Hipposideridae

Hipposideridae
Hipposideros commersoni
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Hipposideridae
Lydekker, 1891
Genera

See text.

Synonyms

The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family.[1] Nevertheless, it is most closely related to Rhinolophidae within the suborder Pteropodiformes (or Yinpterochiroptera).[2]

The Hipposideridae contain 10 living genera and more than 70 species, mostly in the widespread genus Hipposideros.[3] In addition, several fossil genera are known; the oldest fossils attributed to the family are from the middle Eocene of Europe.[4] In their 1997 Classification of Mammals, Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell proposed a division of Hipposideridae (called Rhinonycterinae in their work) into three tribes, one with two subtribes,[5] but these tribes turned out to be non-monophyletic and have been abandoned.[1] A different classification was proposed by Hand and Kirsch in 2003.[6] More recently, Petr Benda and Peter Vallo (2009) proposed a separate tribe, Triaenopini, for the genera Triaenops, Paratriaenops, and possibly Cloeotis.[7]

Genera

The genera included in Hipposideridae are (species counts only include living species):[8]

List of species

Hipposideros lankadiva in Sri Lanka
Pseudorhinolophus antiquus skull and lower jaw at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin
Colony of Hipposideros lankadiva (or perhaps Hipposideros speori) in a cave in Sri Lanka

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Simmons, 2005, p. 365
  2. ↑ Hutcheon and Kirsch, 2006
  3. ↑ Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379
  4. ↑ McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 306
  5. ↑ McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307
  6. ↑ Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3
  7. ↑ Benda and Vallo, 2009, p. 33
  8. ↑ Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379; McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307; other sources cited for specific genera
  9. ↑ Hand and Kirsch, 2003
  10. ↑ Hand and Archer, 2005
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Archer et al., 2006, p. 7
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Benda and Vallo, 2009, p. 34
  13. ↑ Ziegler, 2000, p. 652; Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3; cf. McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 305 (excluded from Rhinonycterinae)
  1. ↑ This name technically has priority over Hipposiderinae Lydekker, 1891, and some have consequently used "Rhinonycteridae" or "Rhinonycterinae" for this (sub)family; however, Hipposideridae/inae has been in common use since 1907 and is currently retained pending action by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.[1]