History of tropical cyclone-spawned tornadoes
This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Intense tropical cyclones usually produce tornadoes, the majority of those weak, especially upon landfall.
List of tornadoes
These are the tropical cyclones that are known to have spawned tornadoes. The list is most complete for the U.S., but does include other areas. Within the United States 1,163 tornadoes were associated with tropical cyclones,[1] accounting for slightly under 6% of all tornadoes.
Pre–1900
| Tropical cyclone |
Date of (first) tornado |
Tornadoes |
Area affected |
Notes |
| unnamed | September 10, 1811 | 1 | SC | |
| unnamed | June 30, 1814 | 1 | SC | Killer waterspout never reached land |
| unnamed | September 10, 1882 | *3 | FL | |
| unnamed | October 4, 1885 | *1 | NJ | |
| unnamed | October 11, 1885 | *1 | FL | |
| unnamed | July 6, 1891 | *4 | LA, MS | |
| unnamed | September 13, 1892 | *4 | NC, SC | |
| 1893 Sea Islands hurricane | August 28, 1893 | *1 | NC | |
| unnamed | September 7, 1893 | *1 | LA | |
| unnamed | October 4, 1899 | *1 | GA | |
|
1900–19
| Tropical cyclone |
Date of (first) tornado |
Tornadoes |
Area affected |
Notes |
| unnamed | September 7, 1900 | *2 | GA | |
| unnamed | September 4, 1915 | *2 | GA, VA | |
| unnamed | July 6, 1916 | *11 | GA, AL, MS | |
| unnamed | July 15, 1916 | *1 | SC | |
| unnamed | October 18, 1916 | *4 | AL | |
| unnamed | October 29, 1917 | *4 | SC. VA | |
| 1919 Florida Keys hurricane | September 10, 1919 | *1 | FL | |
| 1919 Florida Keys hurricane | September 15, 1919 | 2 | TX, NM | |
|
1920–39
| Tropical cyclone |
Date of (first) tornado |
Tornadoes |
Area affected |
Notes |
| unnamed | September 9, 1921 | *6 | TX | |
| unnamed | August 10, 1928 | *5 | SC | |
| unnamed | August 15, 1928 | *4 | SC, NC | |
| unnamed | September 28, 1929 | *6 | FL, SC | |
| unnamed | September 6, 1933 | 1 | SC | |
| unnamed | October 4, 1933 | *2 | FL | |
| unnamed | July 24, 1934 | *8 | TX | |
| 1935 Labor Day hurricane | September 4, 1935 | *13 | SC, NC, VA, MD | |
| unnamed | August 15, 1938 | *1 | LA | |
|
1940–59
| Tropical cyclone |
Date of (first) tornado |
Tornadoes |
Area affected |
Notes |
| unnamed | August 10, 1940 | 2 | SC | |
| unnamed | October 20, 1941 | *2 | FL | |
| unnamed | October 18, 1944 | 3 | FL | |
| unnamed | August 27, 1945 | *2 | TX | |
| unnamed | September 17, 1945 | *1 | SC | |
| unnamed | September 19, 1947 | *1 | FL | |
| unnamed | October 11, 1947 | *4 | FL | |
| unnamed | September 4, 1948 | 1 | GA, FL | |
| unnamed | September 21, 1948 | *1 | FL | |
| unnamed | October 5, 1948 | *3 | FL | |
| unnamed | August 28, 1949 | *4 | NC | |
| unnamed | October 3, 1949 | 1 | TX | |
| Hurricane Baker | August 13, 1950 | 2 | FL | |
| Hurricane Able | August 31, 1952 | *3 | VA, NC, MD | |
| Hurricane Connie | August 10, 1955 | *4 | SC, NC, DE | |
| Hurricane Diane | August 19, 1955 | *1 | PA | |
| Hurricane Flossy | September 24, 1956 | *5 | FL, GA, SC | |
| Hurricane Audrey | June 27, 1957 | *21 | MS, AL, LA, TN | |
| Hurricane Cindy | July 10, 1959 | 11 | NC, VA, MD, GA | |
| Hurricane Debra | July 24, 1959 | 5 | OK, TX | |
| Hurricane Gracie | September 29, 1959 | *7 | SC, NC, VA, PA | |
| Hurricane Judith | October 17, 1959 | 1 | FL | |
|
1960–79
| Tropical cyclone |
Date of (first) tornado |
Tornadoes |
Area affected |
Notes |
| Hurricane Donna | September 10, 1960 | *5 | VA, NC, SC | |
| Hurricane Ethel | September 15, 1960 | *6 | FL, AL | |
| Hurricane Carla | September 10, 1961 | *20 | TX, LA, OK, AR | F4 killed 8 in Galveston, TX vicinity; strongest hurricane-spawned tornado |
| Hurricane Cleo | August 27, 1964 | *17 | FL, SC, VA, NC | |
