Idora Park (Youngstown)
- For another park of the same name in Oakland, California, see Idora Park.
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Idora Park | |
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The Dance Hall at Idora Park, c. 1935 | |
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| Location | Sw of the jct. of McFarland and Parkview Aves., Youngstown, Ohio |
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| Coordinates | 41°4′20″N 80°41′6″W / 41.07222°N 80.68500°WCoordinates: 41°4′20″N 80°41′6″W / 41.07222°N 80.68500°W |
| Architect | Harton, T.M., Co.; Philadelphia Toboggan Co. |
| Architectural style | Colonial Revival, Moderne, Italianate |
| Governing body | Private |
| NRHP Reference # |
93000895 [1] |
| Added to NRHP | September 13, 1993 |
Idora Park (1899–1984) was a northeastern Ohio amusement park popularly known as "Youngstown's Million Dollar Playground."
Built by the Youngstown Park and Falls Street Railway Company, the park's expansion coincided with the growth of the South Side of Youngstown, Ohio, in the Fosterville neighborhood. Prior to its closure in the wake of a devastating fire, Idora Park was one of the nation's few remaining urban amusement parks.
Opening and early development
The park opened as Terminal Park on May 30, 1899, which was Decoration Day. At that point in American history, it was common for trolley parks, or amusement parks, to sprout up at the end of trolley lines to generate weekend revenue. Without an admission fee, anyone who had the money for the trolley fare could go. The park's first season presented its guests a bandstand, theater, dance pavilion, a roller coaster, a circle swing, and concession stands. By the end of 1899, it was renamed "Idora Park" as a result of a contest.[2]
When a bridge spanning the Mahoning River opened on Youngstown's Market Street on May 23, 1899, the entire South Side was unrolled for development. The trolley line linking the downtown to Idora Park ran south on Market, west on Warren, south on Hillman Street, Sherwood west to Glenwood Avenue, then cruised through Parkview Avenue (west) into the Idora terminal.
Major attractions
Primary rollercoasters: the Wild Cat and Jack Rabbit
One of the park's many attractions was a 3,000-foot (910 m) wooden roller coaster called The Wild Cat, which was built in 1929. The state-of-the-art, three-minute ride was hailed by roller coaster connoisseurs across the country. The Wild Cat was designed by Herbert Paul Schmeck, who held 100 patents for roller coaster innovations. In 1984, the Wild Cat was still ranked among the top ten roller coasters in the world.
Another famous attraction to the park was the Jack Rabbit, a wooden roller coaster built in 1910 by TM Harden. It was 70 feet (21 m) tall and 2,200 feet (670 m) long, had a ride time of two minutes and thirty seconds, and was lengthened and recountered in the 1930s. In an attempt to bring people back to the park for the 1984 season, park owners reversed the trains of the Jack Rabbit and renamed it the "Back Wabbit."
Kiddieland
The Kiddieland area was originally a concrete swimming pool. When the park was built, it included a giant swimming pool and a large bath house. A large hole was drilled into the pool to connect to an underground salt-water spring, creating the only salt-water pool in the country.[3] To address the park's space concerns, the pool was filled in during the 1950s and replaced with a children's rides section. The bath house remained a shelter and storage area.
Ballroom
The Idora Park Ballroom opened June 30, 1910. The open-air ballroom was based on one in Coney Island, New York, and was billed as the largest dance floor between New York and Chicago.[4] The hardwood-floored ballroom eventually became enclosed to allow for year-round use. Idora Park's house band played in the Ballroom until the advent of radio in the 1930s. Radio increased the level of listener sophistication, and Idora Park soon began to hire to big-name bands. The future decades brought glorious entertainment to the ballroom: dances, concerts, New Year's parties, and Presidential campaign visits from John F. Kennedy. Famous musical acts that played the Ballroom included: the Glenn Miller Orchestra, the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra, the Eagles, Ray Charles, Maynard Ferguson, Blue Öyster Cult and The Monkees.
Decline
Idora Park thrived through the decades, yet it also faced continual competition from larger state and national amusement parks. Landlocked on its 27 acres (110,000 m2), Idora had no options for expansion. As the automobile became the preferred mode of transportation, trolley lines died out, and so did many trolley parks. The primary reason Idora had survived was it had become the preferred location for ethnic, church, and company picnics. Until the steel mills closed, Youngstown had one of the highest rates of home ownership in the country.
Youngstown Sheet and Tube, one of the largest employers in the Mahoning Valley, announced the closure of one of its largest mills. The overnight loss of nearly 5,000 jobs impacted Idora Park directly. Sheet and Tube's annual picnic was the largest at Idora.
During the hardship the community was suffering, Idora Park still boasted existing rides. The Idora Park Merry-Go-Round was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. In 1976, Idora Park was named one of the nation's 100 best amusement parks in Gary Kyriazi's book, Great American Amusement Parks. By 1980, the Wild Cat and Jack Rabbit were recognized as some of the best coasters in the country.
