July 25

July 25 is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 159 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 285 – Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler.
• 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
• 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge.
• 864 – The Edict of Pistres of Charles the Bald orders defensive measures against the Vikings.
• 1137 – Eleanor of Aquitaine married Prince Louis, eldest son of King Louis VII of France, at the Cathedral of Saint-André in Bordeaux.
• 1139 – Battle of Ourique: The Almoravids, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince Afonso Henriques.
• 1261 – The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.
• 1278 – The naval Battle of Algeciras takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista resulting in a victory for the Emirate of Granada and the Maranid Dynasty over the Kingdom of Castile.
• 1467 – The Battle of Molinella: The first battle in Italy in which firearms are used extensively.
• 1536 – Sebastián de Belalcázar on his search of El Dorado founds the city of Santiago de Cali.
• 1538 – The city of Guayaquil is founded by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil.
• 1547 – Henry II of France is crowned.
• 1554 – Mary I marries Philip II of Spain at Winchester Cathedral.
• 1567 – Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.
• 1593 – Henry IV of France publicly converts from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.
• 1603 – James VI of Scotland is crowned king of England (James I of England), bringing the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland into personal union. Political union would occur in 1707.
• 1609 – The English ship Sea Venture, en route to Virginia, is deliberately driven ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent its sinking; the survivors go on to found a new colony there.
• 1693 – Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Mexico.
• 1722 – Dummer's War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts border.
• 1755 – British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation of the Acadians. Thousands of Acadians are sent to the British Colonies in America, France and England. Some later move to Louisiana, while others resettle in New Brunswick.
• 1759 – French and Indian War: In Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé.
• 1783 – American Revolutionary War: The war's last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is ended by a preliminary peace agreement.
• 1788 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his Symphony No. 40 in G minor (K550).
• 1792 – The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris promising vengeance if the French Royal Family is harmed.
• 1795 – The first stone of the Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is laid.
• 1797 – Horatio Nelson loses more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).
• 1799 – At Abu Qir in Egypt, Napoleon I of France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa Pasha.
• 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane – reinforcements arrive near Niagara Falls for General Riall's British and Canadian forces and a bloody, all-night battle with Jacob Brown's Americans commences at 18.00; the Americans retreat to Fort Erie.
• 1824 – Costa Rica annexes Guanacaste from Nicaragua.
• 1837 – The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone on July 25, 1837 between Euston and Camden Town in London.
• 1853 – Joaquin Murrieta, the famous Californio bandit known as "Robin Hood of El Dorado", is killed.
• 1861 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
• 1866 – The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
• 1868 – Wyoming becomes a United States territory.
• 1869 – The Japanese daimyo begin returning their land holdings to the emperor as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese Date: June 17, 1869).
• 1893 – The Corinth Canal in the Gulf of Corinth, Greece is used for the first time.
• 1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War begins when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.
• 1898 – After over two months of sea-based bombardment, the United States invasion of Puerto Rico begins with U.S. troops led by General Nelson Miles landing at harbor of Guánica, Puerto Rico.
• 1908 – Ajinomoto is founded. Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers that a key ingredient in kombu soup stock is monosodium glutamate (MSG), and patents a process for manufacturing it.
• 1909 – Louis Blériot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine from (Calais to Dover, England, United Kingdom) in 37 minutes.
• 1915 – RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes the first British military aviator to earn the Victoria Cross, for defeating three German two-seat observation aircraft in one day, over the Western Front.
• 1917 – Sir Robert Borden introduces the first income tax in Canada as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
• 1920 – France captures Damascus.
• 1925 – Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.
• 1934 – The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
• 1940 – General Henri Guisan orders the Swiss Army to resist German invasion and makes surrender illegal.
• 1942 – Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the Nazis.
• 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by his own Italian Grand Council and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
• 1944 – World War II: Operation Spring – one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war: One thousand five hundred casualties, including 500 killed.
• 1946 – Operation Crossroads: An atomic bomb is detonated underwater in the lagoon of Bikini Atoll.