| Hurricane Dora | September 12, 1964 | 3 | SC, NC | |
| Hurricane Hilda | October 3, 1964 | *10 | LA, MS, AL, NC | Deadliest tropical cyclone spawned tornado killed 22 at Larose, LA |
| Hurricane Isbell | October 14, 1964 | *9 | FL | |
| Hurricane Betsy | September 8, 1965 | *6 | FL, AL, MS | |
| Hurricane Alma | June 8, 1966 | 5 | FL, MS | |
| Hurricane Inez | October 4, 1966 | 2 | FL | |
| Hurricane Beulah | September 20, 1967 | *115+ | TX, Mexico | |
| Hurricane Abby | June 7, 1968 | 4 | NC | |
| Hurricane Gladys | October 17, 1968 | 2 | FL | |
| Hurricane Camille | August 17, 1969 | 2 | FL | |
| Hurricane Celia | August 31, 1970 | 9 | TX | |
| Hurricane Edith | September 16, 1971 | *16 | LA, AL, MS | |
| Hurricane Fern | September 10, 1971 | 5 | TX | |
| Hurricane Agnes | June 18, 1972 | *17 | FL, GA | 1972 Hurricane Agnes tornado outbreak |
| Hurricane Carmen | September 8, 1974 | 4 | LA | |
| Hurricane Eloise | September 23, 1975 | 5 | GA, FL | |
| Hurricane Babe | September 5, 1977 | *14 | LA, SC, MS, AL | |
| Hurricane David | September 3, 1979 | *34 | FL, MD, VA, PA, DE | |
| Hurricane Frederic | September 12, 1979 | 10 | AL, GA, FL | |
|
1980–99
| Tropical cyclone |
Date of (first) tornado |
Tornadoes |
Area affected |
Notes |
| Hurricane Allen | August 9, 1980 | *29 | TX | Costliest tropical cyclone–related tornado in history struck Austin, TX vicinity inflicting $100 million in damages |
| T. D. #2 | June 5, 1981 | 9[2] | LA, TX | |
| Hurricane Dennis | August 17, 1981 | 2 | FL | |
| T. D. #8 | August 31, 1981 | 14[3] | TX | |
| Hurricane Alicia | August 17, 1983 | *22 | TX | |
| Hurricane Diana | September 5, 1984 | 1 | FL | |
| Hurricane Danny | August 15, 1985 | *39 | LA, MS, TN, AL, SC, GA | |
| Hurricane Elena | August 31, 1985 | 10 | FL | |
| Hurricane Gloria | September 27, 1985 | 2 | NJ, MA | |
| Hurricane Juan | October 28, 1985 | 11 | FL, AL, MS | |
| Hurricane Bonnie | June 27, 1986 | 5 | LA | |
| Hurricane Gilbert | September 16, 1988 | *29+ | TX, Mexico | |
| Hurricane Chantal | August 1, 1989 | 4 | TX | |
| Hurricane Hugo | September 22, 1989 | 3 | SC, NC | |
| Hurricane Jerry | October 15, 1989 | 5 | TX | |
| Hurricane Bob | August 18, 1991 | 5 | NC, NY | |
| Tropical Storm Beryl (1994) | August 16-17, 1994 | 37 | Carolinas, Georgia, Mid Atlantic | |
| Hurricane Georges | September 1998 | 47 | AL, GA, FL | Hurricane Georges tornado outbreak |
| Hurricane Floyd | September 16, 1999 | 14+[4] | NC | |
|
2000–10
| Tropical cyclone |
Outbreak dates |
Tornadoes |
Location of tornado(es) |
References |
| Hurricane Gordon | September 16, 2000 | 11 | FL, NC, SC | |
| Tropical Storm Helene | September 22, 2000 | 13 | FL, GA, SC | |
| Hurricane Keith | October 6, 2000 | 1 | TX | |
| Tropical Storm Allison | June 11, 2001 | 28 | FL, AL, GA, LA, MS, SC, VA, MA, ME, TX | |
| Tropical Storm Barry | August 2, 2001 | 5 | FL, MS, MO | |
| Tropical Storm Gabrielle | September 13, 2001 | 18 | FL | |
| Hurricane Michelle | November 5, 2001 | 5 | FL | |
| Tropical Storm Fay | September 6, 2002 | 11 | TX | |
| Hurricane Gustav | September 10, 2002 | 1 | NC | |
| Tropical Storm Hanna | September 14, 2002 | 2 | AL, GA | |
| Hurricane Isidore | September 25, 2002 | 10 | AL, FL, LA | |
| Hurricane Lili | October 3, 2002 | 26 | AL, MS, LA, KY | |
| Hurricane Kyle | October 8, 2002 | 8 | SC, NC | |
| Hurricane Charley | August 13, 2004 | 16 | FL, NC, VA | |
| Hurricane Gaston | August 29, 2004 | 33 | | |
| Hurricane Frances | September 4-8, 2004 | 103* | FL, GA, SC, NC, VA | |
| Hurricane Ivan | September 16, 2004 | 117* | VA, GA, FL, PA, AL, SC, MD, NC, WV | |
| Tropical Storm Arlene | June 11, 2005 | 3 | Florida, Indiana | [1] |
