Hokkaido proportional representation block
The Hokkaido proportional representation block (比例[代表]北海道ブロック, Hirei [daihyō] Hokkaidō burokku) is one of eleven proportional representation (PR) blocks for the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It consists of Hokkaidō and is one of two PR blocks that covers only one prefecture, the other is Tokyo. Following the introduction of proportional voting it elected nine representatives in the election of 1996. Since 2000 the Hokkaidō PR block is represented by eight representatives.
Summary of results
With eight seats, Hokkaidō is the second smallest PR block (Shikoku has only six seats), and the vote share needed to gain a seat is usually above ten percent. In 2000, when the combined vote of the two major parties reached a low of 56.8%, the Social Democratic Party managed to obtain a seat with only 8.9% of the vote (for a detailed explanation, see D'Hondt method).
In addition to the five national parties that emerged from the party realignments of the 1990s, the regionalist one-man party New Party Daichi has become a contender for PR seats in Hokkaidō. In all three elections it fielded candidates, it managed to obtain the third largest vote share and one seat.
| general election | DPJ | LDP | Kōmeitō | JCP | SDP | NPD | NFP ('96)/LP ('00)/ TPJ ('12) |
JRP | Others | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |
| 1996 | 835,042 | 31.8 | 3 | 740,677 | 28.2 | 3 | – | 396,923 | 15.1 | 1 | – | – | 552,847 | 21.1 | 2 | – | 100,807 | 3.8 | 0 | ||||||||
| 2000 | 898,678 | 31.2 | 3 | 735,318 | 25.6 | 2 | 368,198 | 12.8 | 1 | 365,061 | 12.7 | 1 | 255,319 | 8.9 | 1 | – | 236,301 | 8.2 | 0 | – | 17,987 | 0.6 | 0 | ||||
| 2003 | 1,153,471 | 40.8 | 4 | 876,653 | 31.0 | 3 | 394,843 | 14.0 | 1 | 253,442 | 9.0 | 0 | 147,146 | 5.2 | 0 | – | – | – | – | ||||||||
| 2005 | 1,090,727 | 33.8 | 3 | 940,705 | 29.1 | 3 | 368,552 | 11.4 | 1 | 241,371 | 7.5 | 0 | 152,646 | 4.7 | 0 | 433,938 | 13.4 | 1 | – | – | – | ||||||
| 2009 | 1,348,318 | 40.6 | 4 | 805,895 | 24.2 | 2 | 354,886 | 10.7 | 1 | 241,345 | 7.3 | 0 | 113,562 | 3.4 | 0 | 433,122 | 13.0 | 1 | – | – | 27,675 | 0.8 | 0 | ||||
| 2012 | 477,356 | 18.2 | 2 | 692,304 | 26.4 | 3 | 289,011 | 11.0 | 1 | 182,968 | 7.0 | 0 | 48,351 | 1.8 | 0 | 346,848 | 13.2 | 1 | 81,838 | 3.1 | 0 | 333,760 | 12.7 | 1 | 166,028 | 6.3 | 0 |
Party names are abbreviated as follows (format: abbreviation, translated name, Japanese name, Engrish name):
- DPJ "Democratic Party", Minshutō, Democratic Party of Japan
- LDP Liberal Democratic Party, Jiyūminshutō
- Kōmeitō "Justice Party", Kōmeitō, New Justice Party Party
- JCP Japanese Communist Party, Nihon Kyōsantō
- SDP Social Democratic Party, Shakaiminshutō
- NFP New Frontier Party, Shinshintō
- LP Liberal Party, Jiyūtō
- HRP Happiness Realization Party, Kōfuku-jitsugen-tō
- Honshitsu "New Party 'The Essential'", Shintō Honshitsu
List of Representatives
Note: Party affiliations as of election day.