• 1946 – At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis stage their first show as a comedy team.
• 1950 – the Korean People's Army crossed the 38th parallel starting The Korean War.
• 1952 – The U.S. non-incorporated territory of Puerto Rico adopts a constitution.
• 1956 – Forty-five miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collides with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog and sinks the next day, killing 51.
• 1957 – The Republic of Tunisia is proclaimed.
• 1958 – The African Regroupment Party (PRA) holds its first congress in Cotonou.
• 1959 – SR.N1 hovercraft crosses the English Channel from Calais, France to Dover, England in just over two hours.
• 1961 – In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.
• 1965 – Bob Dylan goes electric as he plugs in at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.
• 1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war.
• 1973 – Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched.
• 1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo.
• 1978 – Puerto Rico police assassinate two nationalists in the Cerro Maravilla murders.
• 1978 – Louise Brown, the world's first "test tube baby" is born.
• 1979 – Another section of the Sinai Peninsula is peacefully returned by Israel to Egypt.
• 1983 – Black July: Thirty-seven Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese prisoners.
• 1984 – Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
• 1993 – Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call the Seven-Day War.
• 1993 – The Saint James Church massacre occurs in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.
• 1994 – Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, that formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.
• 1996 – In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.
• 2000 – Concorde Air France Flight 4590 crashes at Paris Charles de Gaulle airport, killing 113 passengers.
• 2002 – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam became the 11th president of India.
• 2007 – Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India's first female president.
• 2010 – WikiLeaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.
• 2012 – Pranab Mukherjee became the 13th president of India.

Births

• 1016 – Casimir I the Restorer, Polish son of Mieszko II Lambert (d. 1058)
• 1261 – Arthur II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1312)
• 1336 – Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1404)
• 1404 – Philip I, Duke of Brabant (d. 1430)
• 1421 – Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, English politician (d. 1461)
• 1562 – Katō Kiyomasa, Japanese warlord (d. 1611)
• 1654 – Agostino Steffani, Italian diplomat and composer (d. 1728)
• 1657 – Philipp Heinrich Erlebach, German composer (d. 1714)
• 1658 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish general (d. 1703)
• 1683 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch playwright and poet (d. 1756)
• 1750 – Henry Knox, American general and politician, 1st United States Secretary of War (d. 1806)
• 1753 – Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires, French-Spanish captain and politician, 10th Viceroy of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (d. 1810)
• 1797 – Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1889)
• 1839 – Francis Garnier, French captain and explorer (d. 1873)
• 1844 – Thomas Eakins, American painter, sculptor, and photographer (d. 1916)
• 1848 – Arthur Balfour, Scottish politician, 33rd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1930)
• 1860 – Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia (d. 1917)
• 1865 – Jac. P. Thijsse, Dutch conservationist and botanist (d. 1945)
• 1866 – Frederick Blackman, British plant physiologist (d. 1947)
• 1867 – Max Dauthendey, German author and painter (d. 1918)
• 1867 – Alexander Rummler, American painter (d. 1959)
• 1869 – Platon, Estonian bishop and saint (d. 1919)
