Koksoak River
| Koksoak River | |
| Rivière Koksoak | |
| Country | Canada |
|---|---|
| Province | Quebec |
| Region | Nord-du-Québec |
| Source confluence | Kanniq Confluence (Caniapiscau and Larch Rivers) |
| - location | About 80 km SW from Kuujjuaq |
| - elevation | 20 m (66 ft) |
| - coordinates | 57°40′18″N 69°29′12″W / 57.67167°N 69.48667°W |
| Mouth | Ungava Bay |
| - location | About 50 km NNE from Kuujjuaq |
| - elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| - coordinates | 58°32′11″N 68°09′29″W / 58.53639°N 68.15806°WCoordinates: 58°32′11″N 68°09′29″W / 58.53639°N 68.15806°W |
| Length | 137 km (85 mi) |
| Basin | 133,400 km2 (51,500 sq mi) [1] |
| Discharge | |
| - average | 2,800 m3/s (98,900 cu ft/s) [1] |
 Drainage basin of the Koksoak River in yellow. Diverted basin of the Caniapiscau River in orange.
| |
The Koksoak River (in French, rivière Koksoak) is a river in northern Quebec, Canada, the largest river in the Nunavik region. The Inuit village and region's administrative center Kuujjuaq lies on the shores of the Koksoak, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south from its mouth.
The name Koksoak is believed to originate from Moravian missionaries who evangelized among the Inuit of the area at the beginning of British rule and incorrectly spelled the Inuktitut word Kuujjuaq, meaning "great river." In the 19th century, the river was also known as Big or South River, taken from South Bay which was the name of Ungava Bay at that time. In 1916, the name Koksoak was officially adopted.[2]
The Koksoak River arises at the confluence of its two main tributaries, the Rivière aux Mélèzes to the west and the Caniapiscau River to the south. The Koksoak River flows for about 80 kilometres (50 mi) in an east-northeasterly direction into Ungava Bay, and passes by the village of Kuujjuaq, from where it flows northwards for about 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the coast. The total length of the Koksoak River and its main tributary, the Caniapiscau River, is approximately 874 kilometres (543 mi) and the size of the drainage basin is about 133,000 square kilometres (51,000 sq mi). However, in 1985 the upper waters of the Canaipiscau River were diverted as part of the James Bay Project and about 45% of the waterflow of the Caniapiscau now flows through the Caniapiscau Reservoir and on into the LaForge and La Grande Rivers to the west. The catchment area of the Caniapiscau Reservoir is about 36,800 square kilometres (14,200 sq mi).
The Koksoak river has an estimated mean discharge of approximately 55 km3 of water per year - though the absence of long streamgauging records means accurate data are not available. Most of the flow occurs during the early summer when the ice on the river thaws and snow in the Canadian Shield melts. The Koksoak River lies on the boundary between the northern limit of the boreal forest and the vast tundra expanses of the Ungava Peninsula to the north. All the Koksoak basin is covered with permafrost - discontinuous in the south and continuous in the north.
Although hunting activities and administrative services are a mainstay of life in Kuujjuaq, adventure tourism is expanding, centered mostly on caribou hunting as well as salmon, trout and Arctic char fishing.
Tributaries
The significant tributaries of the Koksoak are (in upstream order):
- Highfall Creek
- Kupatalik River
- Ujaralialuk River
- Caniapiscau River
- Forbes River
- Situraviup River
- Andréas River
- Sérigny River
- Rivière aux Mélèzes
- Aigneau River
- Lefebvre River
- Ikirtuuq River
- Rivière du Gué
- Guignas River
- Delay River
- Potier River
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Natural Resources Canada, Atlas of Canada - Rivers (original values prior to diversion of Caniapiscau River)
- ↑ "Rivière Koksoak" (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
Further reading
- Breton-Provencher, Mimi. Summary of Information About the Koksoak River Region. [S.l.]: Société d'énergie de la baie James, Groupe d'étude conjoint Caniapiscau-Koksoak, 1982.
- Hydro-Québec. The Salmon of the Koksoak. Montreal: Hydro-Québec, 1984. ISBN 2-550-11519-8
- Kwan, Michael K. H. Mercury and Selenium in Fish from the Koksoak River. [Kuujjuaq, Quebec]: Makivik Corporation, 1999.
- Lalumière, Richard, Roger Le Jeune, and André Boudreault. Effects of a Streamflow Reduction on the Caniapiscau and Koksoak Rivers. [S.l.]: Caniapiscau-Koksoak Joint Study Group, James Bay Energy Corp, 1985.
- Makivik Corporation. The Koksoak River Fishery, 1982. Kuujjuaq, Quebec: Makivik Corporation, 1986.
- Messier, Danielle. Synthesis of Physical Modifications in the Koksoak River Estuary Following the Cutoff of the Caniapiscau River. [S.l.]: Société d'énergie de la baie James, Direction Ingénierie et environnement [Groupe d'étude conjoint Caniapiscau-Koksoak], 1985.