Keri (fedayi)

Arshak Gafavian
Commanders of the Russian Armenian Volunteer Corps: Keri of the 4th battalion, Hamazasp of the 3rd battalion, Vartan of the Ararat regiment
Birth name	Arshak Gafavian
Nickname(s)	Keri
Born	1858 Erzurum, Erzurum Vilayet, Ottoman Empire
Died	15 May 1916 (aged 57–58) Rowanduz, Iraq, United Kingdom
Buried at	Khojivank, Tbilisi
Allegiance	Dashnaktsutyun (1880s–1916)  Russian Empire (1914–1916)
Service/branch	Russian Armenian Volunteer Corps
Years of service	1880s—1916
Commands held	4th Armenian volunteer battalion
Battles/wars	Armenian National Liberation Movement Sasun Uprising Persian Constitutional Revolution World War I Caucasus Campaign Battle of Sarikamish

Arshak Gavafian, better known by his nom de guerre Keri (1858 – 15 May 1916), was an Armenian fedayee military commander and member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.^[1]

Biography

Arshak Gavafian was born in Erzurum. He graduated from the local Armenian school. Gavafian had soon taken part in Armenian resistance activity. In 1895, during the Hamidian massacres in Erzurum, Gavafian led by an armed group to protect Armenian people in the region and soon became their spiritual leader.^[2]

Gavafian moved to Sassoon in 1903 and took part in the 1904 Sasun uprising. After some time, he moved to Vaspurakan, where, during the Armenian–Tatar massacres, was one of the organizers of the Armenian self-defense of Zangezur (in particular, Angeghakot).^[2] In the following years he took part in the revolution in Persian Constitutional Revolution from 1908 to 1912 and was an associate of Yeprem Khan. After Khan's death, Gavafian had his killers killed in revenge and lead the Caucasian troops.

4th Armenian battalion

After the declaration of the First World War, Keri became the commander of the 4th Armenian volunteer battalion of the Imperial Russian Army in 1914. Keri led the volunteer unit in the Battle of Sarikamish at the Barduz pass.^[3] Victory was largely determined by the courage of the Armenian soldiers and military genius of Keri, who relieved the besieged Russian and Armenian troops at Rowanduz in 1916.

The battle of Sarikamish, which the British press boomed as an enormous Russian success, was absolutely won by the courage and determination of the Armenian soldiers in the Russian army, and by the military genius of Arshak Gafavian (familiarly known as Keri), whose gallant life was lost in the battle of Rowanduz, where he inflicted another heavy defeat on the Turks and saved the situation. If it were not for Keri and Armenian soldiers, the Sarikamish battle would have been lost, and the Turkish army would have reached Tiflis. - Diana Abgar, On the Cross of Europe's Imperialism, Armenia Crucified^[4]

In 1916, on his way to Mosul from Rowanduz, Keri and his detachment was surrounded and, while trying to get out, he was killed in battle. After his death, his body was transferred to Tiflis and buried within the Armenian Khojivank cemetery.^[3]

See also

• Battle of Sarikamish

References