• 1870 – Maxfield Parrish, American illustrator (d. 1966)
• 1875 – Jim Corbett, Indian hunter, environmentalist, and author (d. 1955)
• 1882 – George S. Rentz, American captain (d. 1942)
• 1883 – Alfredo Casella, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1947)
• 1886 – Edward Cummins, American golfer (d. 1926)
• 1886 – Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Swedish hunter and author (d. 1946)
• 1886 – Hans von Blixen-Finecke, Swedish horse rider (b. 1917)
• 1894 – Walter Brennan, American actor and singer (d. 1974)
• 1894 – Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (d. 1918)
• 1895 – Yvonne Printemps, French actress and singer (d. 1977)
• 1895 – Ingeborg Spangsfeldt, Danish actress (d. 1968)
• 1896 – Jack Perrin, American actor and stuntman (d. 1967)
• 1896 – Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (d. 1952)
• 1901 – Ruth Krauss, American author (d. 1993)
• 1901 – Lila Lee, American actress (d. 1973)
• 1902 – Eric Hoffer, American philosopher and author (d. 1983)
• 1905 – Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-Swiss author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
• 1950 – Georges Grignard, French racing driver (d. 1977)
• 1905 – Denys Watkins-Pitchford, English author and illustrator (d. 1990)
• 1906 – Johnny Hodges, American saxophonist and clarinet player (d. 1970)
• 1908 – Bill Bowes, English cricketer (d. 1987)
• 1908 – Ambroise-Marie Carré, French priest and author (d. 2004)
• 1908 – Jack Gilford, American actor (d. 1990)
• 1908 – Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, Indian singer (d. 2003)
• 1914 – Woody Strode, American football player and actor (d. 1994)
• 1915 – S. U. Ethirmanasingham, Sri Lankan businessman and politician
• 1915 – Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1944)
• 1916 – Lucien Saulnier, Canadian politician (d. 1989)
• 1917 – Fritz Honegger, Swiss politician (d. 1999)
• 1917 – Whipper Billy Watson, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (d. 1990)
• 1918 – Jane Frank, American painter and sculptor (d. 1986)
• 1920 – Rosalind Franklin, English biophysicist, chemist, and academic (d. 1958)
• 1921 – Adolph Herseth, American trumpet player (Chicago Symphony Orchestra) (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Lionel Terray, French mountaineer (d. 1965)
• 1923 – Estelle Getty, American actress (d. 2008)
• 1923 – Edgar Gilbert, American mathematician and theorist (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Maria Gripe, Swedish author (d. 2007)
• 1924 – Frank Church, American lawyer and politician (d. 1984)
• 1924 – Scotch Taylor, South African cricketer and hockey player (d. 2004)
• 1925 – Benny Benjamin, American drummer (The Funk Brothers) (d. 1969)
• 1925 – Jerry Paris, American actor, director, and producer (d. 1986)
• 1925 – Jutta Zilliacus, Finnish journalist and politician
• 1926 – Whitey Lockman, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2009)
• 1927 – Daniel Ceccaldi, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1927 – Midge Decter, American journalist and author
• 1927 – Sadiq Hussain Qureshi, Pakistani politician, 10th Governor of Punjab (d. 2000)
• 1927 – Jean-Marie Seroney, Kenyan politician (d. 1982)
• 1928 – Dolphy, Filipino actor, singer, and producer (d. 2012)
• 1928 – Mario Montenegro, Filipino actor (d. 1988)
• 1928 – Nils Taube, Estonian-English businessman (d. 2008)
• 1929 – Judd Buchanan, Canadian politician
• 1929 – Somnath Chatterjee, Indian politician, 14th Speaker of the Lok Sabha
• 1929 – Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1995)
• 1930 – Murray Chapple, New Zealand cricketer and manager (d. 1985)
• 1930 – Maureen Forrester, Canadian opera singer (d. 2010)
• 1930 – Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and criminologist (d. 1990)
• 1930 – Annie Ross, Scottish-American singer and actress (Lambert, Hendricks & Ross)
• 1931 – James Butler, English sculptor and educator
