Jeopardy! broadcast information

Jeopardy! is an American television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with trivia clues in the form of answers and must phrase their responses in the form of a question. The show has experienced a long life in several incarnations over the course of nearly a half-century, spending more than 11 years as a daytime network program and having currently run in syndication for 30 seasons. It has also gained a worldwide following with a multitude of international adaptations.

Art Fleming era

Original series (1964–75)

The original Jeopardy! series, hosted by Art Fleming, premiered at 11:30 am Eastern (10:30 Central) on March 30, 1964, originating from the NBC headquarters in New York City's Rockefeller Center. NBC moved the program to 12:00 noon Eastern (11:00 am Central) after 18 months, making it accessible to businessmen coming home for their lunch break or else watching it on restaurant or bar sets, and college students departing their classes for the day. These two constituencies, who ordinarily did not have the time or interest to view other daytime programs, made the show a runaway hit, propelling its ratings to second place among all daytime game shows by the end of the decade—second only to its immediate lead-in, The Hollywood Squares.[1] The show had practically no trouble whatsoever against soap operas such as Love of Life on CBS and mostly sitcom reruns on ABC.

In 1973, Lin Bolen, then Vice President of Daytime Programming at NBC, began eliminating longer-running game shows from the network in an aggressive attempt to bolster ratings among women aged 18–34. Refreshing the daytime lineup became especially imperative to Bolen when CBS launched a surprise success in the soap opera The Young and the Restless at Noon/11, drawing away younger audiences in particular. Although Jeopardy! continued to produce high ratings in the 12:00 noon time slot (also against the ABC revival of Password), Bolen moved the game to 10:30 am Eastern (9:30 Central) on January 7, 1974, putting it up against CBS' The $10,000 Pyramid,[1][2] and placed Jackpot!, a stylish, youth-oriented riddle contest hosted by Geoff Edwards, in Jeopardy!‍‍ '​‍s former time slot. Bolen and other NBC executives were surprised, though, when Jeopardy actually beat Pyramid for several weeks in February and March, prompting CBS to cancel Pyramid for failing to draw, according to producer Bob Stewart (who also produced Jackpot!), a 30 share that CBS daytime executives required a show to have in order to stay on its daytime schedule (Pyramid would return several weeks later on ABC in an afternoon slot and would go on to become one of the most popular games of the 1970s and 1980s.) CBS relocated Gambit to 10:30 am on April 1, which ran about even with Jeopardy! in the ratings, with Gambit having perhaps a slight lead, due to its more traditional housewife target audience.

However, Bolen was not interested in seeing an aging show like Jeopardy! stand in the way of her plans for a more youthful image for NBC's daytime lineup. So, on July 1 of the same year, NBC moved Jeopardy!‍‍ '​‍s time slot again, this time to 1:30 pm Eastern (12:30 Central) (replacing Three on a Match, yet another Bob Stewart-produced game) and placed it against ABC's Let's Make a Deal and CBS' As the World Turns, both of which had easily beaten the ratings of several programs placed in that same time slot by NBC since December 1968. At that time, Deal moved to ABC from NBC, which had carried it in that very time slot during much of the 1960s, in a dispute by packagers Stefan Hatos and Monty Hall over the latter network's refusal to make a weekly prime-time version of the show permanent.

With the July move, many of the previously devoted viewers began abandoning the program. Jeopardy! became the seventh show since 1968 to fail at 1:30/12:30, and a cancellation notice was issued by November 1974. Its replacement was the expansion of Another World to a full hour, the first daytime serial to expand to that duration; in April 1975, another serial, Days of Our Lives would begin occupying that time slot and eventually brought success to NBC there. Jeopardy! broadcast the 2,753rd and final episode of its original network run on January 3, 1975.[3] Some affiliates, including KNBC in Los Angeles, aired reruns in various other time slots through the first quarter of that year. To compensate Griffin for canceling the program, which still had a year left on its contract, NBC purchased Wheel of Fortune, another creation of his, which premiered on January 6, 1975 at 10:30 am Eastern (9:30 Central).