| Hurricane Cindy | July 5, 2005 | 48 | North Carolina Alabama, VA, Georgia, MS, South Carolina, LA, MD | [1] |
| Hurricane Dennis | July 10, 2005 | 10 | Florida and Georgia | [5] |
| Hurricane Emily | July 20, 2005 | 11 | Texas | [5] |
| Hurricane Katrina | August 25, 2005 | 59 | United States Gulf Coast | [1] |
| Hurricane Rita | September 24, 2005 | 98 | United States Gulf Coast | [1][5] |
| Tropical Storm Tammy | October 6, 2005 | 1 | Georgia, United States | [5] |
| Hurricane Wilma | October 24, 2005 | 8 | Florida | [5] |
| Tropical Storm Alberto | June 12, 2006 | 17 | Southeastern United States | [1] |
| Hurricane Ernesto | August 24, 2006 | 5 | Florida and North Carolina, United States | [6] |
| Tropical Storm Barry | June 1–2, 2007 | 4 | Cuba, Florida, United States | [7][8] |
| Tropical Storm Erin | August 16, 2007 | 7 | Texas and Oklahoma, United States | [7] |
| Hurricane Humberto | September 12, 2007 | 1 | Louisiana, United States | [1] |
| Tropical Depression Ten | September 20, 2007 | 2 | Florida, United States | [7] |
| Tropical Storm Olga | December 16, 2007 | 2 | Florida, United States | [1][7] |
| Hurricane Dolly | July 23–24, 2008 | 6 | Texas, United States | [1][9] |
| Tropical Storm Fay | August 18–27, 2008 | 50 | South-eastern United States | [9] |
| Hurricane Gustav | August 31, 2008 | 49 | United States Gulf Coast | [9] |
| Hurricane Hanna | September 6, 2008 | 1 | Pennsylvania | [9] |
| Hurricane Ike | September 9, 2008 | 33 | United States Gulf Coast | [1][9] |
2010–2015
| Tropical cyclone |
Outbreak dates |
Tornadoes |
Location of tornado(es) |
References |
| Hurricane Alex | June 30 – July 2, 2010 | 11 | Texas, United States | [1][10] |
| Tropical Storm Hermine | September 7–9, 2010 | 13 | Southern United States | [1] |
| Cyclone Carlos | February 22, 2011 | 1 | Karratha, Australia | [11] |
| Tropical Storm Arlene | June 30, 2011 | 1 | Texas, United States | [12] |
| Hurricane Irene | August 26, 2011 | 9 | United States East Coast | [1] |
| Tropical Storm Lee | September 3–7, 2011 | 46 | Southeastern United States | [13] |
| Hurricane Rina | October 29, 2011 | 2 | Florida, United States | [1] |
| Tropical Storm Beryl | May 28–30, 2012 | 4 | Southeastern United States | [14] |
| Tropical Storm Debby | June 23–27, 2012 | 24 | Florida, United States | [15] |
| Hurricane Isaac | August 21 – September 1, 2012 | 26 | Southeastern, Midwestern, and Eastern United States | [16] |
| Typhoon Sanba (Karen) | September 18, 2012 | 10 !Several | Japan | [17] |
| Hurricane Sandy | October 28, 2012 | 1 | Bermuda | [18] |
| Cyclone Oswald | January 17–29, 2013 | 10 !Several | Queensland, Australia | [19] |
| And !Tropical Storm Andrea | June 5–7, 2013 | 16 | Cuba, Florida, and North Carolina, United States | [20] |
| Beb !Tropical Storm Bebinca (Fabian) | 130620 !June 20, 2013 | 7000200000000000000♠2 | Palawan and Occidental Mindoro, Philippines | [21] |
| Rum !Severe Tropical Storm Rumbia (Gorio) | 130629 !June 29, 2013 | 7000100000000000000♠1 | Quezon, Philippines | [22] |
| Tor !Severe Tropical Storm Toraji | 130902 !September 4, 2013 | 7000300000000000000♠3 | Japan | [23][24] |
| Man !Typhoon Man-yi | 130915 !September 15–16, 2013 | 7001100000000000000♠10 | Japan | [23][25] |
| Man !Typhoon Man-yi | 130915 !September 15–16, 2013 | 7001100000000000000♠10 | Japan | [26] |
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Edwards, Roger et al. "Tropical cyclone tornado data set" (XLS). Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved 2012-01-24.
- ↑ United Press International. Thunderstorms Pound Gulf Coast. Retrieved on 2008-05-13.
