Interstate 94 in Michigan

This article is about the section of highway in Michigan. For the entire length of highway, see Interstate 94.

Interstate 94 marker

Interstate 94

I-94 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by MDOT
Length: 275.398 mi[1] (443.210 km)
Existed: c. 1958 – present
Tourist
routes:		 Lake Michigan Circle Tour
Major junctions
West end: I-94 near New Buffalo
 

I‑196 / US 31 in Benton Harbor
US 131 in Portage
I‑194 in Battle Creek
I‑69 near Marshall
US 127 in Jackson
US 23 in Ann Arbor
I‑275 in Romulus
I‑96 in Detroit
I‑75 in Detroit
I‑696 in St. Clair Shores

I‑69 in Port Huron
East end: Highway 402 at Canadian border on Blue Water Bridge in Port Huron
Location
Counties: Berrien, Van Buren, Kalamazoo, Calhoun, Jackson, Washtenaw, Wayne, Macomb, St. Clair
Highway system
← M‑93M‑94 →
← US 112M-112M‑113 →
I-94 / US 23 interchange, Pittsfield Township

Interstate 94 (I-94) is a part of the Interstate Highway System that runs from Billings, Montana, to the Lower Peninsula of the US state of Michigan. In Michigan, it is a state trunkline highway that enters the state south of New Buffalo. It runs east through the metropolitan areas of Benton Harbor, Kalamazoo, Battle Creek, Jackson, Ann Arbor, and portions of Metro Detroit, before angling northeasterly to Port Huron, where it terminates on the Blue Water Bridge at the US–Canadian border.

The first segment of what would later become I-94 within the state, the Willow Run Expressway, was built near Ypsilanti and Belleville in 1941, with an easterly extension to Detroit in 1945. By 1960, the length of I-94 was completed from Detroit to New Buffalo, with subsequent extensions in the 1960s completing the rest of the route. The routing of I-94 is notable for containing the first full freeway-to-freeway interchange in the United States, connecting to the Lodge Freeway (M-10), and for comprising the first complete border-to-border toll-free freeway in the United States. The highway has one auxiliary route, Interstate 194, serving downtown Battle Creek, and eight business routes.

Route description

I-94 is listed on the National Highway System (NHS) for its entire length.[2] The NHS is a network of roadways important to the country's economy, defense, and mobility.[3] I-94 carries the Lake Huron Circle Tour in the Port Huron area.[4] Sections through the Detroit area are named the Detroit Industrial and Edsel Ford Freeways. I-94 in the state is either a four- or six-lane freeway for most of its length; one segment in the Detroit area has up to ten lanes total near the airport.[5]

Southwestern Michigan

I-94 crosses into Michigan south of New Buffalo and parallels the Lake Michigan shoreline about three miles (4.8 km) inland. The freeway runs northeasterly through rural Michiana farmland in the southwestern corner of the Lower Peninsula. I-94 traverses an area just east of the Warren Dunes State Park as the freeway runs parallel to the Red Arrow Highway. I-94 crosses its companion highway south of St. Joseph; Red Arrow turns northward carrying the business loop for Benton Harbor and St. Joseph. The freeway curves further inland to cross the St. Joseph River near Riverview Park. East of Benton Harbor, I-94 meets the Napier Avenue where US 31 merges onto the freeway. East of the Southwest Michigan Regional Airport, I-94/US 31 meets the southern end of I-196; US 31 departs the I-94 freeway to follow I-196, and I-94 continues its course away from Lake Michigan.[4][5]

South of Coloma, I-94 turns eastward and roughly follows the Paw Paw River on a course that takes it south of Watervliet and Hartford. Between the latter two cities, the freeway crosses from northeastern Berrien County into western Van Buren County. It curves around and between Lake Cora and Threemile Lake near the junction with the northern end of M-51. About four miles (6.4 km) further east, I-94 crosses M-40 south of Paw Paw. Continuing eastward, I-94 runs south of Mattawan before crossing into western Kalamazoo County.[4][5]

In Texas Township, the freeway enters the western edges of the Kalamazoo suburbs. South of the campus for Western Michigan University's College of Engineering & Applied Sciences, I-94 intersects US 131 in Portage. That freeway also carries Kalamazoo's business loop northward. Near the Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International Airport, I-94 crosses into the southeastern corner of Kalamazoo before entering Comstock Township. The freeway intersects the eastern end of the business loop at a partial interchange near Morrow Lake in the township. I-94 continues eastward out of the eastern Kalamazoo suburbs. It parallels the Kalamazoo River through the Galesburg area.[4][5] Before crossing into Calhoun County on the east side of Battle Creek,[1] I-94 has the only driveway on any of Michigan's Interstate Highways for a gate providing access for military vehicles into the Fort Custer Training Center.[6]

I-94 crosses into Calhoun County southwest of the W. K. Kellogg Airport and enters the city of Battle Creek. Immediately east of the county line, the freeway has an interchange with the western end of Battle Creek's business loop. Next to the Lakeview Square Mall, I-94 meets its own auxiliary Interstate in Michigan: I-194. I-94 turns to the northwest to round Beadle Lake, intersecting M-294 before crossing the Kalamazoo River. East of the river crossing, the freeway meets an interchange for M-96, M-311 and the eastern end of the Battle Creek business loop near the FireKeepers Casino in Emmett Township. Turning back eastward, I-94 exits the eastern Battle Creek suburbs and continues to an interchange with I-69 near Marshall; the business loop for Marshall follows I-69 southward.[4][5]