Weekly syndicated version (1974–75)

Griffin secured the rights from NBC to produce new episodes for first-run syndication, with Metromedia (who also syndicated Griffin's popular talk show) as their distributor. Griffin took this action mainly to keep the show in production in light of the show's deteriorating ratings on NBC daytime that would eventually led to cancellation; NBC had repeatedly refused Griffin's requests to do so in the past. These episodes began airing weekly in September 1974 and featured many contestants who were previous champions on the NBC version. Thirty-nine episodes were produced, with reruns of this version also airing in syndication through about summer 1975. Most stations aired this during the Prime Time Access slots in the early evening before network prime-time programming began, usually in a "checkerboard" pattern with other weekly shows, meaning a different syndicated show aired each night, like the networks in prime time. By 1974, though, the market was flooded with evening versions of network games like the Hollywood Squares and The Price is Right, and Jeopardy!, already on a popularity downswing for some time, did not get anywhere near nationwide clearance, thus dooming it to failure after one season.

Unique to this version was a bonus awarded at the end of the program, after Final Jeopardy! was completed. The episode's champion selected a prize hidden behind the thirty squares on the Jeopardy! board. Among the prizes was a $25,000 cash award which was hidden behind two squares. In order to win the top prize, the champion had to find both $25,000 cards in succession (winning, of course, the prize on the second pick, if it was not the latter half of the grand prize). In later episodes, the bonus board was dropped and the evening's champion received a prize based upon his or her final score, with a Chevrolet Vega or Chevrolet Caprice (or even additional cash prizes of $10,000 or $25,000) as possibilities.

The set also featured a string of flashing lights around the show logo behind the contestant area, and Fleming wore a tuxedo with a check-patterned jacket, instead of his usual business suit and necktie. When production ended, the program's history in New York City came to an end as well.

The All-New Jeopardy! (1978–79)

After two pilot episodes were shot (the first one for CBS in 1977), NBC debuted a revival, The All-New Jeopardy!, on October 2, 1978, placing it on its schedule at 10:30 am Eastern (9:30 Central), where it took the place of the soap opera For Richer, For Poorer. From its debut until January 5, 1979, Jeopardy! aired against the first half-hour of the hit show The Price Is Right, which aired on CBS. NBC moved the program to noon on January 8, which put it up against another popular game show, The $20,000 Pyramid, on ABC and the soap opera The Young and the Restless on CBS. Jeopardy!‍‍ '​‍s audience, which was already small at 10:30, dwindled even further with the move to noon and on March 2, 1979, the show left the air for a second time in favor of expanding the #1 soap opera in daytime at the time, Another World, by thirty minutes to ninety.

Originating from the NBC Studios in Burbank, California,[4] this version featured some unique gameplay elements of its own. In the most notable of these elements, the lowest scoring player would be eliminated from further play after the Jeopardy! round.[5] The remaining two players played the Double Jeopardy! round until either its completion or time was called (usually the latter), and the player with the most money was declared the winner.[5]

Instead of playing the original format's final round, known as Final Jeopardy!, the day's champion played a bonus game called "Super Jeopardy!" to try to win an additional cash prize. The round consisted of five categories (instead of six in the main game), each with five clues of no determined value. The object of the round was to answer five questions to create a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal line on the board.[5] Players had to create the line before accumulating three strikes, which were given if a player either failed to respond (passing was not allowed without penalty) or gave an incorrect answer.[5] If the contestant struck out $100 was awarded for each correct answer given, but if the contestant was successful he/she would win $5,000.[5] For each successive time a champion played the Super Jeopardy! round, regardless of whether or not the player had won the round the day before, he/she would play for $2,500 more than he/she had the previous time— thus, a second trip would be played for $7,500, a third $10,000, a fourth $12,500, and a fifth and final trip $15,000. A player could earn $50,000 from Super Jeopardy! alone, provided that said player won each Super Jeopardy! round over a five-day reign as champion.[6]

Daily syndication era (1984–present)

Following the success of the nighttime syndicated version of Wheel which had premiered in 1983,[7] Griffin sold a new syndicated version of Jeopardy!, hosted by Canadian-born TV personality Alex Trebek, to its same distributor, King World Productions (which would much later be folded into CBS Television Distribution). The Trebek version officially premiered on September 10, 1984,[8] and introduced updated technology to the program, replacing the former manually operated game board featuring clues printed on pull cards with television monitors to display clues. The main difference from the 1964-75 versions was that only the winning contestant kept his or her earnings, while the runners-up were awarded higher-end consolation prizes instead (changed in later years to $2,000 for second place and $1,000 for third).

Early struggles

Initially, Jeopardy! was relegated by managers of some television stations to unpopular morning, afternoon, or late night slots, and it was not unusual for both Jeopardy! and Wheel to air either non-consecutively, on different stations, or even against one another. However, the new version built upon early ratings success in Cleveland and Detroit, where it had been slotted in the same 7:00–8:00 pm period (the Prime Time access hour) in which Wheel also appeared, and soon developed a strong following among viewers.[9] Coinciding with the peak of popularity for Trivial Pursuit and the installation of electronic trivia games (e.g. NTN Buzztime) in pubs and bars,[10] Jeopardy! was slowly beginning to become a major success despite some markets still airing the program in unfavorable time slots. One such market was New York City, where NBC's East Coast flagship, WNBC picked up Jeopardy! and placed it at 1:30 AM following Late Night with David Letterman.

Although the series was indeed proving to be a hit, its late time slot in the country's largest media market began to concern its distributor. Even though Letterman's show and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, the two programs preceding Jeopardy!, were strong ratings winners and helped the show find an audience, a late night time slot is not usually considered beneficial for a first run series. At WNBC, every possible daytime or early evening slot that might have been available for Jeopardy! was spoken for by either network or other first-run syndicated programming. At mid-season, seeing no opportunity for an earlier airing at WNBC, King World pulled Jeopardy! from the station.

Jeopardy! moved to WABC at 4:00 pm, on December 31, 1984, following ABC's cancellation of The Edge of Night and the return of the time slot to the affiliates. It was followed by Name That Tune, which the station had been airing in the morning. Jeopardy! was intended to serve as the anchor, to help the struggling Name That Tune gain a bigger audience, and to improve the station's overall ratings in the hour leading to Eyewitness News at 5:00 pm. It did not work as WABC had planned, however. Over the next year and a half, WABC aired Name That Tune, Divorce Court and the syndicated Sale of The Century at 4:30, none of which succeeded in the ratings. This left Jeopardy! as the only show drawing ratings for WABC in late afternoon. WABC, however, was growing impatient and a change was in the works that would affect the station's schedule for the next three decades.

Prime Time Access shakeup

As the 1986-87 season began, Jeopardy! continued to air at 4:00 PM with WABC picking up a syndicated edition of the CBS daytime game show Card Sharks to air at 4:30 PM. That season also saw The Oprah Winfrey Show debut in national syndication after two years as a local talk show based out of WLS-TV in Chicago, and WABC began airing it at 10:00 AM following their own locally-produced variety talk program, The Morning Show. Oprah became an overnight success and quickly surpassed Donahue as the most popular daytime talk show in the United States. Meanwhile, the struggles at 4:30 PM continued as Card Sharks joined its predecessors as series unable to piggyback off of the ratings of the popular Jeopardy! ahead of it.

Before 1986 ended, WABC planned to move Oprah to the 4:00 PM slot Jeopardy! and Card Sharks occupied, where it would remain until the show ended its run in 2011. This move would result in both game shows being forced to air at another time. While WABC simply jettisoned the low rated Card Sharks to late night following Nightline, Jeopardy!'s continually increasing popularity required the station to find a more viable timeslot to air the show in. At the time, WABC did not have anyplace to move the show except to the 10:00 AM slot Oprah had just vacated. However, WABC decided to go even further and made a decision that would shake up many stations' early evening schedules in the years to come.

At the time, as the station itself (and competitors WNBC and WCBS) had done for years, WABC aired an hour-long edition of Eyewitness News at 6:00 PM, with the national World News Tonight broadcast following at 7:00 PM. WABC's remaining Prime Time Access slot, at 7:30 PM, was filled by a John Davidson-hosted revival of Hollywood Squares, which premiered that fall (along with Oprah and Card Sharks), and was doing fairly well in competition against the popular nighttime syndicated edition of Wheel of Fortune on WCBS. WABC, seeing the performance of Squares, thought they could draw the same or better ratings with Jeopardy! as a lead-in to Hollywood Squares. There was also no rule that required WABC to air World News Tonight at 7:00 PM, and thus the decision had been made.

On December 15, 1986, the same day that Oprah moved to 4:00 PM, WABC reduced the 6:00 PM broadcast of Eyewitness News by 30 minutes and moved World News Tonight to 6:30 PM, with Jeopardy! airing at 7:00 PM and Squares following it at 7:30 PM. To alert viewers to the timeslot changes, WABC launched an advertising campaign entitled "Prime Time Begins At 7 On 7".[11] In addition, WABC would fill Oprah's vacated 10:00 AM slot after The Morning Show (which itself entered national syndication in 1988 as Live with Regis and Kathie Lee) with a second run of the previous evening's broadcast of Jeopardy!, followed by a revival of the 1970s game show, Split Second at 10:30 AM; the latter program would be canceled by the end of 1986-87 season. WABC would permanently fill the 10:00 AM timeslot in September 1987 by gaining the New York rights to Sally Jessy Raphael's eponymous talk show, and the transformation of WABC's daytime lineup was complete.

The move produced a ratings win in both the 6:30 and 7:00 PM timeslots, as World News Tonight also benefited from the timeslot switch. Eventually WCBS and WNBC capitulated, as their networks' respective national newscasts eventually moved to 6:30 PM as well.[12] After moving the CBS Evening News to 6:30 PM by the fall of 1988, WCBS picked up the game show Win, Lose or Draw to air at 7:00 PM as a lead in for Wheel, while WNBC (which also moved NBC Nightly News to 6:30 PM as well) eventually began airing newsmagazines in the hour preceding prime time such as Inside Edition.[13]

As for WABC, which has continued to air Jeopardy! at 7:00 PM ever since, initially the same lead-out issues continued to plague the station, as Hollywood Squares saw its ratings decline, would eventually be dropped from the timeslot later in the 1987-88 season (in favor of a return of Entertainment Tonight to WABC), and moved to WPIX where it remained until the end of its run in 1989. In 1990, WABC would acquire Wheel to air following Jeopardy! at 7:30 PM, where it has remained ever since, as WCBS was looking to air different programming (such as the newsmagazine Hard Copy, which it picked up in 1989) in its access hour. ET would eventually move to WCBS, and now airs in Wheel‍ '​s old 7:30 PM slot. WABC's successful access hour move eventually resulted in many Eastern and Pacific Time Zone network affiliates across the United States moving their network newscasts to 6:30 PM. In the Central and Mountain Time Zones though, while affiliates in these time zones generally program Wheel at 6:30 PM, Jeopardy! largely continues to air during late afternoon (and in some cases, morning) timeslots, as many of their affiliates in these time zones continue to air local newscasts in the access hour following their networks' respective national newscasts.

Jeopardy! and Wheel have since become staples on seven of ABC's eight owned-and-operated stations (WABC, KABC/Los Angeles, WLS, WPVI/Philadelphia, KGO/San Francisco, WTVD/Raleigh-Durham and KFSN/Fresno). The only exception is KTRK in Houston, which has never carried both game shows (in part due to an hour-long newscast in the Prime Time Access hour where Wheel would normally broadcast); both game shows have aired since the 1980s on Gannett-owned CBS affiliate KHOU.

Ratings and critical reception

Since its debut, the syndicated version of Jeopardy! has gone on to win fourteen Daytime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Game/Audience Participation Show, achieving this honor most recently in 2014, and today it holds the record as the most honored program in this Emmy award category.[14]

The show was the subject of great interest and increased ratings (often out-performing Wheel and even prime-time programs) in the early portions of the 2004–05 season as contestant Ken Jennings, taking advantage of newly relaxed appearance rules, won 74 matches before being defeated by Nancy Zerg in his 75th appearance. He amassed $2,520,700 over the course of his winning streak as well as a $2,000 second-place prize in his 75th appearance, thus earning the record as the highest money-winner ever on American game shows, and his winning streak led the show to become TV's highest-rated syndicated program.[15]

On September 11, 2006, with the start of Season 23, Jeopardy! began broadcasting in high definition. King World and production company Sony Pictures Television indicated that as of August 10, 2006, some 49 of the 210 stations that carried the show at that time were prepared for the transition. Sony uses the 1080i HD format to record the show, but since Jeopardy! is syndicated, stations using the 720p format had to manually transcode the show from an HD satellite feed before broadcasting it. This issue was remedied with the introduction of the Pathfire satellite system for high-definition syndicated content distribution.[16][17]

On January 2, 2007 one third of subscribing stations originally renewed Jeopardy! through Season 28 (2011–12),[18] but by April 8, 2010 Jeopardy! was given an additional two year renewal through Season 30 (2013–14).[19] Then in 2012, Trebek and Wheel personalities Pat Sajak and Vanna White renewed their respective contracts when the shows' ABC-owned affiliates renewed both game shows through the 2015–16 season.[20]

CBS Television Distribution currently offers stations up to two episodes of Jeopardy! to air each weekday: the first run, and a “Classic Jeopardy!” package consisting of recent tournaments.[21] Additional reruns from the previous season are also available for air on Saturdays.

Spin-off programs

Jep!

Main article: Jep!

Jep!, an adaptation geared towards children aged ten through twelve, aired on Game Show Network (GSN) from 1998 to 2000.

Rock & Roll Jeopardy!

Main article: Rock & Roll Jeopardy!

Rock & Roll Jeopardy!, a musically-oriented variant hosted by Jeff Probst, aired from 1998 to 2001 on VH1.

Sports Jeopardy!

In fall 2014, Crackle, an online video portal owned by Sony, began exclusively carrying Sports Jeopardy!, a themed version of the show with material focused entirely on sports trivia. Sportscaster Dan Patrick hosts the webseries, which produces new episodes once a week.[22] Kelly Miyahara, a member of the Jeopardy! Clue Crew, serves as an on-camera announcer.

In this version, players play for points, with the second and third place contestants winning $1,000 and $2,000 each (the same as the parent series) and the winner earning $5,000. There are no returning champions. The top three scorers from the first season will compete in a “Tournament of Champions” for a $50,000 top prize. Also, each category has only four clues (250, 500, 750 and 1,000 in the Jeopardy! round, with those values doubled for Double Jeopardy!) compared to five in the parent series. The fewer clues allows Patrick and the contestants more time to interact during the interview portion of the show and during a “postgame” segment during and after the closing credits.

Jeopardy! host Alex Trebek made a guest appearance on the third episode of Sports Jeopardy! reading the "Final Jeopardy!" clue.

International adaptations

The popularity of Jeopardy! in the United States has led the show's format to launch in many foreign countries throughout the world. This has led the American version to conduct "International Tournaments" in which champions from the show's foreign adaptations competed in a one-week tournament identical to the semifinals and finals of the American version's "Tournament of Champions".[23][24]

Most versions are faithful to the American version's format, but some use unique formats of their own; for example, the Czech and Slovak adaptations eschew the show's trademark "answer and question" format in favor of a simple, standard quiz format, where clues are presented as questions or tasks and the contestants simply answer the questions or perform the tasks indicated, rather than providing responses phrased in the form of a question.

Complete list of international adaptations
Country Title Network(s) Host(s) Dates aired
Arab League Arab World المحك
El Mahaq		 MBC 1 Ibrahim Abou Jawdeh 2011
Argentina Argentina Jeopardy! Canal 13 Fernando Bravo 2006–?
Australia Australia Jeopardy! Network Ten Tony Barber 1993
Belgium Belgium (Dutch) Waagstuk! VTM Luc Appermont 1990–97
Canada Canada (French) Jeopardy! TVA network Réal Giguère 1991–93
Croatia Croatia Izazov! HRT 1 Dražen Sirišćević, Joško Lokas 1998
Czech Republic Czech Republic Risk
Riskuj! 		Nova Pavel Svoboda
Ivan Vyskočil
Jan Krasl
Petr Svoboda
Jan Rosák		 1995–2006
Denmark Denmark Jeopardy! TV2 Søren Kaster 1995–2000
Lasse Rimmer 2000–03
Lars Daneskov 2003–05
TV3 Adam Duvå Hall 2014–present
Estonia Estonia Kuldvillak! TV3
Kanal 2		 Teet Margna
Mart Mardisalu		 1998–2002
2012–present
Finland Finland Jeopardy! Nelonen Ismo Apell Spring 2007
France France Jeopardy! TF1 Philippe Risoli 1988–91
Germany Germany Riskant! RTL Hans-Jürgen Bäumler 1990–93
Jeopardy! Frank Elstner 1994–98[25]
tm3 Gerriet Danz 1998–2000[25]
Hungary Hungary Mindent vagy Semmit! MTV (1993–97)
TV2 (1997–99)		 István Vágó 1993–99
Indonesia Indonesia Jeopardy! Shine TV-2 Robby Purba 2013
Israel Israel מלך הטריוויה
Melekh Ha Trivia		 Channel 3 Eli Israeli 1997–2000
Italy Italy Rischiatutto Rai Due (1970–72)
Rai Uno (1972–74) 		Mike Bongiorno 1970–74
Japan Japan クイズグランプリ
Quiz Grand Prix		 Fuji Television Hiroshi Koizumi 1970–80
Mexico Mexico Jeopardy! TV Azteca Omar Fierro 1998–2000
Netherlands Netherlands Waagstuk! SBS6 Albert Verlinde 1995
New Zealand New Zealand Jeopardy! TVNZ Mark Leishman 1992–93
Norway Norway Jeopardy! TV 2
TV Norge		 Jens Bruun-Pedersen
Nils Gunnar Lie
Trygve Rønningen
H.C. Andersen		 1995–2000
2004
Poland Poland Va Banque TVP2 Kazimierz Kaczor 1996–2003
Romania Romania Riști și câștigi! PRO TV Constantin Cotimanis
Cristi Iacob		 1996–98
Russia Russia Своя игра
Svoya Igra		 NTV Pyotr Kuleshov 1994–present
Slovakia Slovakia Pokušenie! Markíza Michal Duriš
Dodo Dúbravský		 1996–2007
Riskuj! TV JOJ Štefan Bučko
Lenka Hriadeľová		 2007–09
2012
Spain Spain Jeopardy! Antena 3 Carlos Sobera 2007
Sweden Sweden Jeopardy! TV4 Magnus Härenstam 1991–2005
Adam Alsing 2006–07
TV8 Pontus Gårdinger 2014–present
Turkey Turkey Riziko! TRT 1 (1994–96)
Kanal 7 (1998–2000)		 Serhat Hacıpaşalıoğlu 1994–96
1998–99
2000
Büyük Risk [26] Star TV Selçuk Yöntem 2012–present
United Kingdom United Kingdom Jeopardy! Channel 4 Derek Hobson 1983–84
ITV Chris Donat
Steve Jones		 1990–93
Sky One Paul Ross 1995–96

Jeopardy! in Canada

Even though the program has spawned many foreign adaptations, the American syndicated version of Jeopardy! is itself broadcast across the world, with international distribution rights held by CBS Studios International (which, like the show's U.S. distributor CBS Television Distribution, is a unit of CBS Corporation).

In Canada, Jeopardy! had aired largely on local stations since its debut. Like most American game shows that air in Canada, Canadians are eligible to appear as contestants on the American version. Before 2008, Jeopardy! aired across Canada mostly on CTV stations, although the Vancouver CTV station CIVT-TV has never aired the show (the show has, however, apparently aired before on local Global station CHAN-TV), and in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, the show has aired on NTV.

From 2008 to 2012, the show was broadcast by all affiliates of CBC Television except for CBET-DT in Windsor, Ontario (due to broadcast rights in that region being held by WDIV-TV in Detroit).[27] Funding decreases to CBC led to the network declining to renew Jeopardy! and Wheel for the 2012–13 season,[28] in favor of producing its own game show.[29][30]

In French Canada, just as Wheel of Fortune once had its own French-Canadian version, there was also a French-Canadian version of Jeopardy! that aired for a few seasons in Quebec, on TVA, from 1991 to 1993.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Fabe, Maxene (1979). TV Game Shows. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company. ISBN 0-385-13052-X.
  2. ↑ NBC Master Books, Daily Broadcast Log, Motion Picture and Television Reading Room, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
  3. ↑ David Schwartz, Steve Ryan & Fred Wostbrock, The Encyclopedia of TV Game Shows, 3rd Ed., Checkmark Books, 1999, p. 113.
  4. ↑ Schwartz, David; Steve Ryan; Fred Wostbrock (1999). "Jeopardy!". The Encyclopedia of TV Game Shows (3rd ed.). Facts on File. p. 112. ISBN 0-8160-3847-3.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Merv Griffin Productions. The All-New Jeopardy!. Final episode. Starring Art Fleming. Featuring Charlie, Susan, and Doug. March 2, 1979.
  6. ↑ Merv Griffin Productions. The All-New Jeopardy!. Premiere episode. Starring Art Fleming. Featuring Jim, Richard, and Emily. October 2, 1978.
  7. ↑ Tom Gilbert (August 19, 2007). ""Wheel of Fortune," "Jeopardy!" Merv Griffin's True TV Legacy". TVWeek News.
  8. ↑ Richmond, Ray (2004). This is Jeopardy!: Celebrating America's Favorite Quiz Show. New York: Barnes & Noble Books. pp. 12, 15, 33. ISBN 0-7607-5374-1.
  9. ↑ Eisenberg, Harry (1993). Inside "Jeopardy!": What Really Goes on at TV's Top Quiz Show. Salt Lake City: Northwest Publishing, Inc. pp. 52–53. ISBN 1-56901-177-X.
  10. ↑ Ken Jennings examines the waves of American trivia mania in his book, and points to 1984 as a zenith for the phenomenon. Jennings, Ken (2006). Brainiac: Adventures in the Curious, Competitive, Compulsive World of Trivia Buffs. New York: Random House. pp. 215, 220. ISBN 1-4000-6445-7.
  11. ↑ Belkin, Lisa (August 11, 1987). "Redefining Prime Time: It's All in Who You Ask". The New York Times. Retrieved January 19, 2014.
  12. ↑ Eisenberg, first edition, page 54.
  13. ↑ Scardino, Albert (January 15, 1989). "Television - A Debate Heats Up: Is It News or Entertainment?". The New York Times. Retrieved January 19, 2014.
  14. ↑ "Jeopardy!—Did You Know...". Retrieved September 16, 2008. Since its 1984 syndication debut, Jeopardy! has been honored with 30 Daytime Emmy Awards, more than any other syndicated game show. Thirteen Emmys have been awarded for Outstanding Game Show/Audience Participation.
  15. ↑ "Jeopardy! Streak Over: Ken Jennings Loses in 75th Game, Takes Home a Record-Setting $2,520,700" (Press release). King World. November 30, 2004. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved March 7, 2007.
  16. ↑ MacIntyre, April (September 14, 2006). "Wheel of Fortune and Jeopardy break new HD ground: Behind the scenes". Retrieved September 17, 2007.
  17. ↑ Hibberd, James (April 19, 2007). "Syndication Ready for HD Boost: Pathfire System Capable of HD Delivery". Retrieved September 17, 2007.
  18. ↑ "'WHEEL OF FORTUNE' AND 'JEOPARDY!' RENEWED THROUGH 2011–2012: Syndication's #1 show and #2 game show cleared by ABC, CBS, Post-Newsweek, Hearst-Argyle and Sinclair station" (Press release). King World. January 2, 2007. Retrieved January 2, 2007.
  19. ↑ ""Wheel of Fortune" and "Jeopardy!" Renewed Through 2014". The Futon Critic. April 8, 2010. Retrieved December 10, 2011.
  20. ↑ "Wheel of Fortune And Jeopardy! Renewed On ABC Stations Through 2016". Deadline Hollywood. October 29, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
  21. ↑ Industry News: Revised radio ratings with public stations numbers. Buffalo Broadcasters Association (April 27, 2015). Retrieved April 27, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Sony Making A Sports Version Of 'Jeopardy!'". The Huffington Post. Associated Press. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  23. ↑ Richmond, p. 150. "[For Season 13, new producer Harry Friedman's] first order of business: travel to Sweden for Jeopardy!'s first-ever tapings in a foreign country. ... The international tournament is shot on the set of the Jeopardy! version in Stockholm, complete with ring-in apparatus that find contestants banging on plungers rather than ringing buzzers. Michael Daunt of Canada wins the international championship."
  24. ↑ Harris, Bob (2006). Prisoner of Trebekistan: A Decade in Jeopardy!. New York: Crown Publishers. p. 15. ISBN 0-307-33956-4. Like any burgeoning empire, Jeopardy! has also swept across distant lands, with local versions in Canada, England, Germany, Sweden, Russia, Denmark, Israel, and Australia. This led eventually to the International Tournament of 1997, which was won by Michael Daunt, a mild-mannered accountant from Canada with a kindly demeanor and a killer instinct that emerges about every twelve seconds.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "TV Wunschlist - Jeopardy!". Retrieved 2008-03-30.
  26. ↑ http://www.bilgiharamileri.com/star-tv-buyuk-risk-yarismasi-online-basvuru-formu-sitesi.html
  27. ↑ "CBC Television - Jeopardy!". CBC Television. Archived from the original on September 23, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2013.
  28. ↑ DeMara, Bruce (1 May 2012). "CBC not renewing Jeopardy!, Wheel of Fortune". Toronto Star (Toronto ON). Retrieved 22 May 2012.
  29. ↑ Malone, Michael (May 22, 2012). "Scripps Producing New Game Show and News Mag for Stations". Broadcasting & Cable (New York). Retrieved May 22, 2012.
  30. ↑ Klesewetter, John (May 22, 2012). "TV and Media Blog Scripps reveals Jeopardy, Wheel replacements". Cincinnati.com TV & Media Blog. Cincinnati: Gannett Company, Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2012.

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