- ↑ David M. Roth. Tropical Depression Eight – August 27 – September 1, 1981. Retrieved on 2008-05-12.
- ↑ Richard J. Pasch, Todd B. Kimberlain and Stacy R. Stewart. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Floyd 7 – 17 September, 1999. Retrieved on 2008-05-31.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Beven, John L; Avila, Lixion A; Blake, Eric S; Brown, Daniel P; Franklin, James L; Knabb, Richard D; Pasch, Richard J; Rhome, Jamie R; Stewart, Stacy R (March 1, 2008). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 136 (3): 1109–1173. doi:10.1175/2007MWR2074.1. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 25, 2010. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ↑ Franklin, James L; Brown, Daniel P (2007). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2006". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 137 (3): 1174–1200. doi:10.1175/2007MWR2377.1. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 15, 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Brennan, Michael J; Knabb, Richard J; Mainelli, Michelle; Kimberlain, Todd B (2009). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2007". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 138 (5): 4061–4088. doi:10.1175/2009MWR2995.1. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 15, 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Instituto de Meteorología (April 7, 2008). Member Report: Cuba: Summary of the 2007 Hurricane Season In Cuba. RA IV Hurricane Committee. World Meteorological Organization. p. 1. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Brown, Daniel P; Beven, John L; Franklin, James L; Blake, Eric S (May 1, 2010). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2008". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 138 (5): 1975–2001. doi:10.1175/2009MWR3174.1. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ↑ Pasch, Richard J (December 15, 2010). Hurricane Alex: June 25 – July 2, 2010 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. p. 3. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Western Australian Regional Office. "Severe Tropical Cyclone Carlos". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on December 26, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
- ↑ Beven II, John L (August 8, 2012). Tropical Storm Arlene: June 28 – July 1, 2011 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. p. 2. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Brown, Daniel P (December 15, 2011). Tropical Storm Lee (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. pp. 4–5. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Beven II, John L; National Hurricane Center (December 12, 2012). Tropical Storm Beryl: May 20 – 26, 2012 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. p. 4. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Kimberlain, Todd B (January 7, 2013). Tropical Storm Debby: June 23 – 27, 2012 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. p. 4. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Berg, Robert J; National Hurricane Center (January 28, 2013). Hurricane Issac: August 21 – September 1, 2012 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. p. 8. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Japan Meteorological Agency (November 22, 2012). Member Report: Japan. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee: 7th Integrated Workshop. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. pp. 9–10. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 4, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Blake, Eric S; Kimberlain, Todd B; Berg, Robert J; Cangialosi, John P; Beven II, John L (February 12, 2013). Hurricane Sandy: October 22 – 29, 2012 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. p. 14. Archived from the original on February 17, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Queensland Regional Office (February 2013). Tropical Cyclone Oswald (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on February 6, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ Beven II, John L (August 22, 2013). Tropical Storm Andrea: June 5 – 7, 2013 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. pp. 4–5. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ "Effects of Tropical Depression "Fabian" in Region IV-B" (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. June 22, 2013. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
- ↑ "SitRep No.9 re Preparedness Measures and Effects of Tropical Storm "Gorio"" (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. July 1, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Japan Meteorological Agency (November 22, 2013). Member Report: Japan. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee: 8th Integrated Workshop/2nd TRCG Forum. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 26, 2013. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ↑ 平成25年9月2日からの突風及び大雨による被害状況等について（最終報） [Damage situation due heavy rain and wind gusts from the September 2, 2013 (Final Report)] (PDF) (Report) (in Japanese). Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency. Archived from the original on December 26, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
- ↑ 台風第１８号による被害状況等について（第１１報） [Damage status, etc. according to 18 Typhoon (Report 11)] (PDF) (Report) (in Japanese). Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency. October 7, 2013. Archived from the original on December 21, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
- ↑ Japan Meteorological Agency (January 4, 2015). Japan (PDF). ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee 9th Integrated Workshop October 20 – 23, 2014 (Member Report). Archived from the original on April 18, 2015. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
Further reading
- Grazulis, Thomas P. (1993). Significant Tornadoes 1680–1991: A Chronology and Analysis of Events. St. Johnsbury, Vermont: The Tornado Project of Environmental Films. ISBN 1-879362-03-1.
- Schultz, Lori A.; D.J. Cecil (Oct 2009). "Tropical Cyclone Tornadoes, 1950–2007". Mon. Wea. Rev. 137 (10): 3471–84. Bibcode:2009MWRv..137.3471S. doi:10.1175/2009MWR2896.1.
- Edwards, Roger (2010). "Tropical cyclone tornado records for the modernized National Weather Service era". 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms. Denver, CO: American Meteorological Society.
- Verbout, S. M.; D. M. Schultz; L. M. Leslie; H. E. Brooks; D. J. Karoly; K. L. Elmore (2007). "Tornado outbreaks associated with landfalling hurricanes in the north Atlantic Basin: 1954–2004". Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 97 (1–4): 255–71. Bibcode:2007MAP....97..255V. doi:10.1007/s00703-006-0256-x.
- Verbout, Stephanie M.; L.M. Leslie, H.E. Brooks, D.M. Schultz, D.J. Karoly (2005). "Tornado outbreaks associated with land-falling tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Basin". 6th Conf. Coastal Atmospheric and Oceanic Prediction and Processes. San Diego, CA: American Meteorological Society.
- Edwards, Roger (2012). "Tropical Cyclone Tornadoes: A Review of Knowledge in Research and Prediction". E-Journal of Severe Storms Meteorology 7 (6).
- Edwards, Roger (1999). "Tornado production by exiting tropical cyclones". 23rd Conf. Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology. Dallas, TX: American Meteorological Society.
External links