Joseph L. Goldstein

For other people named Joseph Goldstein, see Joseph Goldstein (disambiguation).
Joseph L. Goldstein

Joseph L. Goldstein
Born Joseph Leonard Goldstein[1]
April 18, 1940
Kingstree, South Carolina
Fields biochemistry
Institutions University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Alma mater Washington and Lee University, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Known for cholesterol
Notable awards Heinrich Wieland Prize (1974)
Richard Lounsbery Award (1979)
Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (1984)
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1985)
William Allan Award (1985)
National Medal of Science (1988)

Joseph Leonard Goldstein (born April 18, 1940) received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1985, along with fellow University of Texas researcher, Michael Brown, for their studies regarding cholesterol.[2] They discovered that "human cells have low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors that remove cholesterol from the blood" and that when "LDL receptors are not present in sufficient numbers, individuals develop hypercholesteromeia" and become at risk for cholesterol related diseases.[3] Their studies led to the development of statin drugs.[2]

Life and career

Goldstein was born in Kingstree, South Carolina, the son of Fannie (Alpert) and Isadore E. Goldstein, who owned a clothing store. Goldstein received his BSci from Washington and Lee University in 1962, and his MD from Texas University's Southwestern Medical School in 1966.[2] Upon completion of his residency, Goldstein moved to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, where he worked in biochemical genetics.[4] In 1972, Goldstein relocated back to the Southwestern Medical Center, accepting a post as the head of the Division of Medical Genetics.[4]

At the Southwestern Medical Center Goldstein collaborated extensively with Michael Brown, a fellow researcher at the center who had also worked at the NIH.[4] From 1973 to 1985, Goldstein and Brown together published over one hundred major papers.[5] They are both listed in Thomson Reuters’ index of highly cited authors.[6] Frequently mentioned as a candidate for nationally-prominent positions in scientific administration, Goldstein, like his colleague Michael Brown, elects to continue hands-on involvement with research.[7][8]

In 1993, their postdoctoral trainees, Wang Xiaodong and Michael Briggs, purified the Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Proteins (SREBPs), a family of membrane-bound transcription factors. Since 1993, Goldstein, Brown, and their colleagues have described the unexpectedly complex machinery that proteolytically releases the SREBPs from membranes, thus allowing their migration to the nucleus where they activate all the genes involved in the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. The machinery for generating active SREBPs is tightly regulated by a negative feedback mechanism, which explains how cells maintain the necessary levels of fats and cholesterol in the face of varying environmental circumstances.[9][10][11]

Goldstein is Chair, Molecular Genetics at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Together, Goldstein and Brown lead a research team that typically includes a dozen doctoral and postdoctoral trainees. They have trained over 145 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, and five of their former postdoctoral fellows (Thomas C. Südhof, Wang Xiaodong, Helen H. Hobbs, David W. Russell, and Monty Krieger) have been elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.[12] Former postdoctoral fellow Thomas Südhof received the 2013 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology.[13]

In 1988 Goldstein received a National Medal of Science in the field of molecular genetics,[14] and in 2003 Goldstein and Brown won the Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research in recognition for their further work in understanding cholesterol and also the discovery of an insulin-sensitive regulator, which potentially could be used to develop treatments for diabetes mellitus.[15] Goldstein is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences[16] and the Institute of Medicine[17] and he is a foreign member of the Royal Society.[18]

Goldstein was appointed as Chairman of the Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards jury in 1995,[19] and was a recipient of the award ten years earlier.[20] Since 2000, Goldstein has authored a series of essays on the deep relationship between art and science that appear in the annual Nature Medicine supplement that accompanies the Lasker Awards.[21]

Among his professional activities, Goldstein is a member of the Board of Trustees of The Howard Hughes Medical Institute[22] and of The Rockefeller University.[23] He also serves as Chairman of the Board of Scientific Counselors of the Broad Institute.[24] He previously served on The Board of Scientific Governors of the Scripps Research Institute, a nonprofit institute focusing on biomedical research.[25]

Awards

Joseph L. Goldstein shares the following awards with Michael Brown.

Research Papers

Essays on "The Art of Science"

Since 2000, Goldstein has authored a series of essays considering science as a creative pursuit, and explores the links between the art and science. The essays appear in the journal Nature Medicine, and coincide with the annual announcement of the Lasker Awards, with which Goldstein is affiliated in the capacity of jury chairman.