Into Metro Detroit

Continuing eastward I-94 traverses rural land on the north side of Marshall. The freeway runs north of, and parallel to, the Kalamazoo River through eastern Calhoun County. It angles southeasterly toward Albion before returning to an easterly course on the north side of town. I-94 crosses into western Jackson County before intersecting M-99. From there, it runs generally due east with a jog around Parma on a course to Jackson. West of the Jackson County Airport, the Jackson business loop follows M-60 southward and I-94 travels through the north side of Jackson. North of downtown, US 127 merges in from the north and runs concurrently with I-94 around the city. Southeast of the Michigan State Prison, US 127 departs to the south, and I-94 continues eastward through eastern Jackson County.[4][5]

The freeway runs north of a racetrack complex in Chelsea next to the M-52 interchange. As I-94 continues easterly, it passes into the western edge of the Ann Arbor area. West of downtown, the M-14 freeway splits off to the northeast, and I-94 turns to the south and southeast to curve around the south side of the city. The freeway passes between the Briarwood Mall and the Ann Arbor Municipal Airport. On the southeastern corner of Ann Arbor, I-94 intersects US 23 and continues around the south side of Ypsilanti. South of that city, the freeway also carries US 12 and crosses the Huron River north of its entry into Ford Lake. I-94 jogs southeasterly around the south side of the Willow Run Airport complex and crosses into Wayne County.[4][5]

South of Willow Run, I-94 parallels Belleville Lake. East of the lake, it intersects I-275 near the northwest corner of Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport and angles northeasterly through the southwestern Detroit suburbs along the Detroit Industrial Freeway. I-94 passes over the Gateway Bridges over the single-point interchange at US-24/Telegraph Road in Taylor;[4][5] these bridges were inspired by Super Bowl XL and provide a western gateway to the city.[7] Further east, the freeway intersects M-39 (Southfield Freeway) and passes the Uniroyal Giant Tire in Allen Park. I-94 then turns to the northeast through the Ford River Rouge Complex in Dearborn before turning back easterly on the Edsel Ford Freeway into Detroit.[4][5]

I-94 crosses Detroit east–west well inland and parallel to the Detroit River. The freeway intersects I-96 (Jeffries Freeway) and M-10 (Lodge Freeway) on the West Side, passing the main campus of Wayne State University before crossing onto the East Side at M-1 (Woodward Avenue). Immediately east of the interchange with I-75 (Chrysler Freeway), I-94 forms the southern border of the Milwaukee Junction district. The Edsel Ford Freeway continues through residential neighborhoods of Detroit's East Side. I-94 turns more northerly, mimicking the shoreline of Lake St. Clair, and exits Detroit for Harper Woods. Just north of the interchange for M-102 (Vernier Road), the freeway crosses 8 Mile Road and enters Macomb County.[4][5]

North to Canada

Running northward through Macomb County, I-94 meets the eastern end of I-696 (Reuther Freeway) about three miles (4.8 km) north of the county line in St. Clair Shores. The freeway continues to parallel the lakeshore, and travels to the west of Selfridge Air National Guard Base in Harrison Township. I-94 turns back to the northwest at 23 Mile Road at the interchange with M-3 and M-29. North of 26 Mile Road, the freeway exits the northern suburbs and crosses into farmland in The Thumb region.[4][5]

South of Michigan Meadows Golf Course, I-94 crosses County Line Road and enters St. Clair County. The freeway continues northeasterly as far as Marysville before turning northward near the St. Clair County International Airport. From there, it runs roughly parallel to the St. Clair River. I-94 runs along the western edge of residential areas for Marysville and Port Huron as it continues northward. Immediately west of downtown Port Huron, I-94 intersects with I-69; the two freeways merge and turn first east and then north through an interchange that also features connections to BL I-69.[4][5]

I-94/I-69 turns back to the east about a mile (1.6 km) north of their confluence to cross the Black River north of downtown. On the eastern bank of the river, there is one final interchange for M-25 and BL I-69/BL I-94 before the freeway reaches the toll and customs plazas for the twin-span Blue Water Bridge. Past these plazas, I-94/I-69 ascends the approach to the bridge which cross the St. Clair River to Point Edward (Sarnia), Ontario. At the international boundary at the center of the river, the I-94 designation jointly terminates with I-69.[4][5]

History

Predecessor highways

Map of the pre-statehood Indian trails

The first major overland transportation corridors in the future state of Michigan were the Indian trails.[8] One of these, the St. Joseph Trail, followed the path of the modern I-94.[9] The State Trunkline Highway System was created on May 13, 1913, by an act of the Michigan Legislature; at the time, Division 6 corresponded to the rough path of today's I-94.[10] In 1919, the Michigan State Highway Department (MSHD)[lower-alpha 1] signposted the highway system for the first time,[13] and three different highways followed sections of the modern I-69 corridor. The original M-1 ran from the Indiana state line north to Coloma where M-17 connected easterly to Detroit. The third highway was M-19 from Detroit northeast to Port Huron.[14]

On November 11, 1926, the United States Numbered Highway System was approved by the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO),[15][lower-alpha 2] and the original route of US 12[lower-alpha 3] replaced the highways from the state line northeasterly to Detroit; US 31 overlapped the highway between St. Joseph and Watervliet. The remainder of the future I-94 corridor was served by US 25 between Detroit and Port Huron.[17] The first span of the Blue Water Bridge opened between Port Huron and Point Edward, Ontario, in 1938.[18]

Early conversions to freeways

M-112
Location: Ypsilanti–Detroit
Existed: September 12, 1942[19]–Mid-1956[20][21]