Nonetheless, by the early 1980s, the park was a relic that also housed relics: it now housed rides from other parks, such as Euclid Beach Park in Cleveland and West View Park outside of Pittsburgh, that met their end in the 1960s and 70s.
1984 fire
A devastating fire on April 26, 1984, destroyed the Wild Cat coaster, the Lost River ride, eleven concession stands, and the park office. Employees scrambled to save park records, but only some of the most current files were pulled to safety, while older files and historical records were lost. Employees tried to extinguish the growing flames with hand extinguishers, but soon realized that the fire was out of control.
Twelve fire companies responded to the fire, which spread quickly as winds carried it across concession stands and on to the midway. Many off-duty firefighters also responded to the call to help contain flames that spread along the Wild Cat's wooden tracks and threatened the merry-go-round, which was scorched but ultimately saved from destruction.[5] Firefighters found themselves at a disadvantage with a lack of in-park hydrants, poor water pressure, and aged wooden rides and buildings. They finally tamed the blaze by running lines to hydrants outside the park.
Final damage was estimated in millions of dollars; the replacement of the Wild Cat was estimated at $1.5 million. Intense heat melted paint in various areas of the gazebo. The south horseshoe of the Wild Cat was destroyed, and the repair cost was prohibitive.
The Wild Cat was Idora's biggest attraction. The park operated through the summer of 1984, but with the premier ride gone, a decision was made to close permanently. Idora Park welcomed its last visitors on September 16, 1984.
On October 20–21, 1984, an auction was conducted by Norton Auctioneers of Coldwater, Michigan, to dispose of the rides and equipment. While a couple from New York bought the merry-go-round, the remaining coasters (Wild Cat, Jack Rabbit, Baby Wild Cat), and many other buildings (Ballroom, Kiddieland complex, French Fry stand) were abandoned.
New ownership
In 1985, Mt. Calvary Pentecostal Church in Youngstown bought the Idora property and announced plans for a religious complex, to be named the "City of God".[6] The Ballroom remained open for various events until Memorial Day 1986. The church lost the property in 1989 after accumulating more than $500,000 in debt on the land.
Deterioration
In an interview with the Youngstown Vindicator on October 16, 1984, former Idora Park owner Max Rindin was asked what would happen to the Park after it closed. “In time,” he said. “It’ll all be torched.” Gradually, his prophecy came true. Another fire at the abandoned park on May 3, 1986 destroyed the Heidelberg Gardens, Kooky Castle (haunted house), Laffin Lena's (fun house), and the Helter Skelter bumper car buildings. But until this fire, there was always a tangible reminder of Idora Park.
Over time, Mt. Calvary failed to build their religious complex, the property decayed, and it was not secured from trespassers. The former Idora Park's remaining structures were eventually vandalized, destroyed by natural elements, or succumbed to arson.
Calls for preservation
A group of preservationists got Idora Park listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993, and put together a bid to buy the property and restore it, but—at the eleventh hour—the church got the property back for a reported $300,000 mortgage.
By 1999, a local group, Conneaut Lake Park Management Group (which had taken over Conneaut Lake Park in Pennsylvania), attempted to negotiate the purchase of either the Jack Rabbit or Wild Cat from the property owners. Blueprints for both rides were still available, so they could be refurbished at Conneaut. The group also planned to purchase the complete merry-go-round from the owners in New York. These plans never came to light. The Idora Ballroom, Jack Rabbit coaster, and Wildcat coaster would remain unpreserved on the property.
2001 fire
On March 5, 2001 the final chapter to Idora Park's history was written when the Ballroom burned down. The fire reportedly started in the basement and was suspicious in nature. The Jack Rabbit and other remaining wooden structures were not destroyed by this fire. Days after the fire, an interview with the property owners stated that they "offered to allow (preservation groups) to take the roller coasters down as long as they funded it and had proper insurance and bonding".[7] However, on July 26, 2001 the Wild Cat, Jack Rabbit, and all other decaying structures (all unsalvageable) were demolished by bulldozers to prevent any future fires. City officials had asked that the coasters be removed since they were hazardous to the public. Both the Jack Rabbit and Wild Cat roller coasters were listed on the American Coaster Enthusiasts (ACE) preservation list. Inaction by the park property owners to preserve these remaining Idora Park historic structures ultimately led to their destruction. In a 2001 news conference following the Ballroom's messy asbestos cleanup, Mt. Calvary Pentecostal Church restated that: "This future complex (City of God) will only help the entire community but especially youth... hopes to break ground no later than next spring (2002). The entire project should take at least two years to complete." As of May 3, 2013, Mt. Calvary Pentecostal Church has yet to break ground on the "City of God" project.[8]
Future development possibilities
The property still belongs to Mt. Calvary Pentecostal Church. The land is now vacant of buildings and City of God project was never realized. By 2006, Mt. Calvary Church had accumulated delinquent taxes on the twelve parcels of Idora Park land totaling over $25,000. The City of Youngstown filed for foreclosure on the property September 13, 2006. Yet, according to the Warren Tribune Chronicle (Jan 8, 2007), 'The Mahoning County Common Pleas Court dismissed the delinquent tax case against the owners of the former Idora Park...The case was dismissed because one of the parties named in the suit, Teen Missions International, Inc. of Merritt Island, Fla., paid the delinquent taxes on behalf of Mt. Calvary Church. Teen Missions International helps churches and other religious organizations with financing different projects. Teen Missions has loaned nearly $1.2 million to Mount Calvary over a period of time to help develop the Idora property. Teen Missions has recently filed a new court case asking for over $1.5 million they say the Mt. Calvary Church owes them, said their attorney Charles Wilburn.'
