Hieracium lachenalii

Hieracium lachenalii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Hieracium
Species: H. lachenalii
Binomial name
Hieracium lachenalii
L.
Hieracium lachenalii distribution
Synonyms
  • Hieracium argillaceum Jordan (1849)[1]
  • Hieracium vulgatum Fries
  • Hieracium borodinianum Üksip
  • Hieracium deductum Sudre
  • Hieracium jaccardii Zahn[2]

Hieracium lachenalii also known as common hawkweed or yellow hawkweed is a woodland perennial which makes its home in fields and on roadsides.

Description

This common weed can grow and produce flowers on plants that range from 4 inches (10 centimeters) to 36 inches (1 meter) tall. The rhizome is short and stout. The broadly elliptic leaves can be up to 5 inches (12 centimeters) long and taper with teeth towards the base.[3] The flower heads have only petal-bearing ligulate (ray) florets and lack non-petal bearing tubular or disc florets (e.g. as seen in the center of the sunflower head),[4] each petal is a complete flower in itself, not lacking stamens.[5] Bracts surround the flower head; the receptacle (basal part of the flower on which the florets are attached) is flat and naked; heads tend to start together then become somewhat solitary on long leafless stems.[4] The stalks below the heads are covered with scattered, simple and gland-tipped black hairs and contain a milky substance.[5]

The pale yellow flowers are produced during all of the summer months. The fruit are dark brown achenes.[3]

Common names

Distribution and habitat

Native to most of Europe,[2] Hieracium lachenalii was introduced to Newfoundland and Quebec, to New Jersey, Minnesota,[3] and to Australia.[4] It can sometimes be found in soils that have been disturbed.[6]

Europe

Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Channel Islands, Republic of Croatia, Corsica, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Finland, Germany, Republic of Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Principality of Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Norway, Republic of Poland, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Vatican City, and various oblasts of Russia:

and its autonomous republics:

[2] and Portugal.[7]

North America

Subarctic America: Greenland.[8]

Canada: British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec.[8]

United States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin.[8]

Distribution maps of Hieracium lachenalii.

References

  1. ↑ Natural Resources Conservation Service (2007). "PLANTS Profile for Hieracium Hieracium lachenalii Common Hawkweed". The PLANTS Database. USDA, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. Retrieved 2007-12-15.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (June 5, 2007). "Details for: Hieracium lachenalii". The Euro+Med Plantbase. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 MSU Board of Trustees, Jesse L. Saylor & Network Vista, Inc. "MSUplants.com Hieracium lachenalii". http://msuplants.com/index.html''. Michigan State University Department of Horticulture. Archived from the original on 2008-02-29. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Ian Faithfull (2007-09-19). "Hawkweeds: State Prohibited Weed". Information Notes Series. Department of Primary Industries, Victoria, Australia. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Mrs. M. Grieve (1933). "Hawkweed, Wood". A Modern Herbal. Botanical.com. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  6. ↑ Paul Slichter. "Common Hawkweed". Wildflowers of the Genus Hieracium:Hawkweeds of the Columbia River Gorge. Archived from the original on 2008-02-29. Retrieved 2007-12-21. Common hawkweed may be found in disturbed soils.
  7. ↑ Joaquim Alves Gaspar. "Joaquim Alves Gaspar/Flowers". Gallery of Flowers. Retrieved 2007-12-28.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Germplasm Resources Information Network. "Taxon: Hieracium lachenalii C. C. Gmel.". (GRIN) Online Database. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved 2007-12-14.

External links