The first segments of freeway along the future route of I-94 were added during World War II. Construction on the Willow Run Expressway started in 1941 before the US entered the war. It was opened on September 12, 1942, to provide improved access to Ford's Willow Run bomber plants.[19] The highway was given the M-112 designation at the time.[22] The expressway was extended eastward as the Detroit Industrial Expressway into Detroit; the first section opened in 1943 and the remainder was completed in March 1945.[19] Land acquisition for the Edsel Ford Freeway started in 1945. Originally referred to as the Crosstown Freeway, the freeway became known as the Edsel Ford Freeway following an April 1946 petition.[23] The interchange between the Lodge Freeway and the Edsel Ford Freeway was built 1953 as the first full freeway-to-freeway interchange in the United States.[24] In mid-1956, the M-112 designation was decommissioned and replaced by a rerouted US 12.[20][21] During the mid-1950s, Detroit Streets and Rails proposed a high-speed rail line in the median of the Willow Run, Detroit Industrial and Edsel Ford freeways; instead of building the rail line, special boarding stations adjacent to dedicated bus lanes in the interchanges along the highway were used.[25]

The first planning maps from 1947 for what later became the Interstate Highway System included a highway along I-94's route in Michigan.[26] This highway was included on the 1955 plan for the "National System of Interstate and Defense Highways" with a proposed spur in the Battle Creek area.[27] The modern I-94 was numbered I-92 between Benton Harbor–St. Joseph and Detroit with I-77 from Detroit to Port Huron in the August 1957 plans.[28]

1958 planning map for Michigan's Interstate Highways

In April 1958, the MSHD wanted to provide a single number for a more direct routing of a Detroit-to–Chicago freeway; the state proposed rerouting I-94 to replace I-92 in the state, but retained the I-77 designation.[29] On June 27, 1958, AASHO adopted their original numbering plan for Michigan, minus the state's proposed changes.[30] Around the same time, a section of M-146 near Port Huron was converted into an approach freeway for the Blue Water Bridge.[31][32]

Interstate Highway era

By January 1959, sections of US 12, the Willow Run, Detroit Industrial and Edsel Ford expressways were co-designated as I-94, connecting Ann Arbor to Detroit, along with a bypass of Kalamazoo to Galesburg and a bypass of Jackson.[33] Later that year, additional sections of I-94 were opened, starting with a 10-mile (16 km) section from Hartford to Coloma, then from Paw Paw to Kalamazoo which connected with a segment between Galesburg to Battle Creek. The overall 45-mile (72 km) section from Paw Paw to Battle Creek was dedicated on December 7, 1959.[34] In addition, a new northwest-southeast section of freeway was built east of Ypsilanti to create a more gradual curve in the routing between present-day exits 185 and 186,[35] the original routing of the Willow Run Expressway having followed present-day Wiard Road.[36] Sections of freeway opened in southwestern Michigan in 1960 between the Benton Harbor–St Joseph area and between Jackson and Ann Arbor; the latter was built over existing portions of US 12.[32] In this year Michigan became the first state to complete a border to border toll-free interstate running for 205 miles from Detroit to New Buffalo.[37] A section of 20 miles (32 km) between New Buffalo and Stevensville opened in 1961.

In the beginning of 1962, the US 12 designation was removed from the I-94 freeway. In the process, the designation was transferred to replace the US 112 designation in its entirety. After this transfer, I-94 was no longer concurrent with US 12, except for the Ypsilanti bypass. In 1963 the freeway was extended south of New Buffalo. The freeway ended at M-239. Traffic was diverted down M-239 into Indiana where SR 39 carried traffic the rest of the way to the Indiana Toll Road. A section in the Detroit area between Marysville and Mt. Clemens was also completed. US 25 was used to connect the gap in the freeway between Detroit and Mt. Clemens.

North of Albion, the route of the freeway crossed a branch of the New York Central Railroad at-grade. The crossing was eliminated when the tracks were removed in 1968.[38]

The sections originally designated as the Willow Run Expressway were rebuilt from Rawsonville Road in Belleville to Ozga Road in Romulus starting in 1972. As part of this reconstruction, the segment between Haggerty Road and Ozga Road was widened from four to six lanes, and the eastbound lanes were realigned to facilitate construction of an interchange with Interstate 275, a western bypass of Detroit which was under construction at the time. The Willow Run segment was also resurfaced at this point, as the old road bed did not contain steel mesh.[39] Construction of this interchange also obliterated a partial interchange with Huron River Drive.

Since completion

I-94 eastbound approaching exit 271 in Port Huron

On August 16, 1987, Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashed after attempting to take off from Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County International Airport, killing all but one passenger, Cecilia Cichan, upon exploding at an overpass at Middlebelt Road.

In the 1990s, the Michigan Department of Transportation implemented an "emergency Interstate" system along roads paralleling I-94.

On July 1997, the second span of the Blue Water Bridge opened between Port Huron and Point Edward, Ontario.

