Kawanishi E11K

E11K
Role Night reconnaissance/transport flying boat
National origin Japan
Manufacturer Kawanishi Aircraft Company
First flight 11 June 1937
Primary user Imperial Japanese Navy
Number built 2


The Kawanishi E11K was a Japanese flying boat of the 1930s. It was designed as a night reconnaissance aircraft for the Imperial Japanese Navy, but was not accepted, the two aircraft built being used as transports as the Type 96 Transport Flying Boat during the Second World War.

Development and design

In 1936 the Imperial Japanese Navy drew up a requirement for an aircraft to replace the Aichi Type 96 Reconnaissance Seaplane as a specialised night reconnaissance aircraft, intended to spot naval gunfire in night actions and to shadow enemy forces at night, allowing submarines to be directed to targets.[1] The requirement was passed to Aichi and Kawanishi, with both companies producing aircraft to meet the navy's needs. While Aichi produced a biplane similar to the aircraft that was to be replaced, Kawanishi designed a gull winged cantilever monoplane. It was powered by a single pusher Hiro Type 91 w engine strut mounted above the wing driving a four-bladed propeller, with its radiator mounted in a fairing above the rear fuselage so that it was located in the propeller's slipstream. It was fitted with retractable wingtip floats, while its wings folded to aid storage aboard the cruisers of the Japanese Navy.[2][3]

The first of two prototypes of Kawanishi's design, the Experimental 11-Shi Special Reconnaissance Seaplane,[a] with the short designation E11K, made its maiden flight on 11 June 1937. It proved to have poor stability and water handling, while the engine installtion overheated. It was unsuitable for the night reconnaissance role, with the Aichi design proving generally superior and being ordered into production as the Aichi E11A.[1]

Operational history

The two prototypes were fitted with retractable beaching gear, in order to be serve as a utility transport aircraft, and was accepted into service by the Japanese Navy as the Type 96 Transport.[b] These aircraft were used as liaison aircraft for reconnaissance seaplane squadrons and remained in use well into the Second World War.[1][4]

Specifications

Data from Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941[5]

General characteristics

Performance

See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Related lists

Footnotes

References

Notes
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Mikesh and Abe 1990, p. 139.
  2. ↑ Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp. 139–140.
  3. ↑ Green 1968, p. 129.
  4. ↑ Green 1968, p. 130.
  5. ↑ Mikesh and Abe 1990, p. 140.
  6. ↑ Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp. 2, 286.
Bibliography
  • Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Five, Flying Boats. London:Macdonald, 1968. ISBN 0-356-01449-5.
  • Mikesh, Robert and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kawanishi Aircraft Company.