• 1932 – Paul J. Weitz, American captain, pilot, and astronaut
• 1933 – Ken Swofford, American actor
• 1934 – Don Ellis, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1978)
• 1934 – Claude Zidi, French director and screenwriter
• 1935 – Barbara Harris, American actress and singer
• 1935 – Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi Arabian businessman
• 1935 – Gilbert Parent, Canadian politician, 33rd Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons (d. 2009)
• 1935 – John Robinson, American football player and coach
• 1935 – Larry Sherry, American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
• 1935 – Lars Werner, Swedish politician (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Gerry Ashmore, English race car driver
• 1936 – Glenn Murcutt, English-Australian architect
• 1936 – August Schellenberg, Canadian-American actor (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Colin Renfrew, Baron Renfrew of Kaimsthorn, English archeologist and academic
• 1940 – Richard Ballantine, American-English journalist and author (d. 2013)
• 1941 – Manny Charlton, Spanish-Scottish guitarist (Nazareth and Manny Charlton Band)
• 1941 – Billy Hardwick, American bowler (d. 2013)
• 1941 – Raúl Ruiz, Chilean-French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2011)
• 1941 – Peter Suschitzky, Polish-English cinematographer
• 1941 – Nate Thurmond, American basketball player
• 1941 – Emmett Till, American murder victim (d. 1955)
• 1942 – Bruce Woodley, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Seekers)
• 1943 – Jim McCarty, English singer and drummer (The Yardbirds, Renaissance, and Illusion)
• 1943 – Erika Steinbach, German politician
• 1944 – Peter Duncan, Canadian skier
• 1944 – Sally Beauman, English journalist and author
• 1945 – Donna Theodore, American actress and singer
• 1946 – José Areas, Nicaraguan drummer (Santana)
• 1946 – Nicole Farhi, French fashion designer and sculptor
• 1946 – John Gibson, American radio host
• 1946 – Rita Marley, Cuban-Jamaican singer (Bob Marley and the Wailers and I Threes)
• 1946 – P. Selvarasa, Sri Lankan politician
• 1948 – Steve Goodman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1984)
• 1950 – Mark Clarke, English singer-songwriter and bass player (Colosseum, Mountain, Natural Gas, and Uriah Heep)
• 1951 – Jack Thompson, American lawyer and activist
• 1951 – Verdine White, American bass player and producer (Earth, Wind & Fire)
• 1952 – Eduardo Souto de Moura, Portuguese architect, designed the Estádio Municipal de Braga
• 1952 – Huang Wenyong, Malaysian-Singaporean actor (d. 2013)
• 1953 – Robert Zoellick, American banker and politician, 14th United States Deputy Secretary of State
• 1954 – Lynne Frederick, English-American actress (d. 1994)
• 1954 – Ken Greer, Canadian guitarist, keyboard player, and producer (Red Rider)
• 1954 – Sheena McDonald, Scottish journalist
• 1954 – Walter Payton, American football player (d. 1999)
• 1954 – Jochem Ziegert, German footballer and manager
• 1955 – Iman, Somalian-English model and actress
• 1955 – Randall Bewley, American guitarist and songwriter (Pylon and Supercluster) (d. 2009)
• 1955 – Kike Elomaa, Finnish bodybuilder and politician
• 1955 – Tom McCamus, Canadian actor
• 1956 – Andy Goldsworthy, English-Scottish sculptor and photographer
• 1957 – Mark Hunter, English politician
• 1957 – Steve Podborski, Canadian skier
• 1958 – Alexei Filippenko, American astrophysicist and educator
• 1958 – Thurston Moore, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Sonic Youth, Ciccone Youth, The Coachmen, and Dim Stars)
• 1959 – Fyodor Cherenkov, Russian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
• 1959 – Anatoly Onoprienko, Ukrainian murderer (d. 2013)
• 1959 – Geoffrey Zakarian, American chef and author
• 1960 – Alain Robidoux, Canadian snooker player
• 1960 – Justice Howard, American photographer
• 1961 – Bobbie Eakes, American actress and singer
• 1961 – Katherine Kelly Lang, American actress