The interchange with US 24 (Telegraph Road) had only two bridges and left hand exits were used throughout.[40] This interchange was reconfigured in 2005 to a single-point urban interchange (SPUI) design that was completed in December of that year.[41] A pair of bridges called the Gateway Arch Bridges (alternately "Gateway to Detroit"[42]) was incorporated in the new interchange.[43]

In June 2012, after a resolution passed by the Michigan Legislature was signed by Gov. Rick Snyder, a portion of I-94 in Taylor between Inkster Road and Pelham Road was named "Auxiliary Lt. Dan Kromer Memorial Highway" after a 20-year veteran of the Taylor Police Department, who was killed in 2010 while helping motorists who had car trouble.[44]

In 2011, construction was started to widen I-94/I-69 approaching the Blue Water Bridge allowing for dedicated lanes for local traffic and for Blue Water Bridge traffic.[45] The lane configuration changes have confused drivers in the area, especially motorists with outdated GPS devices.[46] So MDOT installed updated signs complete with American and Canadian flags to help prevent drivers from heading to Canada by mistake.[47]

In late 2013, construction began to reconstruct and reconfigure the I-94/I-69 interchange. The project will improve 3.7 miles (6.0 km) of freeway, replace several bridges and ramps and cost $76 million. In June 2014, MDOT closed the ramps from I-69 eastbound to BL I-69 through the interchange until later in the year. The project is slated to be completed in 2015.[48]

