Hipposideros commersoni
Commerson's leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros commersoni), also known as Commerson's roundleaf bat,[1] is a species of roundleaf bat endemic to Madagascar.[2] It is named after French naturalist Philibert Commerson (1727-1773).[3] Bat populations of Africa or São Tomé and Príncipe formerly considered part of this species are now classified separately as H. gigas, H. thomensis or H. vittatus.[2]
Distribution and habitat
The species is found in forests of several types on Madagascar, including dry deciduous forest, littoral forest and gallery forest, at elevations from sea level to at least 1350 m.[1] It roosts in caves, on mature trees and in buildings.[1] While its habitat is largely intact forest, it sometimes feeds near or in villages.[1]
Biology
Commerson's leaf-nosed bat is a specialized predator of beetles.[1] It exhibits significant sexual dimorphism, with males being larger.[1] Females vary in morphology with latitude. During the winter these bats are either inactive or they migrate to different locations.[1]
Conservation
Populations are threatened by deforestation and hunting. The bats are particularly vulnerable to hunting as they emerge from roosting sites at dusk. Large harvests of them are apparently taken throughout west Madagascar wherever their roosting sites are in proximity to settlements.[1]
The species is present in a number of national parks and protected forests (Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park, Isalo National Park, Ankarafantsika National Park, Namoroka National Park, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, Ankarana Reserve, Analamerana Reserve, Amber Mountain National Park and Kirindy Mitea National Park).[1]
Hunting in west Madagascar is thought to have caused in a 20-25% population decline in that region over 15 years. However, the species is widespread across the island and appears to tolerate a degree of habitat degradation. The IUCN thus classifies it as a "near threatened" species.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 Andriafidison, D.; Cardiff, S. G.; Goodman, S. M.; Hutson, A. M.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Kofoky, A. F.; Racey, P. A.; Ranivo, J.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H.; Razafimanahaka, H. J. (2008). "Hipposideros commersoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 19 October 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Simmons, N. B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 369. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ↑ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2009-09-28). The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-0-8018-9304-9. OCLC 270129903.
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- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Infraclass: Eutheria
- Superorder: Laurasiatheria
- Order: Chiroptera
| | Anthops | |
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| Asellia |
- Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat (A. patrizii)
- Trident bat (A. tridens)
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| Aselliscus (Tate's trident- nosed bats) |
- Stoliczka's trident bat (A. stoliczkanus)
- Temminck's trident bat (A. tricuspidatus)
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| Cloeotis |
- Percival's trident bat (C. percivali)
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| Coelops |
- East Asian tailless leaf-nosed bat (C. frithii)
- Philippine tailless leaf-nosed bat (C. hirsutus)
- Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat (C. robinsoni)
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| Hipposideros (roundleaf bats) |
- Aba roundleaf bat (H. abae)
- Great roundleaf bat (H. armiger)
- Dusky Leaf-nosed Bat (H. ater)
- Benito roundleaf bat (H. beatus)
- Bicolored roundleaf bat (H. bicolor)
- Boeadi's roundleaf bat (H. boeadii)
- Short-headed roundleaf bat (H. breviceps)
- Sundevall's roundleaf bat (H. caffer)
- Spurred roundleaf bat (H. calcaratus)
- Greater roundleaf bat (H. camerunensis)
- Fawn leaf-nosed bat (H. cervinus)
- Ashy roundleaf bat (H. cineraceus)
- Commerson's roundleaf bat (H. commersoni)
- Large Mindanao roundleaf bat (H. coronatus)
- Telefomin roundleaf bat (H. corynophyllus)
- Cox's roundleaf bat (H. coxi)
- Timor roundleaf bat (H. crumeniferus)
- Short-tailed roundleaf bat (H. curtus)
- Cyclops roundleaf bat (H. cyclops)
- Makira roundleaf bat (H. demissus)
- Diadem leaf-nosed bat (H. diadema)
- Fierce roundleaf bat (H. dinops)
- Borneo roundleaf bat (H. doriae)
- Khajuria's leaf-nosed bat (H. durgadasi)
- Dayak roundleaf bat (H. dyacorum)
- Hill's roundleaf bat (H. edwardshilli)
- H. fasensis
- Sooty roundleaf bat (H. fuliginosus)
- Fulvus roundleaf bat (H. fulvus)
- Cantor's roundleaf bat (H. galeritus)
- Giant roundleaf bat (H. gigas)
- Grand roundleaf bat (H. grandis)
- Thailand roundleaf bat (H. halophyllus)
- Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (H. hypophyllus)
- Crested roundleaf bat (H. inexpectatus)
- Arnhem leaf-nosed bat (H. inornatus)
- Jones's roundleaf bat (H. jonesi)
- Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat (H. khaokhouayensis)
- Khasian Leaf-nosed Bat (H. khasiana)
- Lamotte's roundleaf bat (H. lamottei)
- Indian roundleaf bat (H. lankadiva)
- Intermediate roundleaf bat (H. larvatus)
- Large Asian roundleaf bat (H. lekaguli)
- Shield-faced roundleaf bat (H. lylei)
- Big-eared roundleaf bat (H. macrobullatus)
- Maduran leaf-nosed bat (H. madurae)
- Maggie Taylor's roundleaf bat (H. maggietaylorae)
- Aellen's roundleaf bat (H. marisae)
- Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat (H. megalotis)
- Fly River roundleaf bat (H. muscinus)
- Malayan roundleaf bat (H. nequam)
- Philippine Forest roundleaf bat (H. obscurus)
- Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat (H. orbiculus)
- Biak roundleaf bat (H. papua)
- H. parnabyi
- Peleng leaf-nosed bat (H. pelingensis)
- Pomona roundleaf bat (H. pomona)
- Pratt's roundleaf bat (H. pratti)
- Philippine pygmy roundleaf bat (H. pygmaeus)
- Ridley's leaf-nosed bat (H. ridleyi)
- Laotian leaf-nosed bat (H. rotalis)
- Noack's roundleaf bat (H. ruber)
- H. scutinares
- Semon's leaf-nosed bat (H. semoni)
- Sorensen's leaf-nosed bat (H. sorenseni)
- Schneider's leaf-nosed bat (H. speoris)
- Northern leaf-nosed bat (H. stenotis)
- Sumban leaf-nosed bat (H. sumbae)
- H. tephrus
- Saõ Tomé leaf-nosed bat (H. thomensis)
- Lesser great Leaf-nosed Bat (H. turpis)
- Striped leaf-nosed bat (H. vittatus)
- Wollaston's roundleaf bat (H. wollastoni)
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| Paracoelops |
- Vietnam leaf-nosed bat (P. megalotis)
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| Rhinonicteris |
- Orange leaf-nosed bat (R. aurantia)
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| Paratriaenops | |
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| Triaenops (triple leaf- nosed bats) |
- T. afer
- T. menamena
- T. parvus
- Persian trident bat (T. persicus)
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