| Years | Elected Representatives | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996– | Kenji Kodama | Seiichi Ikehata | Kenji Nakazawa | Seiichi Kaneda | Toshiyuki Wanibuchi | Kaori Maruya | Muneo Suzuki | Takamori Yoshikawa | Kōkō Satō |
| 2000– | Kenji Kodama | Keiko Yamauchi | Kenji Nakazawa | Seiichi Kaneda | Wakio Mitsui | Kaori Maruya | Muneo Suzuki | Hirofumi Iwakura | – |
| 2003– | Hidenori Sasaki | Chiyomi Kobayashi | Hiroko Nakano | Kenkō Matsuki | Kaori Maruya | Eikō Kaneta | Gaku Ishizaki | Takafumi Yamashita | |
| 2005– | Seiji Ōsaka | Satoshi Arai resigned 2007 Tomohiro Ishikawa | Kenkō Matsuki | Muneo Suzuki | Kaori Maruya | Yukari Iijima | Hiroshi Imazu | Takamori Yoshikawa | |
| 2009– | Hiroko Nakano | Maya Yamazaki | Tatsumaru Yamaoka | Hitomi Kudō | Muneo Suzuki arrested 2010 Takahiro Asano |
Hisashi Inatsu | Tsutomu Takebe | Nobutaka Machimura resigned 2010 Hiroshi Imazu | |
| 2012– | Takahiro Yokomichi | Satoshi Arai | Tomohiro Ishikawa resigned 2013 Takako Suzuki |
Miho Takahashi | Hidemichi Satō | Kōichi Watanabe | Seiichi Shimizu | Shigeaki Katsunuma | |
Recent results
2012
- #: List rank assigned by the party
- District column: For double candidates who concurrently ran in a single-member electoral district, the district column contains the electoral district where they stood and the sekihairitsu (lit. "narrow defeat ratio"), the ratio of margin of defeat. It determines the ranking of candidates who are put on the same list rank by their party.
- (in parentheses): Double candidates who are not eligible for election in the proportional block either because they won their district races or were disqualified (for having received less than 10% of the vote in the district race)
| # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP: 692,304 votes (26.4%), 3 seats | DPJ: 477,356 votes (18.2%), 2 seats | NPD: 346,848 votes (13.2%), 1 seat | |||||||||
| 1 | Kōichi Watanabe | – | Elected | 1 | Takahiro Yokomichi | Hokkaidō 1 (92.9%) | Elected | 1 | Tomohiro Ishikawa | Hokkaidō 11 (80.8%) | Elected Resigned in 2013 |
| 2 | (Toshifumi Funahashi) | Hokkaidō 1 (won) | Satoshi Arai | Hokkaidō 3 (73.1%) | Elected | Takako Suzuki | Hokkaidō 7 (69.9%) | Elected in 2013 | |||
| (Takamori Yoshikawa) | Hokkaidō 2 (won) | Seiji Ōsaka | Hokkaidō 8 (71.7%) | Kenkō Matsuki | Hokkaidō 12 (58.0%) | ||||||
| (Hirohisa Takagi) | Hokkaidō 3 (won) | Tadamasa Kodaira | Hokkaidō 10 (71.6%) | Hiroyasu Shimizu | Hokkaidō 1 (52.1%) | ||||||
| (Hiroyuki Nakamura) | Hokkaidō 4 (won) | Takahiro Sasaki | Hokkaidō 6 (67.2%) | Takahiro Asano | Hokkaidō 10 (45.2%) | ||||||
| (Nobutaka Machimura) | Hokkaidō 5 (won) | Yoshio Hachiro | Hokkaidō 4 (66.8%) | Junko Machikawa | Hokkaidō 3 (35.1%) | ||||||
| (Hiroshi Imazu) | Hokkaidō 6 (won) | Wakio Mitsui | Hokkaidō 2 (66.4%) | Hideto Tomabechi | Hokkaidō 4 (32.3%) | ||||||
| (Yoshitaka Itō) | Hokkaidō 7 (won) | Shigeyuki Nakamae | Hokkaidō 5 (53.7%) | JRP: 333,760 votes (12.7%), 1 seat | |||||||
| (Kazuo Maeda) | Hokkaidō 8 (won) | Tatsumaru Yamaoka | Hokkaidō 9 (50.8%) | 1 | Miho Takahashi | Hokkaidō 2 (56.4%) | Elected | ||||
| (Manabu Horii) | Hokkaidō 9 (won) | Hiroko Nakano | Hokkaidō 7 (29.4%) | Tomokazu Ōtake | Hokkaidō 1 (54.2%) | ||||||
| (Yūko Nakagawa) | Hokkaidō 11 (won) | Maya Yamazaki | Hokkaidō 12 (27.9%) | Yasufumi Kowada | Hokkaidō 3 (40.6%) | ||||||
| (Arata Takebe) | Hokkaidō 12 (won) | NK: 289,011 votes (11.0%), 1 seat | 4 | Chitoku Yonenaga | – | ||||||