Exit list

CountyLocationmi[1]kmExitDestinationsNotes
BerrienNew Buffalo Township0.0000.000 I-94 west – Gary, ChicagoIndiana state line
1.4462.3271 M‑239 south (La Porte Road) – New BuffaloNorthern terminus of M-239; New Buffalo signed eastbound only
3.556–
3.582		5.723–
5.765		4 US 12 / LMCT – Three Oaks, Niles, New BuffaloSigned as exits 4A (east) and 4B (west); Three Oaks signed eastbound only; western end of LMCT concurrency
New Buffalo–Chikaming township line6.23210.0296Union Pier
Chikaming Township12.01519.33612Sawyer
Bridgman15.56125.04316Bridgman
Stevensville21.52134.63522John Beers Road – StevensvilleStevensville signed eastbound only
Lincoln Charter Township23.35837.59123 BL I‑94 east (Red Arrow Highway) / LMCT – St. Joseph, Benton Harbor, StevensvilleEastern end of LMCT concurrency; BL I-94, Benton Harbor, and St. Joseph signed eastbound only; Stevensville and Red Arrow Highway signed westbound only; western terminus of BL I-94
St. Joseph Township26.95743.38327 M‑63 (Niles Avenue)
Benton Charter Township28.25345.46928 M‑139 (Scottdale Road)
29.49647.46929Pipestone Road
30.40848.93730 US 31 south (Napier Avenue)Western end of US 31 concurrency
32.59252.45233 BL I‑94 – Downtown Benton Harbor, St. JosephNo eastbound exit; eastern terminus of BL I-94
34.144–
34.167		54.949–
54.986		34 I‑196 north / US 31 north – South Haven, Holland, Grand RapidsEastern end of US 31 concurrency; southern terminus of I-196
Coloma Township38.52862.00539Millburg, Coloma
Watervliet Township40.76265.60041 M‑140 – Watervliet, Niles
Van BurenHartford Township45.76373.64846Hartford
Lawrence Township51.73083.25152Lawrence
Paw Paw Township56.28190.57556 M‑51 – Decatur, DowagiacNorthern terminus of M-51
Paw Paw59.95896.49360 M‑40 – Paw Paw, Lawton
Mattawan65.826105.93766Mattawan
KalamazooTexas Township71.592115.216729th Street – Oshtemo
Portage73.591–
73.649		118.433–
118.527		74 US 131 / BL I‑94 east – Kalamazoo, Grand Rapids, Three RiversSigned as exits 74A (south, US 131) and 74B (north, US 131/BL I-94); BL I-94 and Kalamazoo signed eastbound only; western terminus of BL I-94
74.845120.45175Oakland Drive
76.106122.48176Westnedge Avenue
Kalamazoo77.753125.13178Portage Road, Kilgore Road
Kalamazoo–Comstock Township line79.576128.06580Sprinkle Road, Cork Street
Comstock Township80.911130.21481 BL I‑94 west – Downtown KalamazooWestbound exit and eastbound entrance; eastern terminus of BL I-94
85.103136.9608535th Street – Augusta, GalesburgGalesburg and Augusta signed eastbound only
Charleston Township87.945141.53488Climax, GalesburgClimax signed eastbound only; Galesburg signed westbound only
91.887147.878Access Gate to Fort Custer Training CenterAt-grade intersection for military vehicles only; only driveway on an Interstate Highway in Michigan[6]
CalhounBattle Creek92.055148.14892 BL I‑94 east / M‑37 – Springfield, Battle Creek, Augusta, ClimaxBL I-94, Battle Creek, and Springfield signed eastbound only; Augusta and Climax signed westbound only; western terminus of BL I-94; southern terminus of M-37
95.082153.02095Helmer Road – Springfield
97.116156.29397Capital Avenue
Battle Creek–Emmett Charter Township line98.239–
98.269		158.100–
158.149		98 I‑194 north / M‑66 – Sturgis, Downtown Battle CreekSigned as exits 98A (south, M-66) and 98B (north, I-194/M-66); southern terminus of I-194
Emmett Charter Township99.748160.529100 M‑294 (Beadle Lake Road)Southern terminus of M-294
103.629166.775103Michigan AvenueFormer partial interchange with westbound exit to westbound Michigan Avenue and eastbound entrance from eastbound Michigan Avenue only; permanently closed in 2009[49]
103.829167.097104 To BL I‑94 west / M‑96 (Michigan Avenue) / 11 Mile RoadSigns eastbound omit BL I-94; eastern terminus of BL I-94; northern terminus of M-311
Marshall Township108.175–
108.198		174.091–
174.128		108 I‑69 – Ft. Wayne, LansingWestern terminus of BL I-94
Marshall109.879176.833110Old 27Former US 27
Marengo Township111.997180.242112 BL I‑94 west (Partello Road) – MarshallSigns eastbound omit BL I-94; signs westbound omit Partello Road; eastern terminus of BL I-94
115.359185.652115221⁄2 Mile Road
Sheridan Township118.552190.791119 M‑199 (26 Mile Road)Western terminus of M-199
Albion121.364195.316121 BL I‑94 east (28 Mile Road) – AlbionSigns westbound omit BL I-94; western terminus of BL I-94
JacksonParma Township123.830199.285124 BL I‑94 west / M‑99 – Albion, Eaton RapidsSigns eastbound omit BL I-94; eastern terminus of BL I-94
126.872204.181127Concord Road
Parma–Sandstone township line128.417206.667128Michigan Avenue
Sandstone Township129.498208.407130Parma Road
132.633213.452133Dearing Road – Spring ArborSpring Arbor signed eastbound only
Blackman Township135.785–
135.804		218.525–
218.555		136 M‑60 west / BL I‑94 east – Jackson, Spring ArborSigns westbound omit Jackson; signs eastbound omit Spring Arbor; western terminus of BL I-94; eastern terminus of M-60
