Henry Alexander Baldwin

Henry Alexander Baldwin
Known as "Harry Baldwin"
Delegate to U.S. House of Representatives from Territory of Hawaii's At-large district
In office
March 25, 1922 – March 3, 1923
Preceded by Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
Succeeded by William P. Jarrett
Personal details
Born January 12, 1871
Maui
Died October 8, 1946 (aged 75)
Pāʻia, Maui
Political party Hawaii Republican Party
Spouse(s) Ethel Frances Smith
Children Frances Hobron Baldwin

Henry Alexander Baldwin or Harry Alexander Baldwin (1871–1946) was a sugarcane plantation manager, and politician who served as Congressional Delegate to the United States House of Representatives representing the Territory of Hawaii. He was one of the earliest leaders of the Hawaii Republican Party.

Life

Alexander & Baldwin, one of the "Big Five" corporations that dominated Hawaii economics in the early twentieth century, was started by his father Henry Perrine Baldwin and uncle Samuel Thomas Alexander in 1869.[1] His father was son of early missionary Dwight Baldwin, and his mother Emily Whitney Alexander was daughter of early missionary William P. Alexander.[2] Born January 12, 1871 on the Baldwin house at the Paliuli sugar mill in the Kingdom of Hawaii on the island of Maui, between the towns of Pāʻia and Makawao, Hawaii. Baldwin was educated in Honolulu at Punahou School. His parents sent him to Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts from which he graduated in 1889. In 1894, Baldwin obtained a degree at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he was a member of the Chi Phi Fraternity.

He returned to work for his father and uncle on the Haiku sugarcane plantation. From 1897 to 1904 he became manager. Sugarcane production became very profitable with increasing trade with the United States and annexation of Hawaii in 1898. Haiku merged with the Pāʻia plantation, and he became president of the combined operation called the Maui Agricultural Company.[3] He served as president of Maui Telephone Company, and Maui Publishing Company. He was a director of Baldwin Bank, which later became part of First Hawaiian Bank.[4] In 1916, during World War I, he served as colonel of the 3rd Regiment of the Hawaii National Guard. On July 19, 1897 he married Ethel Frances Smith (1879–1967), daughter of lawyer William Owen Smith in Honolulu — his younger brother Samuel would later marry sister Katherine Smith. They had one daughter, Frances Hobron (1904–1996) who married J. Walter Cameron (1895–1976), manager of the Pineapple plantation in Honolua.[3] Cameron's company Maui Pineapple Company merged with Baldwin's pineapple business to become the Maui Land & Pineapple Company.[5] The Camerons' son Colin Cameron founded the Kapalua Bay Hotel & Villas resort.[6] The pineapple business continued until 2009.[7]

Politics

Baldwin became county chairman for the Hawaii Republican Party in 1912. He entered local politics in 1913 when he was elected to the Hawaii Territorial Senate.[8] He was territorial senator until 1921 when he was called to higher office to fulfill the unexpired term of Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole in Washington, D.C. who had died. Baldwin was elected to fill the vacancy for Congressional Delegate from March 25, 1922 to March 3, 1923. Despite pleas to continue service, he retired from politics and returned to his private business ventures. Baldwin emerged from retirement to serve in the Hawaii Territorial House of Representatives in 1933. Following a single term, Baldwin returned to the upper chamber where he became territory senate president in 1937.[9] He died at Pāʻia, Maui on October 8, 1946 and was buried in Makawao Cemetery.[10]

Legacy

A beach park near Pāʻia, originally a company recreation facility, is named for him at 20°54′46″N 156°23′27″W / 20.91278°N 156.39083°W.[11] The 1917 mansion designed by his cousin architect Charles William Dickey called Kaluanui is now the home of Hui Noʻeau Visual Arts Center. It is located at 2841 Baldwin Avenue, Makawao, 20°52′14″N 156°19′17″W / 20.87056°N 156.32139°W.[12]

Family tree

See also

References

  1. ↑ "company history". on Alexander & Baldwin corporate web site. Retrieved 2009-07-26.
  2. ↑ "History: 7 Generations - a paniolo legacy". web site. Piʻiholo Ranch. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 George F. Nellist, ed. (1925). "Harry A. Baldwin". The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders. Honolulu Star Bulletin.
  4. ↑ John William Siddall, ed. (1917). Men of Hawaii: being a biographical reference library, complete and authentic, of the men of note and substantial achievement in the Hawaiian Islands 1. Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. 31.
  5. ↑ "About Us - J. Walter Cameron". web site. J. Walter Cameron Center. Retrieved 2010-01-06.
  6. ↑ Gary Kubota (March 28, 1996). "Obituaries: Frances Cameron, 92, member of Maui Pine family". Honolulu Star-Bulletin.
  7. ↑ "Maui Land & Pineapple Company, Inc. Announces New Corporate Direction" (PDF). Press Release. Maui Land & Pineapple Company. November 3, 2009. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
  8. ↑ "Baldwin, Henry A. office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  9. ↑ Henry Alexander Baldwin at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
  10. ↑ Henry Alexander Baldwin at Find a Grave
  11. ↑ Lloyd J. Soehren (2004). "lookup of Baldwin". on Hawaiian place names. Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library. Retrieved 2010-01-08.
  12. ↑ "Kaluanui: Harry and Ethel Baldwin Estate". web site. Hui Noʻeau Visual Arts Center. 2006.
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole		 Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives
from Territory of Hawaii's at-large congressional district
March 25, 1922 – March 3, 1923 		Succeeded by
William Paul Jarrett