Kadamba architecture

Bhuvaraha Narasimha temple Halasi, Karnataka

Kadamba architecture was a style of temple architecture founded by Mayurasharma in 4th century AD in Karnataka, India[1] Kadambas created new style of architecture which was the basis of the Hoysalas style of architecture, developed original school of sculpture, was the forerunner of series of South Indian sculptors.[2] Many temples at Aihole, Badami and Hampi are built in Kadamba architectural style.

History

During 345 AD to 525 AD, the ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka, the Kadambas made early contribution to the Architecture of Karnataka and they are the originators.[3]

Kadamba Shikara

Lakshmi Devi temple, Doddagaddavalli

The most prominent feature of Kadamba architecture was Shikara called Kadamba Shikara. The tower rises in steps without any decoration (pyramid shaped shikara)with pinnacle (Stupika or Kalasha) on top. The Kadamba temples vimana usually square in plan, the tower is pyramidal shape and constitutes a series of horizontal step stages decorated with uniform series of quadrangular vertical projections and covering vestibules attached to vimana, The stages are more numerous and less elevated, devoid of pavilion ornamentation.

Kadamba's architecture and sculpture contributed to the foundation of Chalukya-Hoysala style.

Temples in Kadamba architectural style

Two Shiva temples on Hemakuta hill at Hampi
Mallikarjuna group of temples at Badami
A shrine with Kadamba style superstructure at Mahakuta
Ruined temple at Aihole near Durga temple, in Kadamba style

The 5th century monuments at Halasi are the oldest surviving Kadamba structure. The most prominent feature is the Kadamba Shikara with a Kalasa on top. In Belgaum district, Hattikeshwara, Kalleshwara and Someshwara temples at Halasi and group of temples at Kadaroli illustrates the Kadamba architecture. The old Jain basadi containing a sanctum and a sukanasi at Halasi the most ancient stone temple in Karnataka. Kadamba architecture constituted an important link between the Shatavahanas, Pallavas and Chalukyas architecture. Kadamba architecture elements in Hoysala Architecture.[4]

Aihole

Many temples at Aihole including Ramlingesvara temple Complex, Badigergudi temple and small shrines at Durga temple complex, Tryambakeshwara temple complex, ruined temple at Mallikarjuna temple complex, shrines at Jyotirlinga temple complex, small temple at Hucchimalli temple complex, ruined temples Galaganatha temple complex and many temples along the Malaprabha River are built in Kadamba architectural (Shikhara) style.

Badami

Kadamba style Mallikarjuna group of temples and Bhutanatha group of temples(temple on adjacent small hill top) at Badami.

Hampi

Including Jain temples and two Shiva temples and many ruined temples on Hemakuta hill at Hampi built in Kadamba style of architecture.

Mahakuta

There are many shrines with Kadamba superstructure at Mahakuta including Bhimeshwara ling temple, newly renovated temple out side main temple complex.

Bandalike

There are many temples and Basadis at Bandalike (Bandalika), it is about 35 km from Shikaripura including Shantinath basadi, Sahasralinga temple and Someshwara threemurthy temples those are of Rastrakutas and Kadambas period, temples built in Kadamba style of architecture.

Belgaum district
Uttara Kannada district
Hassan district
Gadag district
Haveri district
Chikmagalur district
Other parts of Karnataka
Other parts of India
Maharashtra
Andhrapradesh

Chalukya-Kadamba architectural style

Architecture of Karnataka
Architecture of Karnataka
(345 to present)
Kadamba architecture – synthesis of several schools
(345 to 525)
Dravidian architecture (Western Ganga Dynasty)
(350 to 550)
Badami Chalukya architecture or the Vesara style
(543 to 753)
Dravidian & Rekhanagara architecture of Rashtrakutas
(753 to 973)
Western Chalukya architecture (Gadag style of architecture)
(1000 and 1200)
Hoysala architecture of the Hoysala Empire
(1100 and 1400)
Vijayanagara architecture of the Vijayanagar Empire
(1336 to 1648)
Islamic architecture of Bijapur Sultanate
(1490 to 1686)
Keladi Nayaka architecture of the Nayaka kingdoms
(1499 – 1763)
Architecture of Kingdom of Mysore –
Blends of Hindu, Muslim, Rajput, and Gothic styles of architecture
(1399 to 1947)
Indo-Sarcenic and Muslim architecture of Tippu Sultan
(1780)
Buddhist Viharas, Tibetan Culture & Tibetan architecture at Bylakuppe
(1953 to present)
Sikh architecture of Bidar & Bangalore
(1512 to present)
Neo-Gothic church architecture
(1933 to 1956)
Neo-Dravidian architecture
(1947 to present)

Hoysala-Kadamba architectural style

Kadamba-Yadava architectural style

Temples with this style

See also

Gallery of Kadamba Shikhara

Hemakuta temple hill complex Hampi

References

  1. ↑ "Kadamba Style Temple Architecture". Retrieved 2011-07-22.
  2. ↑ The Kadamba Kula A History of Ancient and Mediaeval Karnataka Reprint Bombay 1931 Edition -Preface. by George M. Moraes, H. Heras S.J.(Asian Educational Services). Retrieved 2013-08-26.
  3. ↑ "Kadambas of Banavasi". Retrieved 2011-07-22.
  4. ↑ "Kadamba Architecture - Banavasi". Retrieved 2013-08-23.
  5. ↑ "Kamal Basti has Kadamba Nagara shikara". Retrieved 2013-08-23.
  6. ↑ "Six chosen for development as ‘Heritage Cities’ in State". Retrieved 2013-09-03.
  7. ↑
  8. ↑ "Renovation work of Uma Maheshwara temple begins". Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  9. ↑ "CHANNAKESVA TEMPLE TOGETHER WITH ADJACENT". Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  10. ↑ "Goa - Tambdi Surla Temple - Kadamba-Yadava architecture". Retrieved 2013-08-23.