• 1961 – Hugo Teufel III, American lawyer and politician
• 1962 – Carin Bakkum, Dutch tennis player
• 1962 – Doug Drabek, American baseball player and coach
• 1963 – Denis Coderre, Canadian politician, 44th Mayor of Montreal
• 1963 – Julian Hodgson, Welsh chess player
• 1964 – Anne Applebaum, American journalist and author
• 1964 – Tony Granato, American ice hockey player and coach
• 1964 – Breuk Iversen, American designer and writer
• 1965 – Marty Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1965 – Illeana Douglas, American actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1966 – Maureen Herman, American bass player (Babes in Toyland)
• 1966 – Diana Johnson, English politician
• 1966 – Lynda Lemay, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1966 – Christine Quinn, American politician
• 1967 – Matt LeBlanc, American actor and producer
• 1967 – Ruth Peetoom, Dutch minister and politician
• 1967 – Wendy Raquel Robinson, American actress
• 1967 – Tommy Skjerven, Norwegian footballer and referee
• 1968 – Rudi Bryson, South African cricketer
• 1968 – Shi Tao, Chinese journalist and poet
• 1969 – Jon Barry, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1970 – Ernesto Alterio, Argentinian-Spanish actor
• 1971 – Chloë Annett, English actress
• 1971 – Roger Creager, American singer-songwriter
• 1971 – Tracy Murray, American basketball player
• 1971 – Billy Wagner, American baseball player and coach
• 1973 – David Denman, American actor
• 1973 – Dani Filth, English singer-songwriter and actor (Cradle of Filth)
• 1973 – Hu Jia, Chinese activist
• 1973 – Mur Lafferty, American author and blogger
• 1973 – Kevin Phillips, English footballer
• 1973 – Michael C. Williams, American actor
• 1974 – Lauren Faust, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
• 1974 – Jay R. Ferguson, American actor
• 1974 – Julia Laffranque, Estonian lawyer and judge
• 1974 – Kenzo Suzuki, Japanese wrestler
• 1975 – Jody Craddock, English footballer
• 1975 – Jean-Claude Darcheville, French footballer
• 1975 – El Zorro, Mexican wrestler
• 1976 – Tera Patrick, American porn actress
• 1976 – Jovica Tasevski-Eternijan, Macedonian poet and critic
• 1976 – Javier Vázquez, Puerto Rican baseball player
• 1977 – Ahmad Batebi, Iranian activist
• 1977 – Kenny Thomas, American basketball player
• 1978 – Louise Brown, English test tube baby
• 1978 – Gerard Warren, American football player
• 1979 – Amy Adams, American singer
• 1979 – Peter Brame, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1979 – Ali Carter, English snooker player
• 1979 – Juan Pablo Di Pace, Argentinian actor
• 1979 – Stefanie Hertel, German yodeler
• 1980 – Soo Ae, South Korean actress
• 1980 – Sven Järve, Estonian fencer
• 1980 – Shawn Riggans, American baseball player
• 1980 – Samuel Sheinbein, American-Israeli murderer (d. 2014)
• 1980 – Toni Vilander, Finnish race car driver
• 1980 – David Wachs, American actor
• 1980 – Scott Waldrom, New Zealand rugby player
• 1981 – Conor Casey, American soccer player
• 1981 – Constantinos Charalambidis, Cypriot footballer
• 1981 – Yūichi Komano, Japanese footballer
• 1981 – Mac Lethal, American rapper and producer
• 1981 – Jani Rita, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1982 – Jason Dundas, Australian-American television host and actor
• 1982 – Brad Renfro, American actor (d. 2008)
• 1982 – Monde Zondeki, South African cricketer
• 1983 – Richie Chance, American actor and producer
• 1983 – Kauri Kõiv, Estonian biathlete
• 1983 – Nenad Krstić, Serbian basketball player
• 1984 – Lauriane Gilliéron, Swiss model, Miss Switzerland 2005
• 1984 – Loukas Mavrokefalidis, Greek basketball player
• 1985 – James Lafferty, American actor and director
• 1985 – Jasmine Lennard, English model
• 1985 – Nelson Piquet, Jr., Brazilian race car driver
• 1985 – Hugo Rodallega, Colombian footballer
• 1985 – Shantel VanSanten, American actress and model
• 1986 – Hulk, Brazilian footballer
• 1986 – Abraham Gneki Guié, Ivorian footballer