137.035220.536137Airport Road
138.393222.722138 US 127 north / M‑50 – Lansing, JacksonWestern end of US 127 concurrency; western terminus of BUS US 127
139.589224.647139 M‑106 (Cooper Street) – Downtown Jackson
140.615226.298141Elm Road
Leoni Township141.926–
141.938		228.408–
228.427		142 US 127 south – HudsonEastern end of US 127 concurrency
143.849231.503144 BL I‑94 west – JacksonPartial interchange that had served Ann Arbor Road with westbound exit and eastbound entrance; exit removed in 2012[50][51]
144.537232.610145 BL I‑94 west / Sargent Road – JacksonSigns eastbound omit BL I-94 and Jackson; eastern terminus of BL I-94
147.200236.895147Race Road
Grass Lake Township150.061241.500150Mt. Hope Road – Grass Lake
153.157246.482153Clear Lake Road
WashtenawSylvan Township155.822250.771156Kalmbach Road
157.237253.048157Old US 12, Pierce Road
Chelsea159.410256.546159 M‑52 – Chelsea, Manchester
Lima Township162.139260.937162Old US 12, Jackson Road
Scio Township167.072268.876167Baker Road – Dexter
169.213272.322169Zeeb Road
171.001275.199171 M‑14 east – PlymouthEastbound exit and westbound entrance; western terminus of M-14
Ann Arbor172.168277.078172 BL I‑94 east (Jackson Avenue) – Ann ArborSigns westbound omit BL I-94; western terminus of BL I-94; no access from eastbound I-94 to westbound Jackson Avenue
175.081281.766175Ann Arbor–Saline Road
176.548284.126177State Street
Pittsfield Township179.522–
179.540		288.913–
288.942		180 US 23 / BL I‑94 west – Ann Arbor, Flint, ToledoSigned as exits 180A (south, US 23) and 180B (north, US 23/BL I-94); signs eastbound omit BL I-94; eastern terminus of BL I-94; eastbound exit uses collector-distributor lanes; Flint signed eastbound only, Ann Arbor signed westbound only
179.792289.347— US 23 (Carpenter Road)Original routing of US 23;[52] was a four-ramp partial cloverleaf interchange that was obliterated when current US 23 exit was built in 1962[53][54]
181.265291.718181 US 12 west (Michigan Avenue) – Saline, YpsilantiWestern end of US 12 concurrency; signed as exits 181A (west) and 181B (east) westbound; Ypsilanti signed eastbound only, Saline signed westbound only
Ypsilanti183.084294.645183
Bus. US 12 east (Huron Street) – Downtown Ypsilanti		Western terminus of BUS US 12
183.986296.097184Grove StreetExit was removed in 1967; was a complete interchange with westbound access via right-in/right-out to Emerick Street[55][56]
Ypsilanti Township185.023297.766185 US 12 east (Michigan Avenue) – Willow Run AirportEastern end of US 12 concurrency; eastbound exit and westbound entrance
186.227299.703186Willow Run AirportWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
187.129301.155187Rawsonville Road
WayneVan Buren Township190.240306.162190Belleville Road – Belleville
192.572309.915192Haggerty RoadWest access to Lower Huron Metropark
193.368311.196193Huron River DriveExit removed in 1973; was an eastbound exit and westbound entrance via Northline Road[57][58]
Romulus193.978–
194.002		312.177–
312.216		194 I‑275 – Flint, ToledoSigned as exits 194A (south) and 194B (north) eastbound; westbound exit uses collector-distributor lane
195.434314.521196Wayne Road – Wayne
196.368316.024197Vining Road
197.804318.335198 Merriman Road – Detroit Metro AirportCollector-distributor lanes connect with exit 199; signed as exits 198A (Metro Airport) and 198B (Merriman Road north) eastbound
198.548319.532199Middle Belt RoadConnected to exit 198
Taylor200.317322.379200Ecorse Road – InksterDirectional access from I-94 to Ecorse Road (eastbound to eastbound and westbound to westbound only); Inkster signed westbound only
202.002325.091202 US 24 (Telegraph Road)
Allen Park204.388–
204.399		328.931–
328.948		204 M‑39 (Southfield Freeway) / Pelham Road
206.398332.165206Oakwood BoulevardSigned as exits 206A (south) and 206B (north) westbound
Dearborn207.626–
208.011		334.142–
334.761		208Schaefer Road, Greenfield RoadEastbound exit to Greenfield Road and westbound entrance from southbound Greenfield Road only; Schaefer Road access via trumpet interchange with unnamed road to Ford River Rouge Complex and partial cloverleaf interchange to Schaefer and Butler roads
208.882336.163209Rotunda DriveWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
209.795337.632210A US 12 (Michigan Avenue) / Wyoming Avenue – DearbornSigned as exit 210 eastbound; no westbound exit to Wyoming Avenue; access from Wyoming Avenue to eastbound I-94 at exit 210B
Detroit210.048–
210.352		338.039–
338.529		210B M‑153 (Ford Road) / Addison AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance; eastbound entrance via Weir Street
210.669339.039211ALonyo AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
211.268340.003211BCentral Avenue, Cecil AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance; service drives connect to Central Avenue
