Lebanese Uruguayan
 Alberto Abdala, a lawyer and politician of Lebanese descent, who served as member of the National Council of Government (1963-1937) and, later, Vice President of Uruguay (1968-1972). | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 53,000[1] to 70,000[2] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Montevideo, Chuy | |
| Languages | |
| Uruguayan Spanish, Lebanese Arabic | |
| Religion | |
| Christians (majority) and Islam (minority) |
There are about 53,000[1] to 70,000[2] Lebanese Uruguayans, or Uruguayans of Lebanese origin. The Lebanese are one of the larger non-European communities, though still not as large a group as most European groups.[2] Relations between Uruguay and Lebanon have always been close.[3]
History
The first Lebanese immigrants to Uruguay arrived in the 1860s, settling in Montevideo around Juan Lindolfo Cuestas street.[4] These early immigrants were mainly Maronite Christians, speaking only Arabic. The last great influx of Lebanese came in the 1920s along with other ethnic groups like Syrians and Europeans. Between 1908 and 1930, Montevideo's population doubled.[5]
On January 21, 1924, the Apostolic Missionary of Maronites was established by decree in Uruguay. On March 10, 1925, Monseñor Shallita arrived in Montevideo from Naples to lead the mission.[6]
The early settlers faced some discrimination as "Asiatics",[7] and a few were unable to adapt and returned to their homeland. However, most became established as small businessmen and entrepreneurs, and successfully adjusted to the society of their adopted country. Although retaining some cultural characteristics, notably the Lebanese cuisine, most Uruguayans of Lebanese origin no longer speak Arabic and have fully assimilated.[8]
In 1997, the house speaker of Uruguay visited Lebanon and met Patriarch Sfeir. He noted that the 99-seat parliament in Uruguay included two members with Lebanese origins including himself.[9] In 1954 there were 15,000 people of Lebanese descent living in Uruguay.[10] By 2009 the number had grown to between 53,000[1] and 70,000.[2] In July 2009, the Lebanese Society in Uruguay celebrated its 75th anniversary.[11] The 2011 Uruguayan census revealed 136 people who declared Lebanon as their country of birth.[12]
The majority of Lebanese-Uruguayans are Christians who belong to various churches, including the Maronite Church (they have their own church, Our Lady of Lebanon),[13] Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Melkite Catholic. A scant number are Muslims.
Notable Uruguayans of Lebanese origin
- Felipe Seade (1912 – 18 January 1969) was a social-realist painter and teacher born in Santiago de Chile, the elder son of a Lebanese immigrant family, who spent most of his life in Uruguay after moving to Montevideo at the age of 12.[14]
- Alberto Abdala (1920–1986), born of Lebanese immigrant parents, was a Uruguayan politician and painter who was Vice-President of Uruguay from 1967 to 1972. He was noted for his abstract compositions in oil on glass.[15]
- Amir Hamed (1962), Uruguayan writer and translator
- Dahd Sfeir (1932), Uruguayan singer and actress
- Bruno Sfeir is a well-known painter whose work shows Cubist, Constructivist and surrealist influences, somewhat reminiscent of the school of art initiated by Uruguayan artist Joaquín Torres García.[16]
- Jorge Aramburu is a noted photographer who has been employed by the United Nations since 1982 documenting peacekeeping missions in the Western Sahara, Yugoslavia, Guatemala, Eritrea and Lebanon.[17]
- Jorge Chediak is a lawyer and judge, member of the Supreme Court.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Geographical distribution of the Lebanese diaspora". United States Committee for a Free Lebanon. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Les Libanais d'Uruguay" (PDF) (in French).
En Uruguay, ils sont actuellement quelque 70 000 habitants d'origine libanaise (troisième communauté après les Espagnols et les Italiens)
- ↑ "Embassy of Uruguay in Lebanon". Embassy of Uruguay in Lebanon. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ "La inmigración libanesa en el Uruguay" (in Spanish). Colectividad Libanesa en el Uruguay. Archived from the original on 2009-07-24. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ "The Consolidation of Political Democracy". U.S. Library of Congress. Library of Congress Country Studies. 2009. Retrieved July 18, 2009.
- ↑ "¿Quiénes somos? Nuestra señora del líbano ruega por nosotros" (in Spanish). Nuestra Señora del Líbano. Archived from the original on 2008-03-18. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ "Lebanon, our privileged partner in this region of the world" (PDF). Monday Morning magazine (Lebanon). Retrieved 2009-07-08.
- ↑ Antonio Seluja (2002). Los libaneses en el Uruguay (in Spanish). Arca (Montevideo). p. 191. ISBN 9974-40-804-0.
- ↑ "News from Beirut". Lebanon.com. August 26, 1997. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ "Visitor from Lebanon". Time magazine. May 24, 1954. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
... Uruguay, where there are 15,000 Lebanese ...
- ↑ "Eventos de la Colectividad Libanesa en el Uruguay". Colectividad Libanesa en el Uruguay. Archived from the original on 2009-07-24. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ "Immigration to Uruguay" (PDF) (in Spanish). INE. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- ↑ "Maronite Lebanese in Uruguay" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ↑ "Felipe Seade". Alicia Seade-Delboy. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
- ↑ "Pintor Alberto Abdala" (in Spanish). 4Pixels SRL. 12 July 2004. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
- ↑ Laura Wilkinson (July 30, 2008). "Bruno Sfeir's surrealism: beyond the fronteras of nation states". The Daily Star, Lebanon. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
- ↑ "Pulling together" (PDF). United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon magazine. February 2008. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
External links
- Mary Elizabeth Wilkie (1973). The Lebanese in Montevideo, Uruguay. University of Wisconsin.
- "Association of Young Lebanese Uruguayans" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2009-07-08.
- Renzo Pi Hugarte. "La asimilación cultural de los siriolibaneses y sus descendientes en Uruguay" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 February 2015.
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