The "Youngstown 2010" redevelopment and city revitalization plans have also stated their interest in acquiring the property to utilize it as a "green-space" extension of nearby Mill Creek Park. These plans are on hold until the city can obtain the property from the Church (possibly through eminent domain), or alternative ownership acquires the property from the Church's outstanding $1.5 million lawsuit.
A coda for the carousel
An enduring glory of Idora Park remains in its wooden merry-go-round (or "carousel," PTC #61), which was built by the Philadelphia Toboggan Company in 1922, and featured forty-eight carved horses attributed to John Zalar and Frank Carretta.
"There was an auction at Idora Park October 20–21. Mickey Rindin was running a refreshment stand at the auction, which he said was very crowded. Near the end of the auction, the auctioneers and the crowd came over to the refreshment stand and started taking bids on the equipment inside. The most poignant moment came with the auctioning of the carousel. First, bids were taken on each individual horse. Then, when each individual horse had a sale price, bids were taken for the whole carousel. The opening bid was the sum of the price for all the horses plus ten percent, which came to $385,000. A buyer was found, and a great cry went up from the crowd because the horses would stay together. 'They didn't want it to leave one horse at a time,' Rindin said." [9]
At Idora's 1984 auction, the carousel was sold to Brooklyn, New York, residents David and Jane Walentas, who purchased the thirty "jumpers," eighteen "standers," two chariots, and the band organ facade.
Walentas restored the merry-go-round over the ensuing 22 years, the culmination of which was revealed on October 13, 2006, when it was rechristened "Jane's Carousel." [10] Mrs. Walentas made it known that she wanted the carousel to be given a permanent place in Brooklyn Bridge Park, going so far as to pay a $500,000 fee for a pavilion to house it designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Jean Nouvel.[11] Opinions differ on whether the master plan for Brooklyn Bridge Park (which abuts Empire-Fulton Ferry State Park and borders the East River) can—or was ever designed to—accommodate the carousel.
On June 20, 2009, New York Governor David Paterson announced that "Jane Walentas has agreed to donate her restored 1920s carousel, along with a pavilion and $3.45 million toward landscaping and improvements to the Brooklyn Bridge Park Development Corporation. The Carousel will be located on the western edge of the Empire-Fulton Ferry State Park inside the pavilion designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Jean Nouvel. Ms. Walentas will also establish a non-profit entity, 'Friends of Jane’s Carousel,' responsible for carousel operations, expenses and revenue collection."[12]
Once the carousel was fully operational, visitors could view, and sometimes ride it in a gallery space at 65 Water Street in Brooklyn.
On September 16, 2011, after 27 years of extensive renovation, Jane's Carousel opened in its new home in Brooklyn Bridge Park. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg led the ribbon cutting ceremony. The carousel is housed in Nouvel's plexiglass "jewel box" structure. In October 2012, the carousel suffered minor water damage due to Hurricane Sandy, and the ride reopened a few months later.[13] Jane's Carousel has since been featured on Glee, in the New Yorker, and in Harper's Bazaar. [14]
Notes
- ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2009-03-13.
- ↑ It was during this time period that amusement and trolley parks saw their golden age; nearly 2000 of them operated at the turn of the century. Coney Island is the most famous trolley park, but Pittsburgh’s Kennywood Park and Youngstown’s Idora Park, which both opened on the same day, were equally as famous at that time. Trolley parks gave the illusion of commonality and all classes did indeed go.
- ↑ The American Amusement Park, by Dale Samuelson and Wendy Yegoiants
- ↑ "Beautiful Idora Ballroom Is Set For Big Opening". The Youngstown Daily Vindicator. May 19, 1933.
- ↑ The Youngstown Fire Department prevented it from catching fire by continually pouring water on the roof of the octagonal building.
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- ↑ "GOVERNOR PATERSON ANNOUNCES MAJOR STEP FOR BROOKLYN BRIDGE PARK," Official Press release, 20 June 2009. http://www.r8ny.com/node/142988
- ↑ http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/11/01/jane-s-carousel-survives-a-very-close-call-with-hurricane-sandy.html
- ↑ http://janescarousel.com/in-the-media/
Recommended reading
- Guerrieri, Vince. "Youngstown's Million Dollar Playground", The New Colonist, September 10, 2004.
- Shale, Rick. "Idora Park: Last Ride of the Summer", Amusement Park Journal publishing, May 1999.