211.793340.848212ALivernois AvenueSigned as exit 212 westbound
212.597342.142212BWarren AvenueWestbound exit is via exit 213A
212.819–
212.841		342.499–
342.534		213AWest Grand Boulevard, Warren AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance; former eastbound exit removed 2012[59]
213.363–
213.407		343.374–
343.445		213B I‑96 (Jeffries Freeway) – Lansing, Bridge to Canada
213.598–
213.700		343.753–
343.917		214ALinwood Avenue, Grand River AvenueSigned as exit 214 westbound; second eastbound entrance from 14th Street; signs eastbound omit Linwood Avenue
214.414345.066214BTrumbull AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
214.712–
214.744		345.545–
345.597		215 M‑10 (Lodge Freeway) – Downtown Detroit, SouthfieldSigned as exits 215A (south) and 215B (north)
215.229–
215.562		346.377–
346.913		215C M‑1 (Woodward Avenue) / John R. Street / Brush Street
215.868–
215.882		347.406–
347.428		216A I‑75 (Chrysler Freeway) – Flint, Toledo
216.013347.639216BRussell StreetEastbound exit only
216.603348.589217AChene Street, East Grand BoulevardNo westbound exit or entrance from southbound East Grand Boulevard to westbound I-94; westbound access to East Grand Boulevard northbound only at exit 217B
217.333349.764217BMount Elliott AvenueSigned as exit 217 (Mount Elliott Avenue, East Grand Boulevard) westbound
218.226351.201218 M‑53 (Van Dyke Avenue)
219.016352.472219 M‑3 (Gratiot Avenue)
219.560353.348220AFrench RoadNo westbound exit
219.978–
220.086		354.020–
354.194		220BConner Avenue – Detroit City AirportNo access from northbound Conner Avenue to westbound I-94
221.387–
221.622		356.288–
356.666		222AOuter Drive, Chalmers Avenue
222.292357.744222BHarper AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
223.048358.961223Cadieux Road
223.755360.099224AMoross Road
Harper Woods224.430361.185224BAllard Avenue, Eastwood DriveNo entrances to I-94; signs eastbound omit Eastwood Drive
225.352–
225.376		362.669–
362.708		225 M‑102 (8 Mile Road, Vernier Road)Eastern terminus of M-102; additional westbound entrance from southbound Harper Avenue
MacombEastpointe–St. Clair Shores city line226.893365.1492279 Mile Road
Eastpointe–Roseville–St. Clair Shores city tripoint227.967366.87722810 Mile Road
Roseville–St. Clair Shores city line228.742–
229.426		368.125–
369.225		229 I‑696 west – Lansing
11 Mile Road		Eastern terminus of I-696
230.014370.17223012 Mile Road
Roseville230.890371.581231 M‑3 (Gratiot Avenue)Eastbound exit to northbound M-3 and westbound entrance only
231.354372.328232Little Mack Avenue
Clinton Charter Township234.209376.923234Harper AvenueSigned as exits 234A (south) and 234B (north)
Harrison Township234.873377.991235Shook RoadWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
235.921379.678236Metropolitan Parkway
Mt. Clemens237.266381.843237North River Road – Mt. Clemens
Harrison–Chesterfield township line240.027–
240.259		386.286–
386.659		240 M‑59 – Selfridge ANGB, UticaSigned as exits 240A (east) and 240B (west) eastbound; eastern terminus of M-59; roadway continues beyond terminus as William P. Rosso Highway
Chesterfield Township241.193388.16324121 Mile Road
243.453391.800243 M‑3 south – Utica
M‑29 north – Algonac, New Baltimore		Northern terminus of M-3; southern terminus of M-29; signs eastbound omit M-3 and Utica; signs westbound omit Algonac
246.737397.085247 M‑19 north – Richmond, New HavenEastbound exit and westbound entrance; southern terminus of M-19
Lenox Township248.118399.30724826 Mile Road – Marine City
St. ClairCasco–Columbus township line257.185413.899257Richmond, St. ClairSigns eastbound omit Richmond
St. Clair Township262.131421.859262Wadhams Road
Kimball Township266.330428.617266 BL I‑94 east (Gratiot Road) – MarysvilleSigns westbound omit BL I-94; western terminus of BL I-94
Kimball–Port Huron township line269.525433.758269Range Road, Dove StreetSigns westbound omit Dove Street
Port Huron Township271.271–
271.820		436.568–
437.452		271 I‑69 west – FlintWestern end of I-69 concurrency
271.529436.984 BL I‑69 east – Port HuronEastbound exit and westbound entrance; western terminus of BL I-69
273.826440.680274Water Street, Lapeer Avenue – Port HuronSigned as 274A (Lapeer Avenue) and 274B (Water Street) eastbound; indirect access to Lapeer Avenue via Lapeer Connector (former M-146); no direct eastbound entrance to Blue Water Bridge
Port Huron275.102442.734275 BL I‑69 west / BL I‑94 west / M‑25 (Pine Grove Avenue) – Lexington, Downtown Port HuronEastbound last exit before Canada; eastern terminus of BL I-69/BL I-94; southern terminus of M-25; signs eastbound omit BL I-69/BL I-94
274.770442.199Toll Plaza (eastbound)
U.S. Customs (westbound)
St. Clair River275.304–
275.398		443.059–
443.210		Blue Water Bridge (tolled)
Connection to Highway 402 in Sarnia, Ontario
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Related trunklines

