Julije Balović

Julije Balović

Portrait of captain Julije Balović
(end of the 17th century)
Born March 24, 1672
Perast, Republic of Venice
(in modern Montenegro)
Died September 10, 1727 (aged 55)
Nationality Venetian
Other names
  • Giulio Ballovich
  • Julius Balović[1]
Occupation entrepreneur, judge, sea captain and collector of epic poetry
Notable work Pratichae Schrivaneschae, Perast Chronicle

Julije Balović (Italian: Giulio Ballovich; March 24, 1672 – September 10, 1727)[2][3] was an entrepreneur, polyglot, judge,[4] sea captain[5] Venetian military officer and collector of epic poetry from Venetian held Perast (modern-day Montenegro). Some sources speculated that he authored some of the literature works he collected.[6]

Julije Balović belonged to noble Balović family from Perast. Following his father's footsteps, he became a sailor in Venetian navy and advanced from the rank of ship's scribe to shipmaster. He received numerous awards and gratitude letters for his successful participation in battles against pirates and Ottomans during the Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–18). Balović wrote several manuscripts which are considered as significant literature works and historical sources. His multilingual dictionary is one of the earliest records of Albanian language.

Family

Balović was born into noble Balović family[7] and lived in Perast (modern-day Montenegro).[8] His father was Matija Balović who had seven sons and two daughters.[9][7] Balović was married to Ana[10] and had three daughters[11] and four sons. Two of their sons died at young age (Petar and Antun) while remaining two sons (Julije and Petar) had no children so Julije's branch of the Balović family ceased to exist.[12]

Sailing career

Balović began his sailing career in the Venetian navy as ship's scribe and gradually advanced to the ranks of pilot, lieutenant, captain and finally shipmaster. He served on different ships including "Santa Croce", "Santa Antonio" and "Santa Cristoforo". Balović participated in numerous naval battles with pirates from Tripoli and Ulcinj near Durazzo and Šćedro and also in some larger military conflicts like Siege of Corfu, Battle of Preveza, Saseno[13] and Battle of Vonjice.[14] At the beginning of 1715 he was commander of frigate from Perast that together with ship of Venetian fleet commander Lorenzo Bragadin blocked two galleys of Ulcinj pirates from in one port in Venetian Albania. On that occasion he demonstrated his perfect knowledge of Albanian coast.[15]

Balović was the second generation of honorary guards and the keepers of the doge's standard on the Venetian flagship, which was also the position held by his father Matija.[15] For his merits Balović has received a numerous diplomas and gratitude letters from different Venetian authorities. His sailing career lasted until 1718.[7]

Literary career

While he was in Venetian quarantine in 1692 Balović transcribed Danica authored by Junije Palmotić. He amended his transcription with three poems of unknown authors, including "Blind man sings of love events" (Serbian: Slijepac pjeva zgode koje ljubav nosi) and completed it on 16 February 1692.[7]

In 1693 Balović wrote an Italian language manuscript Pratichae Schrivaneschae which contains a manual for scribes on ships.[4] Two different versions were written. The shorter version, written in 1693, is preserved in the archive of Archbishopric of Perast. This manuscript contains caligraphic inscription of different alphabets including latin, cyrillic (Serviano) and glagolitic (Slavo Illirico) and a multilingual dictionary of the most often used words in everydays life on Italian (478), Slavo-Illirico (468), Greek (241), Albanian (201) and Turkish language(83).[7] The longer version, without dictionary, was written in 1695 and is preserved in the The Institute for Scientific and Artistic Work in Split.[14]

At the end of 1714 Balović began writing Perast Chronicle, collection of epic poetry which describes historical events related to Perast in period between 1511 and 1716. Although this manuscript has been a subject of the significant scientific interest, it was never printed as a whole. It is assumed that Balović might be an author of one manuscript with transcriptions of official records and other documents, drawings of ships, short descriptions and legends related to events or ships drawn in this manuscript.[7]

Bibliography

Balović's works include:

References

  1. ↑ Anali Historijskog instituta u Dubrovniku. 1954. p. 526.
  2. ↑ Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Srbi pod tuđinskom vlašđu, 1537–1699 (2 v.). Srpska književna zadruga. 1993. p. 249.
  3. ↑ Novak, Slobodan Prosperov (1996). Stara bokeljska književnost. Matica Hrvatska. p. 139. ISBN 978-953-150-053-1. JULIJE BALOVIĆ (1672–1727) .... Rođen je u Perastu 1672. godine
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Julije Balović". http://www.das.hr/''. Državni arhiv u Splitu. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  5. ↑ Stvaranje. Stvaranja. 1974. p. 1184.
  6. ↑ Pomorski Zbornik. 1964. p. 704.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Pantić 1990, p. 98.
  8. ↑ Novak, Slobodan Prosperov (1994). Figure straha: 13 poučaka. Durieux. p. 98. Također Peraštanin, suvremenik Martinovićev, bio je i Julije Balović,
  9. ↑ Brajković, Gracija; Milošević, Miloš (1978). Proza baroka: XVII i XVIII vijek. Pobjeda. p. 523.
  10. ↑ Anali Historijskog instituta u Dubrovniku. 1954. p. 516.
  11. ↑ Milošević, Miloš (1996). Analisti, hroničari, biografi. Obod. p. 248.
  12. ↑ "JULIJE BALOVIC (1672–1727)". http://www.perast.com''. EXPEDITIO Centar za odrzivi prostorni razvoj iz Kotora. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  13. ↑ Cecić, Ivo; Igor Gostl (1955). Enciklopedija Jugoslavije. Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavod. p. 465.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Brajković, Gracija; Milošević, Miloš (1978). Proza baroka: XVII i XVIII vijek. Pobjeda. p. 523.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Pomorski Zbornik. 1964. p. 701.

Sources