International Association of Black Professional Firefighters

The IABPFF, founded in 1970, is a fraternal organization of black firefighters.

Shoulder patch for the IABPFF

The International Association of Black Professional Firefighters represents more than 8000 fire service personnel throughout the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean, organized in 180 chapters.^[1]

History

In September 1969, black and minority fire fighters of all ranks from municipalities across the United States met in New York City for two days of discussion on various problems and injustices affecting African-American firefighters: the recruitment of black youth into the fire service, firefighters-community relations with special emphasis on relations with the residents of neighborhoods inhabited by blacks, inter-group relations and practices in fire departments, and the need to improve fire prevention programs in the areas of greatest need. The meeting resulted in the founding of the International Association of Black Professional Fire Fighters.

Conferees gather during the IABPFF conference

In October 1970, the first convention of Black Professional Fire Fighters was held in Hartford, Connecticut.^[2] The IABPFF^[3] is currently led by Pres. James Hill, a veteran 40yr Dallas, Texas Firefighter.

Lieutenant Nelson, standing rear, of the Oklahoma City, OKFD speaks on the subject of harassment at the 1st conference of the IABPFF, Oct 31-Nov 01, 1969

Mission Statement

This is the Challenge; The strength of the IABPFF depends on how we will develop our potential and what our goals, and what and who are our resources. We can change the lives of young Black men and women by giving them a positive outlook and a desire to succeed. This is a national Challenge that exists from coast to coast and north to south. The effort to change and rescue our youth seems not to be recognized as a challenge^[4] that we can conquer. We are 8000 Heroes, We save lives for a living! Let us not linger on what we have done in the past but what we have the great potential to accomplish----- in the future

Now in these troubled times, We find that no less than the Justice Department of these United States has found that institutionalized racism has found its way into many municipal courts across the land, making a Jim Crow reality for many black youth preventing them from ever reaching their potential to be as great as their fathers aspired them to be. They are challenged by police as they go about their lives, by I.D. challenges,^[5] stop^[6] and frisk,^[7] black lives matter.^[8] This is a fault of not being one of the haves, a poverty in America that is compounded by courts making laws to keep the have-nots in place, forever poor. We should fall back to what made of our generation a black middle class, one that founded the organizations like ours, and be guides and mentors to our lost generation of youth. Civil Service made black wealth a reality for a time, but we got complacent, and 2008 saw the greatest re-distribution^[9] of black wealth ever in the form of pension losses, home foreclosures and bankruptcies. Our finest minds have gone on, having done their time striving for better. Their sons and daughters are not part of that America, and for the most part, they are not civil servants. They are Lawyers, Bankers, Business owners and members of Americas elite. The ones that are civil servants, we call on you to join us. We need you to give of your time, your dollars, your knowledge of Civil Service to the returning veteran, to the students in school, to the parolee just out of our mass incarceration mills and to get them hired. Those salaries are returned to the community because these are our neighbors, our relatives, our brothers and sisters. We know how to do this, and it is the only way to prevent the cycle of crime, drugs and violence that plagued us in our communities as it did during the crack epidemic of the 90's, and the fires and riots of the 60's. It is imperative that we impart our skills to this problem now, as the older generation withers a gap is forming and the old organizations are dying swiftly. Lets invigorate the tree of liberty with the blood, sweat and tears of a new generation.^[10] Call out your fence sitting friends, bring them out and you come out, we need you now to re-build and re-vitalize your communities. Now that you are no longer a Probie, and you have a handle on your finances, join a fraternal organization and give 50 hours a year to mentor^[11] youth in test practice classes. Give up 5 hours of overtime a year to shepherd a parolee into a job. Create a better way and lead by going in uniform to schools and showing that we are leaders and people of stature,^[12] standing proud of our civil service heritages.^[13]

Chapters

Southwest Region^[14]

Northeast Region^[15]

Southeast Region^[16]

Central Region^[14]

Medals

The IABPFF Medal of Valor was established to recognize Acts upholding the best qualities and aspirations of the professional fire and rescue service. Medal of Valor Recipients:

Brenda Denise Cowan (May 9, 1963 – February 13, 2004), Lexington, Kentucky's first black female firefighter,^[17]

Died in the line of duty on February 13, 2004.^[18] According to Women in the Fire Service, Lieutenant Cowan is the first black female career firefighter ever to die in the line of duty.^[19] She had served with the Lexington Fire Department for twelve years.^[20] She was on her first tour of duty after being promoted when the call came for a domestic dispute with injuries.