There are nine highways related to I-94 in Michigan. The first is the spur into downtown Battle Creek numbered I-194 and nicknamed "The Penetrator"[60] and officially called the "Sojourner Truth Downtown Parkway".[61] This auxiliary Interstate Highway runs for about three miles (4.8 km) to connect I-94 northward into downtown. The other eight highways are business loops of I-94 that connect various cities' downtowns with the main freeway. Unlike I-194, these loops are not freeways. Located from west to east along I-94's routing in Michigan, they serve Benton Harbor–St. Joseph, Kalamazoo, Battle Creek, Marshall, Albion, Jackson, Ann Arbor, and Port Huron.[4]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The Michigan State Highway Department was reorganized into the Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation on August 23, 1973.[11] The name was shortened to its current form in 1978.[12]
  2. ↑ AASHO was renamed the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) on November 11, 1973.[16]
  3. ↑ At the time the United States Numbered Highway System was created, the highway along the modern US 12 through Coldwater and Ypsilanti to Detroit was numbered US 112.[17]

References

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Michigan Department of Transportation & Michigan Center for Shared Solutions and Technology Partnerships (2009). MDOT Physical Reference Finder Application (Map). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 7, 2013.
  2. ↑ Michigan Department of Transportation (April 23, 2006). National Highway System, Michigan (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 7, 2008.
  3. ↑ Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 Michigan Department of Transportation (2013). Pure Michigan: State Transportation Map (Map). 1 in≈15 mi / 1 cm≈9 km. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. OCLC 861227559.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 Google (August 20, 2013). "Overview Map of Interstate 94 in Michigan" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Staff. "Road & Highway Facts". History & Culture. Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
  7. ↑ Strong, Michael (October 24, 2005). "Detroit Builds Gateway Link Inspired by Super Bowl". Engineering News-Record. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
  8. ↑ Morrison (19337), p. 1.
  9. ↑ Mason (1959), p. 18.
  10. ↑ Michigan Legislature (1915).
  11. ↑ Kulsea & Shawver (1980), p. 27.
  12. ↑ Kulsea & Shawver (1980), pp. 30–1.
  13. ↑ "Michigan May Do Well Following Wisconsin's Road Marking System". The Grand Rapids Press. September 20, 1919. p. 10. OCLC 9975013.
  14. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department (July 1, 1919). State of Michigan: Lower Peninsula (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. OCLC 15607244.
  15. ↑ (McNichol 2006, p. 74).
  16. ↑ Staff (December 4, 2012). "November 13". Highway History. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Michigan State Highway Department (December 1, 1926). Official Highway Condition Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. OCLC 79754957.
  18. ↑ Hyde (1993), p. 109.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "Aging Willow Run Expressway Has Served Michigan Well". The Ann Arbor News. July 15, 1972. p. 12. OCLC 9497417.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Michigan State Highway Department (April 15, 1956). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Michigan State Highway Department (October 1, 1956). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department.
  22. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department & Rand McNally (June 1, 1943). Official Michigan Highway Map (Map) (Summer ed.). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department.
  23. ↑ Staff. "US 12 (Michigan Avenue)–I-94". Michigan's Historic Bridges. Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
  24. ↑ Naber, MaryAnn. "Final List of Nationally and Exceptionally Significant Features of the Federal Interstate Highway System". Historic Preservation: Interstate Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 6, 2006.
  25. ↑ Brown, Bernice. "Edsel Ford Expressway". Encyclopedia of Detroit. Detroit Historical Society. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  26. ↑ Public Roads Administration (August 2, 1947). National System of Interstate Highways (Map). Washington, DC: Public Roads Administration. Retrieved September 4, 2010 – via Wikimedia Commons.
  27. ↑ Public Roads Administration (September 1955). "National System of Interstate and Defense Highways" (Map). General Location of National System of Interstate Highways Including All Additional Routes at Urban Areas Designated in September 1955. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. OCLC 416597 – via Wikimedia Commons.
  28. ↑ Public Roads Administration (August 2, 1947). National System of Interstate Highways (Map). Washington, DC: Public Roads Administration. Retrieved May 10, 2008.
  29. ↑ Staff (April 25, 1958). "Recommended Numbering: Interstate Highways in Michigan". Michigan State Highway Department. Archived from the original on November 21, 2003. Retrieved May 10, 2008.
  30. ↑ American Association of State Highway Officials (June 27, 1958). Official Route Numbering for the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways (Map). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway Officials. Retrieved May 10, 2008 – via Wikimedia Commons.
  31. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department (1958). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Port Huron inset. OCLC 51856742. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1958)
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Michigan State Highway Department (1960). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Port Huron inset. OCLC 81552576. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1960)
  33. ↑ "Temporary Double Signs for Highway". The News-Palladium (Benton Harbor, MI). § 2, p. 1.
  34. ↑ "Marshall Area Chronology for 1959". Marshall Evening Chronicle. pp. 4–5. Retrieved August 21, 2013 – via NewspaperArchive.com.
  35. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department (1960). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Metro Detroit inset. OCLC 81552576. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1960)
  36. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department (1958). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Metro Detroit inset. OCLC 51856742. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1958)
  37. ↑ Staff. "1960s". History & Culture. Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
  38. ↑ "Railroad Once Crossed I-94". Albion Morning Star. July 27, 2008. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  39. ↑ "Aging Willow Run Expressway Has Served Michigan Well". The Ann Arbor News. July 15, 1972.
  40. ↑ American Automobile Association (October 1971). AAA Detroit Southern Suburbs (Map). Falls Church, VA: American Automobile Association. Telegraph Road Interchange inset.
  41. ↑ Staff. "Single-Point Urban Interchange (SPUI)". Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
  42. ↑ "I-94 Bridge Builders Go by the Playbook". Detroit Free Press. September 28, 2005.
  43. ↑ Abdalla, Hiba & Benesch, Alfred (February 28, 2014). "Case Study: Designing Michigan's I-94 Gateway Arch Bridges". LUSAS Bridge. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
  44. ↑ Staff (June 29, 2012). "Snyder Signs Bills to Commit Dollars to Infrastructure" (Press release). Office of the Governor. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  45. ↑ Helms, Matt (February 17, 2011). "$90M Upgrade Coming to I-94/I-69 in Port Huron Area". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
  46. ↑ Morosi, Rob. "Seeing is believing on I-94". Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  47. ↑ LeBlanc, Beth (June 3, 2013). "New MDOT Freeway Fix Shakes up Neighbors: Rumble Strips to Alert Drivers Irritate Families". The Times Herald (Port Huron). Retrieved August 19, 2013.
  48. ↑ LeBlanc, Beth (June 26, 2014). "Construction Will Close Eastbound I-69 Exit". The Times Herald (Port Huron, MI). Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  49. ↑ "I-94 interchange closes Monday". Battle Creek Enquirer. April 24, 2009. OCLC 33956507. Retrieved April 24, 2009.
  50. ↑ "I-94, Sargent Road Interchange Reconstruction" (PDF). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  51. ↑ Arend, Kari (October 21, 2012). "Continuous Single-Lane Closure on I-94 at Sargent Road in Jackson to Start Oct. 21" (Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  52. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department (1958). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Metro Detroit inset. OCLC 51856742. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1958)
  53. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department (1962). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § M12. OCLC 173191490.
  54. ↑ Michigan State Highway Department (1963). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § M12.
  55. ↑ Michigan Department of State Highways (1967). Official Highway Map (Map). Not to scale. Lansing: Michigan Department of State Highways. Michigan Freeways inset.
  56. ↑ Michigan Department of State Highways (1968). Official Highway Map (Map). 1 in≈2.5 mi. Lansing: Michigan Department of State Highways. Detroit and Vicinity inset.
  57. ↑ Michigan Department of State Highways (1973). Official Highway Map (Map). 1 in≈2.5 mi. Lansing: Michigan Department of State Highways. Detroit and Vicinity inset. OCLC 81679137.
  58. ↑ Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation (1974). Official Transportation Map (Map). 1 in≈2.5 mi. Lansing: Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation. Detroit and Vicinity inset. OCLC 83138602.
  59. ↑ Morosi, Rob (January 7, 2012). "Preliminary Work Begins this Week on West Grand Boulevard Overpass above I-94 in Detroit" (Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  60. ↑ Vander Meer, John J. (March 18, 2002). "Penetrator to Get $1.6M Face-Lift". Battle Creek Enquirer. pp. 1A, 7A. OCLC 33956507.
  61. ↑ Barnett, LeRoy (2004). A Drive Down Memory Lane: The Named State and Federal Highways of Michigan. Allegan Forest, MI: Priscilla Press. p. 201. ISBN 1-886167-24-9.

Works cited

  • Barnett, LeRoy (2004). A Drive Down Memory Lane: The Named State and Federal Highways of Michigan. Allegan Forest, MI: The Priscilla Press. ISBN 1-886167-24-9.
  • Hyde, Charles K. (1993). Historic Highway Bridges of Michigan. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-2448-7.
  • Kulsea, Bill & Shawver, Tom (1980). Making Michigan Move: A History of Michigan Highways and the Michigan Department of Transportation. Lansing, MI: Michigan Department of Transportation. OCLC 8169232.
  • Mason, Philip P. (1959). Michigan Highways From Indian Trails to Expressways. Ann Arbor, MI: Braun-Brumfield. OCLC 23314983.
  • McNichol, Dan (2006). The Roads that Built America: The Incredible Story of the US Interstate System. New York: Sterling. ISBN 1-4027-3468-9.
  • Michigan Legislature (1915). "Chapter 91: State Reward Trunk Line Highways". In Shields, Edmund C.; Black, Cyrenius P. & Broomfield, Archibald. The Compiled Laws of the State of Michigan, Volume I. Lansing, MI: Wynkoop, Hallenbeck, Crawford. pp. 1868–72. OCLC 44724558. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
  • Morrison, Roger L. (Autumn 1937). "The History and Development of Michigan Highways". Michigan Alumnus Quarterly Review (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Bureau of Alumni Relations) 39 (54): 59–73. OCLC 698029175.

External links

Route map: Bing

Historic Bridge Listings
Interstate 94
Previous state:
Indiana		 Michigan Next state:
Terminus