John I, Duke of Brabant
| John I | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duke of Brabant and Lothier | |
| Reign | 1267–1294 |
| Predecessor | Henry |
| Successor | John II |
| Duke of Limburg | |
| Reign | 1288–1294 |
| Predecessor | Reginald I of Guelders |
| Successor | John II |
| Spouse |
Margaret of France Margaret of Flanders |
| Issue |
John II, Duke of Brabant Margaret, Holy Roman Empress Marie, Countess of Savoy |
| House | House of Reginar |
| Father | Henry III, Duke of Brabant |
| Mother | Adelaide of Burgundy |
| Born | 1252 |
| Died | 3 May 1294 |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
John I of Brabant, also called John the Victorious (1252/1253 – 3 May 1294) was Duke of Brabant (1267–1294), Lothier and Limburg (1288–1294).
Life
Born at Leuven, he was the son of Henry III, Duke of Brabant and Aleidis of Burgundy, daughter of Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy. He was also an older brother of Maria of Brabant, Queen consort of Philip III of France. In 1267 his older brother Henry IV, Duke of Brabant, being mentally deficient, was deposed in his favour.
His greatest military victory was the Battle of Worringen 1288, by which John I came to reign over the Duchy of Limburg. He was completely outnumbered in forces but led the successful invasion into the Rhineland to defeat the confederacy. In 1288 Limburg was formally attached to Brabant.[1]
John I was said to be a model of feudal prince: brave, adventurous; excelling in every form of active exercise, fond of display, and generous in temper. He was considered one of the most gifted princes of his time.[1] This made him very popular in Middle Ages poetry and literature. Even today there exists an ode to him, so well known that it was a potential candidate to be the North Brabant anthem. John I delighted in tournaments and was always eager to take part in jousts. He was also famous for his many illegitimate children.[1]
On 3 May 1294 at some marriage festivities at Bar-le-Duc (now France), John I was mortally wounded in the arm in an encounter. He was buried in the church of the Minderbroeders in Brussels, but since the Protestant iconoclasm (Beeldenstorm) in 1566, nothing remains of his tomb.
Family and children
He was married twice. On 5 September 1270, he wed Margaret of France, daughter of Louis IX of France and Margaret of Provence.[2] She took the title of Duchess of Brabant. He had a son, but both wife and child died shortly after the boy's birth.
In 1273, He married Margaret of Flanders (d. 3 July 1285), daughter of Guy, Count of Flanders[3] and had the following children:[1]
- Godfrey (1273/74 – aft. 13 September 1283).
- John II of Brabant (1275–1312).
- Margaret (4 October 1276–14 December 1311, Genoa), married 9 June 1292 to Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor.
- Marie (d. after 2 December 1338), married to Count Amadeus V of Savoy.
John I had several illegitimate children:
- Gillis van der Balcht
- Jean Meuwe, Seigneur of Wavre and Dongelberg.[4]
- Margareta of Tervuren, she was married on 2 March 1292 to Jean de Rode de Lantwyck
- Jan Pylyser (1272 - 1342)
- Jan van der Plasch
Ancestry
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Legacy
The duke is remembered in a folkish song that remains popular. His name and image also survive in the lager beer of the Haacht brewery, named Primus.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "John I of Brabant", Encyclopædia Britannica, p. 445, Retrieved 6 October 2009.
- ↑ Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, 2nd edition, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Genealogical Publishing Company, 2004), 121.
- ↑ J.F. Verbruggen, The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302), ed. Kelly DeVries, transl. David Richard Ferguson, (Boydell Press, 2002), 8.
- ↑ "Messager des sciences historiques...", p. 194, Retrieved 6 October 2009.
See also
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to John I, Duke of Brabant. |
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Henry IV |
Duke of Brabant and Lothier 1267–1294 |
Succeeded by John II |
| Preceded by Reginald I of Guelders |
Duke of Limburg 1288–1294 | |