• 1986 – Barbara Meier, German model and actress
• 1986 – Ahtyba Rubin, American football player
• 1987 – Mitchell Burgzorg, Dutch footballer and rapper
• 1987 – Michael Welch, American actor
• 1988 – Paulinho, Brazilian footballer
• 1988 – John Goossens, Dutch footballer
• 1988 – Tom Hiariej, Dutch footballer
• 1988 – Sarah Geronimo, Filipino singer-songwriter, dancer, host, and actress
• 1988 – Heather Marks, Canadian model and actress
• 1988 – Anthony Stokes, Irish footballer
• 1988 – Stacey Kemp, English skater
• 1989 – Andrew Caldwell, American actor
• 1989 – Noel Callahan, Canadian actor
• 1989 – Natalia Vieru, Russian basketball player
• 1990 – Andi Eigenmann, Filipino actress
• 1991 – Toni Duggan, English footballer
• 2000 – Preston Bailey, American actor

Deaths

• 306 – Constantius Chlorus, Roman emperor (b. 250)
• 1409 – Martin I of Sicily (b. 1376)
• 1471 – Thomas à Kempis, German priest and mystic (b. 1380)
• 1472 – Charles of Artois, Count of Eu (b. 1394)
• 1492 – Pope Innocent VIII (b. 1432)
• 1572 – Isaac Luria, Ottoman rabbi and mystic (b. 1534)
• 1608 – Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer (b. 1556)
• 1616 – Andreas Libavius, German physician and chemist (b. 1550)
• 1643 – Robert Pierrepont, English general and politician (b. 1584)
• 1681 – Urian Oakes, English-American minister and educator (b. 1631)
• 1790 – Johann Bernhard Basedow, German educator and reformer (b. 1723)
• 1790 – William Livingston, American soldier and politician, 1st Governor of New Jersey (b. 1723)
• 1791 – Isaac Low, American politician (b. 1735)
• 1794 – André Chénier, Greek-French poet (b. 1762)
• 1794 – Jean-Antoine Roucher, French poet (b. 1745)
• 1794 – Friedrich von der Trenck, Prussian aristocrat and adventurer (b. 1726)
• 1794 – Jean-François Autié, French hairdresser (b. 1758) (disputed)
• 1826 – Kondraty Ryleyev, Russian poet and publisher (b. 1795)
• 1834 – Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English philosopher, poet, and critic (b. 1772)
• 1842 – Dominique Jean Larrey, French physician and surgeon (b. 1766)
• 1843 – Charles Macintosh, Scottish chemist and engineer (b. 1766)
• 1853 – Joaquin Murrieta, Mexican-American criminal (b. 1829)
• 1861 – Jonas Furrer, Swiss politician (b. 1805)
• 1865 – James Barry, English soldier and surgeon (b. 1799)
• 1866 – Floride Calhoun, American wife of John C. Calhoun, 4th Second Lady of the United States (b. 1792)
• 1887 – John Taylor, American religious leader, 3rd President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1808)
• 1934 – François Coty, French businessman, founded Coty, Inc. (b. 1874)
• 1934 – Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian politician, 14th Chancellor of Austria (b. 1892)
• 1942 – Fred Englehardt, American triple jumper (b. 1879)
• 1952 – Herbert Murrill, English organist and composer (b. 1909)
• 1958 – Otto Lasanen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1891)
• 1959 – Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, Polish-Irish rabbi (b. 1888)
• 1962 – Thibaudeau Rinfret, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 9th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1879)
• 1963 – Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist and academic (b. 1877)
• 1966 – Frank O'Hara, American poet and critic (b. 1926)
• 1967 – Konstantinos Parthenis, Egyptian-Greek painter (b. 1878)
• 1971 – John Meyers, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1880)
• 1971 – Leroy Robertson, American composer and educator (b. 1896)
• 1973 – Louis St. Laurent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1882)
• 1980 – Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1938)
• 1982 – Hal Foster, Canadian-American author and illustrator (b. 1892)
• 1984 – Bryan Hextall, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1913)
• 1984 – Big Mama Thornton, American singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
• 1986 – Vincente Minnelli, American director and screenwriter (b. 1903)