Legislative action as a result of this Line Of Duty Death

In March 2005, the Brenda D. Cowan Act, Senate Bill 217, unanimously passed the Kentucky Senate. The bill would amend KRS 508.025, relating to assault in the third degree, to provide that a person is guilty of assault in the third degree when he causes or attempts to cause physical injury to emergency medical services personnel, organized fire department members, and rescue squad personnel.^[21]

Medal of Valor

Firefighter Daryl Gordon - the Cincinnati Fire Department^[22]^[23] Daryl Gordon died while responding to a fire in Madison, falling down an elevator shaft while responding to a fire in which one other firefighter was injured. His funeral was attended by firefighters from across the country, the IABPFF awarded him their Medal for Valor, for upholding the highest traditions of fire service.^[24]^[25]

Motto

The IABPFF also celebrates and recognizes our leadership as an organization who had the courage and vision to “speak truth to power” over the many decades we “kept the fire burning for Justice” to quote Capt. David J. Floyd, the IABPFF founding president.

Consent decrees

In cities where blacks came to achieve an absolute political majority – such as Baltimore, Newark, Gary, Cleveland, and Washington, D.C. – threats of lawsuits forced the integration of those fire depts. Integration and black and minority hiring in those cities while stormy, went ahead.The IABFF played a role in the lawsuits that dotted the landscape in the 70's and 80's.

Once chapters were organized around the country, legal avenues were opened to force diversity. In other cities integration of the fire services were not the case, notably Boston('75), Birmingham('81), Miami('77),^[26] Memphis('74, '80), San Francisco('70),Chicago, Omaha, Austin,^[27] St. Louis ('75),^[14] Hartford^[28] and Los Angeles('74); where consent decrees forced ‘quotas’^[29] to be imposed in hiring firefighters to mostly white depts. due to a lack of political capital to properly integrate them. This political isolation of blacks during the era of fiscal austerity in the 70’s was a direct cause of the elimination of the gains made in fire service up ‘til then by blacks and minorities. As the consent decrees were implemented, fiscal cutbacks forced those last hired to be fired in deference to seniority rules, prompting a new round of lawsuits. Boston suffered from the imposition of a state tax law derived from ‘Proposition 2½’^[30] which caused the elimination of some 200 black firefighters until the layoffs were reversed by funds directly acquired by the city to re-hire them. NYC used the 75’ fiscal crisis to not proceed with court-ordered hiring of black firefighters as a result of a ruling in a 1973 lawsuit^[31] filed by the Vulcan Society. Around the country various ploys to prevent blacks from being hired as firefighters were disguised as fiscal austerity to provide cover for politicians who had no allegiance to nor fear of voter backlash from the minority communities which disproportionately suffered from firehouse closings. For example, black and Puerto Rican neighborhoods in NYC saw 27 firehouses closed in the early 70’s resulting in an epidemic of building fires leading to some areas within those neighborhoods losing 80% of the housing stock, which in turn lead to overcrowding in adjacent areas followed by a diffusion of the chaos and more fires and loss of housing in those areas.^[32] This chain reaction saw social collapse and vast areas turned into urban deserts wholly lacking a normal community life. Despite the havoc the cuts had on those communities, they were never rescinded. Only minorities with no political representation were affected, effectively segregated and politically marginalized, preventing them from finding allies to oppose the reductions in service to their districts. If this seems a relic of past discrimination fights, the Aughts proved this not to be the case.^[33] With nepotism an issue the makeup of many firehouses still remains a profession passed from father to sons,^[34] barring lawsuits to force integration of minorities and women they continue to remain the same as they were in the 70's era of consent decrees.

Current Litigation

FDNY - NYC Under court ordered monitoring^[35]^[36] Currently hiring from a preferred list condensed from those minorities who passed all tests relevant to hiring and were on the 1999. 2002 and 2007 lists.

AFD - Austin, Tx Consent decree in final stage litigation^[27]^[37] Plaintiffs AAAFA decries The Department of Justice in the implementation of the decree, and the most recent rushed resolution by the city council, which is allowing local 975(AFA) to be involved in the diversity hiring process. The AAAFA being the party involved in bringing the lawsuit, argued that the Federal consent decree trumps and overrides any state code so that the AFA(Local 975) request to enjoin the discussions is deleterious to the process. To be clear, they stated before the Austin City Council, the facts are that the state does not allow Local 975 to be involved in the implementation of the consent decree, and we, the AAAFA are saying they do not need to be involved with it as well. Finally, the best AFD hiring process that had the most diversity was in 2005 (which Local 975 helped to cancel), not 2012 or 2013. The AAAFA organization's mission is the serve both Firefighters, our Department, and the Austin community.^[38] In opposition, members of the Austin Firefighters Association say they are ready to work with city leaders. “We’re the employee group, and nobody knows how to hire better firefighters than the employees themselves,” said AFA President Bob Nicks in response to the criticism. However, the judge ruled in favor of the AAAFA.^[39]