| 13 | Seiichi Shimizu | – | Elected | 1 | Hidemichi Satō | – | Elected | JCP: 182,968 votes (7.0%), no seat | |||
| 14 | Shigeaki Katsunuma | – | Elected | 2 | Hisayuki Takeda | – | 1 | Kazuya Hatayama | – | – | |
| 15 | Atsuko Ōkoshi | – | YP: 155,522 votes (5.9%), no seat | 2 | (Hiroyuki Norota) | Hokkaidō 1 (22.5%) | DQ | ||||
| TPJ: 81,838 votes (3.1%), no seat | 1 | Takanobu Azuma | Hokkaidō 6 (47.2%) | – | SDP: 48,351 votes (1.8%), no seat | ||||||
| 1 | Mika Kitade | Hokkaidō 8 (23.9%) | – | Yūji Nishida | Hokkaidō 5 (31.9%) | – | 1 | Takao Asano | – | – | |
| HRP: 10,506 votes (0.4%), no seat | Ryūji Sawada | Hokkaidō 2 (29.4%) | – | ||||||||
| 1 | Ichirō Kojima | – | – | ||||||||
| 2 | Kenjirō Sumi | – | – | ||||||||
2009
| LDP: 805,895 votes (24.2%), 2 seats | DPJ: 1,348,318 votes (40.6%), 4 seats | Kōmeitō: 354,886 votes (10.7%), 1 seat | ||||||||||||
| # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" (sekihairitsu) | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tsutomu Takebe | Hokkaidō 12 | 88.6% | Elected | 1 | Hiroko Nakano | Hokkaidō 7 | 99.0% | Elected | 1 | Hisashi Inatsu | PR only | Elected | |
| Nobutaka Machimura | Hokkaidō 5 | 82.7% | Elected | Takahiro Yokomichi | Hokkaidō 1 | Won district | 2 | Hisayuki Takeda | – | |||||
| Yoshitaka Itō | Hokkaidō 7 | Won district | Wakio Mitsui | Hokkaidō 2 | Won district | NPD: 433,122 votes (13.0%), 1 seat | ||||||||
| Shōichi Nakagawa | Hokkaidō 11 | 75.6% | – (died) | Gaku Ishizaki | Hokkaidō 3 | Won district | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | |||
| Hiroshi Imazu | Hokkaidō 6 | 68.2% | – (in 2010) | Yoshio Hachiro | Hokkaidō 4 | Won district | 1 | Muneo Suzuki | PR only | Elected | ||||
| Gaku Hasegawa | Hokkaidō 1 | 67.8% | – | Chiyomi Kobayashi | Hokkaidō 5 | Won district | 2 | Eita Yashiro | – (DQ) | |||||
| Gaku Ishizaki | Hokkaidō 3 | 60.6% | – | Takahiro Sasaki | Hokkaidō 6 | Won district | 3 | Takahiro Asano | – (in 2010) | |||||
| Takamori Yoshikawa | Hokkaidō 2 | 56.7% | – | Seiji Ōsaka | Hokkaidō 8 | Won district | 4 | Junko HANA | – | |||||
| Yukari Iijima | Hokkaidō 10 | 55.9% | – | Tadamasa Kodaira | Hokkaidō 10 | Won district | JCP: 241,345 votes (7.3%), no seat | |||||||
| Tōru Miyamoto | Hokkaidō 4 | 50.1% | – | Shōichi Nakagawa | Hokkaidō 11 | Won district | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | |||
| Satoshi Kawabata | Hokkaidō 9 | 39.2% | – | Tsutomu Takebe | Hokkaidō 12 | Won district | 1 | Satoshi Miyauchi | PR only | – | ||||
| Keishirō Fukushima | Hokkaidō 8 | 33.9% | – | 12 | Maya Yamazaki | PR only | Elected | 2 | Chiharu Oka | Hokkaidō 2 | 16.6% | – | ||
| 13 | Takahiro Anada | PR only | – | 13 | Tatsumaru Yamaoka | Elected | Kazutoshi Ogiu | Hokkaidō 6 | 10.1% | – | ||||
| 14 | Shin'ya Numazawa | – | 14 | Hitomi Kudō | Elected | Akiko Satō | Hokkaidō 9 | 10.0% | – | |||||
| 15 | Fumitaka Uechi | – | 15 | Masanori Sekifuji | – | Yukari Watanabe | Hokkaidō 1 | 9.3% | – | |||||
| SDP: 113,562 votes (3.4%), no seat | HRP: 20,276 votes (0.6%), no seat | Honshitsu: 7,399 votes (0.2%), no seat | ||||||||||||
| # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected |
| 1 | Taka Yamaguchi | PR only | – | 1 | Naofumi Satō | PR only | – | 1 | Hidemitsu Sano | PR only | – | |||
| 2 | Yumi Honda | Hokkaidō 2 | 8.7% | – | 2 | Tomoo Kobayashi | – | 2 | Akiko Hondō | – | ||||
References
- Heartbeats Corp., The Senkyo: Results of general and by-elections for the House of Representatives since 1890
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