References

  1. ↑ Joseph L. Goldstein – Biographical. Nobelprize.org (1940-04-18). Retrieved on 2013-10-08.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Badge, Peter (2007) "Joseph Goldstein". Nobel Faces. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9783527406784. p 300.
  3. ↑ Encyclopedia of Global Health, Volume 1 by Luca Prono, edited by Yawei Zhang
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Raju, T. N. (2000). "The Nobel Chronicles". The Lancet 355 (9201): 416. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74047-2.
  5. ↑ The Cholesterol Wars: The Skeptics Vs. the Preponderance of Evidence By Daniel Steinberg
  6. ↑ http://highlycited.com/
  7. ↑ Culliton BJ. (1989 Sep 29). "Baltimore to succeed Lederberg?.". Science (journal). Retrieved December 6, 2012. "Nobel laureate Joshua Lederberg (1958) is set to retire as president of Rockefeller University in January... Things might not have grown so tense had the man who apparently was at the top of the list said "Yes." But Nobel laureate Joseph Goldstein (1985), who is still very active in the lab at the University of Texas at Dallas, was not ready to give up his work on the molecular genetics of blood lipids."
  8. ↑ Journal of Clinical Investigation Interview Film Annex
  9. ↑ Wang X, Sato R, Brown MS, Hua X, Goldstein JL. (April 8, 1994). "SREBP-1, a membrane-bound transcription factor released by sterol-regulated proteolysis.". Cell. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  10. ↑ Wang X, Briggs MR, Hua X, Yokoyama C, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. (June 5, 1993). "Nuclear protein that binds sterol regulatory element of low density lipoprotein receptor promoter. II. Purification and characterization.". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  11. ↑ Espenshade, Peter J. (2006). "SREBPs: sterolregulated transcription factors.". Journal of Cell Science. Retrieved December 6, 2012.
  12. ↑ "Department of Molecular Genetics Overview.". Retrieved December 6, 2012.
  13. ↑ "Nobel Prize: Thomas C. Südhof - Facts.". Retrieved November 26, 2013.
  14. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica Almanac 2008 p. 114
  15. ↑ UT Southwestern researchers receive top medicine prize Dallas Business Journal, Date: Wednesday, April 30, 2003
  16. ↑ Member Directory: Joseph L. Goldstein. National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved on 2014-10-16.
  17. ↑ Directory: IOM Member - Joseph L. Goldstein, M.D.. Institute of Medicine. Retrieved on 2014-10-16.
  18. ↑ Royal Society Foreign Members. Royal Society. Retrieved on 2014-10-16.
  19. ↑ Goodman, Billy (October 16, 1995). "Lasker Laureates Make Up Impressive Biomedical Roster". The Scientist. Retrieved October 24, 2012.
  20. ↑ "1985 Winners: Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award", Lasker Foundation. Retrieved October 25, 2012.
  21. ↑ ''Nature Medicine'' essays: The Art of Science. Laskerfoundation.org (2007-09-16). Retrieved on 2013-10-08.
  22. ↑ Howard Hughes Medical Institute Trustees
  23. ↑ The Rockefeller University Board of Trustees and Corporate Officers. Rockefeller.edu. Retrieved on 2013-10-08.
  24. ↑ Board of Scientific Counselors. Broad Institute. Retrieved on 2014-10-16.
  25. ↑ The Scripps Research Institute Board of Governors. Scripps.edu (2013-10-04). Retrieved on 2013-10-08.
  26. ↑ Earl and Thressa Stadtman Distinguished Scientist Award The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
  27. ↑ University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Leaders to Receive Research!America Advocacy Award Research America, Date: March 21, 2007
  28. ↑ Recipients of the Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service Wilson Center
  29. ↑ Herbert Tabor Research Award The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
  30. ↑ The Albany Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research 2003 Recipients Albany Medical College
  31. ↑ Presentation of the Kober Medal to Joseph L. Goldstein and Michael S. Brown The Journal of Clinical Investigation
  32. ↑ Warren Alpert Foundation Award Recipients Warren Alpert Foundation
  33. ↑ The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details National Science Foundation
  34. ↑ The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1985 The Official Website of the Nobel Prize
  35. ↑ Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award 1985 Lasker Foundation
  36. ↑ William Allan Award Past Recipients The American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG)
  37. ↑ The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for Biology or Biochemistry Columbia University Medical Center
  38. ↑ Recipient of the Canada Gairdner International Award, 1981 Gairdner Foundation
  39. ↑ Richard Lounsbery Award National Academy of Sciences
  40. ↑ The Passano Awards 1945–2011 The Passano Foundation
  41. ↑ The Pfizer Award ACS Division of Biological Chemistry

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