• 1988 – Judith Barsi, American actress (b. 1978)
• 1989 – Steve Rubell, American businessman, co-owner of Studio 54 (b. 1943)
• 1992 – Alfred Drake, American actor and singer (b. 1914)
• 1995 – Charlie Rich, American singer-songwriter (b. 1932)
• 1996 – Howard Vernon, Swiss actor (b. 1914)
• 1997 – Ben Hogan, American golfer (b. 1912)
• 1998 – Tal Farlow, American guitarist (b. 1921)
• 1998 – Evangelos Papastratos, Greek businessman, co-founded Papastratos (b. 1910)
• 2000 – Rudi Faßnacht, German footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1934)
• 2002 – Abdel Rahman Badawi, Egyptian philosopher and poet (b. 1917)
• 2003 – Ludwig Bölkow, German engineer (b. 1912)
• 2003 – Erik Brann, American singer and guitarist (Iron Butterfly) (b. 1950)
• 2003 – John Schlesinger, English-American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
• 2004 – John Passmore, Australian philosopher and academic (b. 1914)
• 2005 – Albert Mangelsdorff, German trombonist (b. 1928)
• 2006 – Carl Brashear, American sailor (b. 1931)
• 2006 – Ezra Fleischer, Romanian-Israeli poet and philologist (b. 1928)
• 2007 – Bernd Jakubowski, German footballer and manager (b. 1952)
• 2007 – Jesse Marunde, American strongman (b. 1979)
• 2008 – Jeff Fehring, Australian footballer (b. 1955)
• 2008 – Tracy Hall, American chemist and academic (b. 1919)
• 2008 – Randy Pausch, American computer scientist and educator (b. 1960)
• 2009 – Yasmin Ahmad, Malaysian actress, director, and screenwriter (b. 1958)
• 2009 – Alexis Cohen, American singer (b. 1984)
• 2009 – Vernon Forrest, American boxer (b. 1971)
• 2009 – Stanley Middleton, English author (b. 1919)
• 2009 – Harry Patch, English soldier (b. 1898)
• 2010 – Redford White, Filipino actor (b. 1955)
• 2011 – Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot-Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
• 2012 – David Barby, English antiques expert (b. 1943)
• 2012 – Shelby Harris, American soldier (b. 1901)
• 2012 – B. R. Ishara, Indian director and screenwriter (b. 1934)
• 2012 – Barry Langford, English director and producer (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Greg Mohns, American-Canadian football player and coach (b. 1950)
• 2012 – Franz West, Austrian painter and sculptor (b. 1947)
• 2013 – Steve Berrios, American drummer (b. 1945)
• 2013 – Mohamed Brahmi, Tunisian politician (b. 1955)
• 2013 – Walter De Maria, American sculptor, illustrator, and composer (b. 1935)
• 2013 – William J. Guste, American lawyer and politician (b. 1922)
• 2013 – Hugh Huxley, English-American biologist and academic (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Bernadette Lafont, French actress (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Duilio Marzio, Argentinian actor (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Kongar-ol Ondar, Russian singer (b. 1962)
• 2014 – Carlo Bergonzi, Italian tenor and actor (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Alan C. Greenberg, American businessman (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Çolpan İlhan, Turkish actress (b. 1936)
• 2014 – Bel Kaufman, German-American author and academic (b. 1911)
• 2014 – Richard Larter, Australian painter and illustrator (b. 1929)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Anne (Eastern Christianity)
  • Christopher (Western Christianity)
  • Cucuphas
  • James the Great (Western Christianity)
  • Julian of Le Mans (translation)
  • July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Commonwealth Constitution Day, formerly Occupation Day. (Puerto Rico)
• Ebernoe Horn Fair (Sussex, southern England)
• Furrinalia (Roman Empire)
• Guanacaste Day (Costa Rica)
• Inca festival in honor of the thunder god Ilyap'a
• National Day of Galicia (Galicia)
• Republic Day (Tunisia)
• Amordadegan festival (Persian Empire)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to July 25.

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada