Jacques Tits

Jacques Tits
Jacques Tits in May 2008
Born	(1930-08-12) 12 August 1930 Uccle, Belgium
Residence	France
Citizenship	Belgian (1930–1974) French (since 1974)
Fields	Mathematics
Institutions	Free University of Brussels Vrije Universiteit Brussel University of Bonn Collège de France French Academy of Sciences
Doctoral advisor	Paul Libois
Doctoral students	Francis Buekenhout Jens Carsten Jantzen Karl-Otto Stöhr Jean-Pierre Tignol
Known for	The Tits group, the Tits alternative, Tits buildings
Notable awards	Cantor medal (1996) Abel Prize (2008, with John G. Thompson)

Jacques Tits (French: [tits]; born 12 August 1930 in Uccle) is a Belgium-born French mathematician who works on group theory and geometry and who introduced Tits buildings, the Tits alternative, and the Tits group.

Career

Tits was born in Uccle to Léon Tits, a professor, and Lousia André. Jacques attended the Athénée of Uccle and the Free University of Brussels. His thesis advisor was Paul Libois, and Tits graduated with his doctorate in 1950 with the dissertation Généralisation des groupes projectifs basés sur la notion de transitivité. His academic career includes professorships at the Free University of Brussels (now split into the Université Libre de Bruxelles and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (1962-1964), the University of Bonn (1964-1974) and the Collège de France in Paris, until becoming emeritus in 2000. He changed his citizenship to French in 1974 in order to teach at the Collège de France, which at that point required French citizenship. Because Belgian nationality law did not allow dual nationality at the time, he renounced his Belgian citizenship. He has been a member of the French Academy of Sciences since then.

Tits was an "honorary" member of the Nicolas Bourbaki group; as such, he helped popularize Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter's work, introducing terms such as Coxeter number, Coxeter group, and Coxeter graph.^[1]

Honors

Tits received the Wolf Prize in Mathematics in 1993, the Cantor Medal from the Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung (German Mathematical Society) in 1996, and the German distinction "Pour le Mérite". In 2008 he was awarded the Abel Prize, along with John Griggs Thompson, “for their profound achievements in algebra and in particular for shaping modern group theory.”^[2] He is a member of several Academies of Sciences.

He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.^[3]

Contributions

He introduced the theory of buildings (sometimes known as Tits buildings), which are combinatorial structures on which groups act, particularly in algebraic group theory (including finite groups, and groups defined over the p-adic numbers). The related theory of (B, N) pairs is a basic tool in the theory of groups of Lie type. Of particular importance is his classification of all irreducible buildings of spherical type and rank at least three, which involved classifying all polar spaces of rank at least three. In the rank-2 case spherical building are generalized n-gons, and in joint work with Richard Weiss he classified these when they admit a suitable group of symmetries (the so-called Moufang polygons). In collaboration with François Bruhat he developed the theory of affine buildings, and later he classified all irreducible buildings of affine type and rank at least four.

Another of his well known theorems is the "Tits alternative": if G is a finitely generated subgroup of a linear group, then either G has a solvable subgroup of finite index or it has a free subgroup of rank 2.

The Tits group and the Tits–Koecher construction are named after him. He introduced the Kneser–Tits conjecture.

Publications

• Tits, Jacques (1964). "Algebraic and abstract simple groups". Annals of Mathematics. Second Series 80 (2): 313–329. doi:10.2307/1970394. ISSN 0003-486X. JSTOR 1970394. MR 0164968 
• Tits, Jacques (1974). "Buildings of spherical type and finite BN-pairs". Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 386 386. Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-38349-9. ISBN 978-3-540-06757-3. MR 0470099 ^[4]
• Tits, Jacques; Weiss, Richard M. (2002). Moufang polygons. Springer Monographs in Mathematics. Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-540-43714-7. MR 1938841 

References

External links

• Jacques Tits at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jacques Tits", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews .
• Biography at the Abel Prize site (pdf)