John H. Addams

"John Addams" redirects here. For people with the similar name "John Adams", see John Adams (disambiguation).
Member of the Illinois Senate
from the district
In office
1854–1870
Personal details
Born July 12, 1822
Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania
Died August 17, 1881
Green Bay, Wisconsin
Resting place Cedarville Cemetery, Cedarville, Illinois
Nationality United States
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Sarah Weber
Anna H. Haldeman
Children Jane Addams, eight other children (one stillborn)
Residence John H. Addams Homestead, Cedarville, Illinois
Occupation Mill owner
Profession Businessman

John Huy Addams (July 12, 1822 – August 17, 1881) was a politician and businessman from the U.S. state of Illinois. Addams was born in Pennsylvania in 1822, where he married Sarah Weber. In 1844 the couple moved to Cedarville, Illinois, and he purchased the Cedar Creek Mill. Addams quickly became a successful businessman working as a director for two railroad companies and a bank president. He constructed a prominent Federal style home in 1854 which still stands today. In 1860 he and his wife Sarah had the eighth of their nine children, social activist Jane Addams.

Addams became active in state politics and eventually served as an eight-term Illinois State Senator from 1854 to 1870. In 1863 his wife, Sarah, died and he was remarried in 1867 to Anna H. Haldeman, herself a widow. He was a key influence on his famous daughter and part of the reason she focused so much attention on social causes. John H. Addams died in Green Bay, Wisconsin while on a family vacation in 1881.

Early life

Social activist Jane Addams was born in the house at John Addams' Homestead in 1860.

John Huy Addams was born in Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania in on July 12, 1822.[1] He married Sarah Weber, five years his elder, while still living in Kreidersville, Pennsylvania.[1] Both families, Addams and Weber, were from old Pennsylvanian lineage; Addams' ancestors had been granted by land by William Penn in the 17th century.[2] In 1844 Addams, then 22, and his new bride arrived in Cedarville, Illinois, near the Illinois-Wisconsin state border in Stephenson County.[1][2][3] Addams established himself quickly as a successful mill operator when he purchased the Cedar Creek Mill in 1844.[2][3] When the couple first arrived in Stephenson County they lived in a small two-room home with a loft. In 1854 Addams completed construction on an addition which made the Addams' home a much larger, prominent Federal style house.[2][3] Though the couple had nine children, only four survived to adulthood; their eighth child was Nobel Peace Prize recipient Jane Addams.[4] Jane Addams was born at the Addams House in Cedarville on September 6, 1860.[3]

In January 1863 Sarah Addams, then pregnant with her ninth child, went to assist in the delivery of a baby for the wagon-maker's wife.[1] During the birth, she collapsed and was carried home. Sarah's own baby was delivered prematurely and as a result, stillborn.[1] Sarah Addams died a week later, Jane Addams was just 2 years 4 months old at the time of her mother's death.[1] Jane Addams was cared for mostly by her older sisters after 1863.[4]

Business career

A 1910 depiction of Addams' successful Cedar Creek Mill.

Addams' milling business became one of the largest operations in northern Illinois, comprising a saw mill, linseed mill, and grist mill along Cedar Creek on the Addams' property.[3] The mill also represented the start of Addams' successful business career. From 1864 until 1881 he was the president of the Second National Bank in Freeport, Illinois. Addams also served in directorships with the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad and the Illinois Central Railroad, he was also a founder of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company in 1867.[3] Addams achieved a level of local fame due to his many successful business ventures and was regarded as Stephenson County's most successful entrepreneur.[5]

Political career and the Civil War

Addams served for sixteen years in the Illinois Senate, where he acquired a reputation for integrity; as one historian phrased it, "he became famous as a man who not only had never taken a bribe, but had never been offered one.[6] He participated in the founding of the Republican Party and was a friend of Abraham Lincoln's.[6]

During the Civil War, Addams helped to raise and equip a regiment that became known as "the Addams Guard."[6]

Influence on Jane Addams

Jane Addams stated that her father, John, was a primary influence in her life.[4] In her 1910 autobiography she described various ways in which she attempted to imitate her father, as well as establishing him as her primary influencer. She stated that her father was her reason for civic involvement and interest in the "moral concerns of life."[7] It was Addams' deep civic involvement that had such a profound influence on his daughter, Jane.[5] John Addams was active in the Cedarville School Board and a trustee of the Rockford Young Ladies' Seminary, later known as Rockford College, where Jane would earn her undergraduate degree.[5] Besides his role in founding the state's Republican Party he was also one of the key individuals who helped bring the second Lincoln-Douglas Debate to Freeport.[5]

Late life and death

In 1867, four years after Sarah Addams' death, John H. Addams was remarried to Anna H. Haldeman. Haldeman was herself a widow who brought two additional children of her own into the family. One of her sons, George, would also have a strong influence on Jane Addams.[4]

In early August 1881 Addams decided to take his family on a vacation in northwestern Michigan, where he planned to inspect some of the iron and copper ore mines as potential investments; they left on August 4.[8] A week later John Addams became ill while climbing in an ore mine and the family decided to return home by train. They made it to Green Bay, Wisconsin before Addams was too sick to travel any further and the family booked a hotel room.[8] John H. Addams died suddenly of acute appendicitis on August 17, 1881 in the hotel in Green Bay at the age of 59.[4][8] His death came as a shock to his daughter Jane, and she spent eight years in a state of depression after his death.[4]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Linn, James Weber. Jane Addams: A Biography, (Google Books), University of Illinois Press: 2000, p. 4, (ISBN 0252069048). Retrieved 20 August 2007.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Berson, Robin Kadisson. Jane Addams: A Biography, (Google Books), Greenwood Press: 2004, pp. 1-2, (ISBN 0313323542). Retrieved 20 August 2007.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "John H. Addams Homestead," (PDF), National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form, HAARGIS Database, Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, pp. 1-8. Retrieved 20 August 2007.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Fox, Richard Wrightman and Kloppenberg, James T. A Companion to American Thought, (Google Books), Blackwell Publishing: 1995, p. 14, (ISBN 0631206566). Retrieved 20 August 2007.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Jane Addams and the Dream of American Democracy: A Life, (Google Books), Basic Books: 2002, pp. 2-3, (ISBN 0465019129). Retrieved 20 August 2007.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Menand, Louis (2001), The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, pp. 306–307, ISBN 0-374-52849-7.
  7. ↑ Addams, Jane. Twenty Years at Hull-House: With Autobiographical Notes, (Google Books), The Macmillan Co: 1910, pp. 1-22. Retrieved 20 August 2007.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Knight, Louise W. Citizen: Jane Addams and the Struggle for Democracy, (Google Books), University of Chicago Press: 2005, p. 114, (ISBN 0226446999). Retrieved 20 August 2007.