Jeremiah Dummer (silversmith)

Jeremiah Dummer (14 September 1643 – 24 May 1718)[1] was the first American-born silversmith,[2][3] whose works are today highly valued.

Life

Dummer was born in Newbury, Massachusetts, the first son of Richard Dummer and his second wife, Frances Burr.[4]

At the age of 14, he was apprenticed to John Hull, the mintmaster at Boston.[4] Hull recorded at the time that he "received into my house Jeremie Dummer ... to serve me as Apprentice eight years".[5] When he was 23 he started on his own and became a prolific and notable silversmith making tankards, beakers, porringers, caudle cups and candlesticks. The fluted band on a plain surface is characteristic of his work.[4][6] He is said to have introduced the ornamentation known as "gadrooning", curved flutings on the surface of silver.[7]

He held many public offices, and was a Member and Captain of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Society in 1671 and Constable of Boston in 1675–76.[4] He was appointed Freeman of Boston in 1680, a member of Capt Hutchinson's Company in 1684, a member of the Council of Safety against Andres in 1689, a Selectman of Boston 1691–92, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Suffolk County 1702–15, Treasurer of Suffolk County 1711–16, and was a member in full communion at the venerable First Church.[4]

He was also an engraver, and engraved plates for currency: in 1710 he printed the first paper money in Connecticut.[4] When the government of Connecticut decided in 1709 to issue paper currency, or Bills of Exchange, Dummer was selected to do the engraving of the plates and the printing of the bills. Journals of the Council for 1710 show transactions with Dummer relating to this currency, and in 1712 Governor Saltonstall laid before the Council Board Dummer's bill for printing 6,550 sheets of this paper currency. Dummer's former apprentice, John Coney, had the distinction of engraving the plates for the first paper money issued by Massachusetts some years previously, the first issued on the American continent,[8] although some sources also credit Dummer with the engraving of the Massachusetts copper plates.[9]

Dummer was also one America's foremost early portrait painters. Among his paintings are a self-portrait and portrait of his wife, Anna,[10] together with portraits of many of his contemporaries.[11]

He died on 24 May 1718 in Boston.[1] His obituary printed in the Boston News Letter on 2 June 1718 said:

Departed this life Jeremiah Dummer, Esqr., in the 73rd year of his Age, after a long retirement ... having served his country faithfully in several Publick Stations, and obtained of all that knew him the Character of a Just, Virtuous, and Pious Man;[1]

Apprentices

His apprentices included:[1]

Works

He was a prolific craftsman and over one hundred pieces listed as made by him have been preserved.[6] Dummer's silverwork mark is "ID enclosed over a fleur-de-lis in a heart or occasionally ID in a rectangle".[7]

Among his works in public museum collections:

Boston Museum of Fine Arts[13]
Yale University Art Gallery[18]
Seattle Art Museum
Art Institute of Chicago
Historic Deerfield
Winterthur Library
Bayou Bend Collection

Works at auction

From time to time, Dummer's work comes up for auction.

In January 2005, several pieces of silver from the First Church of Christ, Farmington, Connecticut came up for auction at Sotheby's, New York.[5] Top prices were achieved by a silver two-handled cup c. 1690 ($144,000),[28] a silver two-handled cup c. 1675 ($168,000)[29] and a silver two-handled cup, by John Hull and Robert Sanderson, overstruck by Jeremiah Dummer, c. 1670 which fetched the top price of $204,000.[30]

In January 2007, a beaker from 1670 was auctioned at the New York auction house Christie's, with an estimate of $150,000 to $250,000.[31] The cup, which was given to The First Church in Salem in 1684 by Francis Skerry, who ran a local malt house, realised $204,000, and was bought by an "anonymous collector".[32][33]

Family

In 1672, he was married in Boston to Anna Atwater,[1] daughter of Joseph Atwater of Boston.[4] They had eight children:

His half-brother, Shubael (1636–1692), founded the first Congregational church at York, Maine in 1672 and was killed by Abenakis in the Candlemas Massacre of 1692.[35]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 Voss, Wm Erik (2010). "Jeremiah Dummer". American Silversmiths. ancestry.com. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  2. "Newbury – A Brief History". Newbury, Mass. Genealogy Project. 28 March 2008. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  3. "Who was America's first silversmith?". Frequently Asked Questions. Jeffrey Herman Silversmith. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Dummer, Michael (June 2005). "5: Richard and Early Days in New England". The Family of Dummer (7th ed.). pp. 26–27.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Ward, John (21 January 2005). "Colonial Treasures". New York: Sotheby's. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  6. 6.0 6.1 "Encyclopedia Of Antiques". Antiques Digest. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  7. 7.0 7.1 "Dummer, Jeremiah, 1645–1718, early American silversmith and engraver". The Free Dictionary. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  8. Curtis, George Munson (Originally published in 1913). "Early silver of Connecticut and its makers". Internet Archive. p. 28. Retrieved 7 December 2010. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. Doty, R. G. (April 2006). "When Money Was Different". www.common-place.org. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  10. Coburn, Frederick W. (24 July 1921). "Newly Discovered Painter of the Puritans" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  11. "American Silversmiths". Antiques Digest. (Originally Published 1940). Retrieved 7 December 2010. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. "Coney, John". The Antiques Bible. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  13. "Dummer". Boston: Museum of Fine Arts. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  14. "Caudle Cup about 1680". Boston: Museum of Fine Arts. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  15. "Standing Salt 1690–1700". Boston: Museum of Fine Arts. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  16. "The Dummer Bowl". First Parish, Cambridge. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  17. "Beaker about 1700". Boston: Museum of Fine Arts. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  18. "eCatalogue". Yale University Art Gallery. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  19. "Object Detail – Candlesticks". eCatalogue. Yale University Art Gallery. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  20. "Artistic Highlights" (PDF). Gallery Guide. Seattle Art Museum. p. 7. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  21. "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness: American Art from the Yale University Art Gallery". wadeonbirmingham.com. 1 October 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  22. Kathryn C. Buhler and Graham Hood, American Silver: Garvan and Other Collections in the Yale University Art Gallery. Vol 1 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970), 23.
  23. Kathryn C. Buhler and Graham Hood, American Silver: Garvan and Other Collections in the Yale University Art Gallery. Vol 1 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970), 19.
  24. Kathryn C. Buhler and Graham Hood, American Silver: Garvan and Other Collections in the Yale University Art Gallery. Vol 1 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970), 21.
  25. "Seattle Art Museum Celebrates its Upcoming 75th Anniversary". Seattle Art Museum. 30 March 2007. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  26. "About this artwork". The Art Institute of Chicago. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  27. "A Chalice and a Cup Used in Churches". The Two Collectors and Their Collections. Bayou Bend Collection. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  28. "Auction Results". New York: Sotheby's. 21 January 2005. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  29. "Auction Results". New York: Sotheby's. 21 January 2005. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  30. "Auction Results". New York: Sotheby's. 21 January 2005. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  31. Dalton, Tom (21 December 2006). "Rare Newbury silver tops major New York auction". Newburyport News. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  32. Dalton, Tom (19 January 2007). "Bidders take a shine to silver beaker". Newburyport News. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  33. Beach, Laura (6 February 2007). "Early American Silver Reaps A Windfall At Christie’s". Antiques & the Arts Online.
  34. "Mrs. Anna Dummer Powell". The AMICA Library. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  35. Dummer, Michael (June 2005). "5: Richard and Early Days in New England". The Family of Dummer (7th ed.). p. 26.

External links