Hylarana

Hylarana
A golden frog (Hylarana aurantiaca)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Ranidae
Subfamily: Raninae
Genus: Hylarana
Tschudi, 1838
Type species
Hyla erythraea
Schlegel, 1837
Synonyms[1]
  • Amnirana Dubois, 1992
  • Boulengerana Fei, Ye, & Jiang, 2010
  • Chalcorana Dubois, 1992
  • Hydrophylax Fitzinger, 1843
  • Hylorana Günther, 1864
  • Limnodytes Duméril and Bibron, 1841
  • Papurana Dubois, 1992
  • Pulchrana Dubois, 1992
  • Sylvirana Dubois, 1992
  • Tenuirana Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1990
  • Tylerana Dubois, 1992
  • Zoodioctes Gistel, 1848

Hylarana, commonly known as golden-backed frogs, is a widespread genus of true frogs found in tropical Africa, Asia, and Australia. It includes around 84 to 96 valid species.[2]

Taxonomy

The generic name Hylarana derives from New Latin hyle ("wood" or "forest") and rana ("frog").[2] Hylarana was previously considered to be a subgenus of the genus Rana. It was recognized as a distinct genus in 2005.[3][4] Several genera were further split from Hylarana in 2006, but are now treated again as junior synonyms of Hylarana.[1]

Hylarana belongs to the subfamily Raninae of the true frog family Ranidae.[1]

Description

Hylarana are small to large-sized frogs. Males have an average snout-vent length of 27 to 85 mm (1.1 to 3.3 in), while females range from 38 to 92 mm (1.5 to 3.6 in). The nares (nostrils) are oval in shape and covered by a flap of skin. The tympanum is visible but is not covered by a supratympanic fold. Vomerine teeth and a pineal ocellus (parietal eye) are present. The toes are webbed, but the fingers are not.[2]

Distribution

Species of Hylarana are found from Sri Lanka to the Western Ghats of India, through Nepal and southern China and Taiwan, down to Southeast Asia to the Philippines and Papua New Guinea, and in Northern Australia. They are also found in tropical Africa.[4]

Species

Hylarana currently contains around 84 to 96 valid species, they are:[2][1][4][5]

Hylarana aurantiaca
Hylarana guentheri
Hylarana latouchii
Hylarana malabarica
Hylarana macrodactyla
Hylarana moellendorffi
Hylarana mortenseni
Hylarana nigrovittata
Hylarana taipehensis

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hylarana.
Wikispecies has information related to: Hylarana


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Darrel Frost and the American Museum of Natural History. "Hylarana Tschudi, 1838". Amphibian Species of the World 5.5, an Online Reference.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 S.D. Biju, Sonali Garg, Stephen Mahony, Nayana Wijayathilaka, Gayani Senevirathne, Madhava Meegaskumbura (2014). "DNA barcoding, phylogeny and systematics of Golden-backed frogs (Hylarana, Ranidae) of the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspoty, with the description of severn new species". Contributions to Zoology 83 (4): 269–335.
  3. ↑ Liqiao Chen, Robert W. Murphy, Amy Lathrop, Andre Ngo, Nikolai L. Orlov, Cuc Tho Ho, & Ildiko L. M. Somorjai (2005). "Taxonomic Chaos in Asian Ranid Frogs: An Initial Phylogenetic Resolution". Herpetological Journal 15: 231–243. ISSN 1175-5334.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Anna Gawor, Ralf Hendrix, Miguel Vences, Wolfgang Böhme, & Thomas Ziegler (2009). "Larval morphology in four species of Hylarana from Vietnam and Thailand with comments on the taxonomy of H. nigrovittata sensu lato (Anura: Ranidae)". Zootaxa (Magnola Press) 2051: 1–25. ISSN 1175-5334.
  5. ↑ Ramlah Zainudin, Mustafa A. Rahman, Badrul Munir M. Zain, M.N. Shukor, R.F. Inger, & A. Norhayati (2010). "Mating Calls Description of Five Species of Frogs from the Genus Hylarana Tschudi 1838 (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from Sarawak, Malaysia". Sains Malaysiana 39 (3): 363–369.