originally for the viola, such as Edward Elgar's Cello Concerto. He was the author of a number of publications about string playing, the viola in particular, and his own life. They include Cinderella No More and My Viola and I.

Lionel Tertis died in Wimbledon, London. The Lionel Tertis International Viola Competition was established in 1980 to honour his memory.

In February 2007, the British violist Roger Chase (along with his accompanist, pianist Michiko Otaki) initiated "The Tertis Project," a series of concerts devoted to works composed for Tertis.^[7] Chase performs on the Montagnana viola that belonged to Tertis.

Works

Original compositions

• Elizabethan Melody for viola and cello
• 15th Century Folk Song: 1452-Anonymous for viola, cello and piano
• Hier au soir for viola and piano
• Rêverie for viola and piano
• Sunset (Coucher du soleil) for viola (or violin or cello) and piano
• Three Sketches for viola and piano

1. Serenade; revised as A Tune
2. The Blackbirds (1952)
3. The River

• A Tune for viola and piano (published 1954); 2nd version of Serenade
• Variations on a Passacaglia of Handel for 2 violas (1935); original work based on the Passacaglia by Johan Halvorsen
• Variations on a Four Bar Theme of Handel for viola and cello

Transcriptions, arrangements and adaptations

For viola and piano unless otherwise noted

Writings

• My Viola and I. London: Kahn & Averill. 1991. ISBN 1-871-08220-X. 

References

1. ↑ Concise Dictionary of National Biography
2. ↑ This account is disputed by John White, who writes "It was another fellow student, Percy Hilder Miles, who made the casual request that would change the course of Tertis' life" (Lionel Tertis: The First Great Virtuoso of the Viola, page 5.)
3. ↑ Foreman, Christopher (2011). Benjamin Dale—A reassessment, Part 2: The viola years, 1916–1914. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
4. ↑ "ID: 3487, Type: viola". Cozio. Retrieved 22 August 2006. 
5. ↑ "Murdoch, William David (1888–1942)". adbonline. Retrieved 24 January 2007. 
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Eric Blom ed., Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed. (1954), Vol. VIII, p. 400
7. ↑ Roger Chase: The Tertis Project

External links

• Erin Arts Centre: Lionel Tertis photo gallery
• Harold B. Lee Library: Tertis discography

Other reading

• John White, Lionel Tertis: The First Great Virtuoso of the Viola (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2006)
• Tully Potter, "Chase Fulfilled", The Strad, August 1988.