Lansoprazole

Lansoprazole
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(RS)-2-([3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
Clinical data
Trade names Prevacid
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a695020
Licence data US FDA:link
  • AU: B3
  • US: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Oral, IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 80% or more
Protein binding 97%
Metabolism Hepatic (CYP3A4- and CYP2C19-mediated)
Half-life 1–1.5 hours
Excretion Renal and fecal
Identifiers
103577-45-3 Yes
A02BC03
PubChem CID 3883
DrugBank DB00448 Yes
ChemSpider 3746 Yes
UNII 0K5C5T2QPG Yes
KEGG D00355 Yes
ChEBI CHEBI:6375 Yes
ChEMBL CHEMBL480 Yes
Chemical data
Formula C16H14F3N3O2S
369.363 g/mol
 Yes (what is this?)  (verify)

Lansoprazole (/lænˈsoʊprəzoʊl/ lan-SOH-prə-zohl; INN) is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) which inhibits the stomach's production of gastric acids. It is manufactured by a number of companies worldwide under several brand names. In the United States, it was first approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1995.[1] Prevacid patent protection expired on November 10, 2009.[2][3] Since 2009, lansoprazole has been available over the counter (OTC) in the U.S. in a 15-mg dose marketed by Novartis as Prevacid 24HR.[4][5][6] In Australia, it is marketed by Pfizer as Zoton.

Lansoprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) in the same pharmacologic class as omeprazole. Lansoprazole has been marketed for many years and is one of several PPIs available.[7] It is a racemic 1:1 mixture of the enantiomers dexlansoprazole (Dexilant, formerly named Kapidex) and levolansoprazole.[8] Dexlansoprazole is an enantiomerically pure active ingredient of a commercial drug as a result of the 'enantiomeric shift'.

Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life (1.5 h) is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects to the person (i.e. gastric acid suppression).[9] and the effects of the drug last for over 24 hours after it has been used for a day or more.[5] Lansoprazole, 30-mg administered nasogastrically, effectively controls intragastric pH and is an alternative to intravenous pantoprazole in patients who are unable to swallow solid-dose formulations.[10]

Indications

Lansoprazole is indicated for treatment of:

Drug interactions

Lansoprazole interacts with several other drugs, either due to its own nature or as a PPI.[11]

Lansoprazole possibly interacts with, amongst other drugs:

Side effects

Side effects of PPIs in general[13] and lansoprazole in particular[14] may include:

PPIs may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.[5]:22

Availability

Prevacid 30 mg

The lansoprazole molecule is off-patent and so generic drugs are available under many brand names in many countries;[17] there are patents covering some formulations in effect as of 2015.[18]

References

  1. ↑ Mosby's Drug Consult: Lansoprazole
  2. ↑ Prevacid drug patents
  3. ↑ Teva to release Prevacid version when patent expires
  4. ↑ "Novartis launches Prevacid 24HR over-the-counter for full 24-hour frequent heartburn treatment" (PDF) (Press release). November 12, 2009. Retrieved November 13, 2009.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Prevacid 24HR Label" (PDF). May 2010. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
  6. ↑ "Novartis launches Prevacid 24HR over-the-counter for full 24-hour frequent heartburn treatment" (Press release). November 12, 2009. Retrieved November 13, 2009.
  7. ↑ http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/30002943/
  8. ↑ "Pharmacy Benefit Update". Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Prevacid Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism". RxList.com. 2007. Retrieved April 14, 2007.
  10. ↑ Effects on 24-Hour Intragastric pHFreston M.D., Ph.D., James; Yi-Lin Chiu, Ph.D., Wei-Jian Pan, Ph.D., Nancy Lukasik, B.S.N., and Jörg Täubel, M.D., A.F.P.M. (2001). "Effects on 24-Hour Intragastric pH: A Comparison of Lansoprazole Administered Nasogastrically in Apple Juice and Pantoprazole Administered Intravenously". American Journal of Gastroenterology 96 (7): 2058–2065. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03939.x. ISSN 0002-9270. OCLC 440925790. PMID 11467632.
  11. ↑ British National Formulary (Free registration required) Lansoprazole interactions
  12. ↑ Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991 September; 35(9): 1765–1771. Effects of ranitidine and sucralfate on ketoconazole bioavailability. S C Piscitelli, T F Goss, J H Wilton, D T D'Andrea, H Goldstein, and J J Schentag
  13. ↑ British National Formulary (Free registration required) 1.3.5 Proton pump inhibitors
  14. ↑ British National Formulary (Free registration required) Lansoprazole
  15. ↑ K C Singhal & S Z Rahman, Lansoprazole Induced Adverse Effects on the Skin, Indian Medical Gazette, July 2001, Vol. CXXXV. N0. 7: 223-225
  16. ↑ Sterry W, Assaf C (2007). "Erythroderma". In Bolognia JL. Dermatology. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 154. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0..
  17. ↑ drugs.com International availability of lansoprazole Page accessed February 3, 2015
  18. ↑ drugs.com Generic lansoprazole Page accessed February 3, 2015

External links