Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif

An immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM), is a conserved sequence of amino acids (S/I/V/LxYxxI/V/L) that is found in the cytoplasmic tails of many inhibitory receptors of the immune system. After ITIM-possessing inhibitory receptors interact with their ligand, their ITIM motif becomes phosphorylated by enzymes of the Src kinases, allowing them to recruit other enzymes such as the phosphotyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2, or the inositol-phosphatase called SHIP. These phosphatases decrease the activation of molecules involved in cell signaling.[1] A list of human candidate ITIM-containing proteins has been generated by proteome-wide scans. [2]


References

  1. ↑ Barrow A, Trowsdale J (2006). "You say ITAM and I say ITIM, let's call the whole thing off: the ambiguity of immunoreceptor signaling". Eur J Immunol 36 (7): 1646–53. doi:10.1002/eji.200636195. PMID 16783855.
  2. ↑ Staub E, Rosenthal A, Hinzmann B (2004). "Systematic identification of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs in the human proteome". Cell Signal 16 (4): 435–456. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2003.08.013. PMID 14709333.