Hawaii's 2nd congressional district

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district
Hawaii's 2nd congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Current Representative Tulsi Gabbard (D–Honolulu)
Distribution 83.65% urban, 16.35% rural
Population (2010) 699,332[1]
Median income $48,686
Ethnicity 29.8% White, 1.6% Black, 28.8% Asian, 9.0% Hispanic, 0.4% Native American
Cook PVI D+21

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Hawaii. The district encompasses all rural and most suburban areas that are part of the City and County of Honolulu, which covers all of the island of Oahu. While the urban areas of Oahu are part of the 1st District, the 2nd District includes all of the Windward, North Shore, Central and Leeward regions of Oahu. It also includes the entire state outside of Oahu. This includes the areas located in the counties of Kauai (which includes the islands of Kauaʻi, Niʻihau, Lehua and Kaʻula), Maui (which consists of the islands of Maui, Kahoolawe, Lānai, Molokai except for a portion of Molokai that comprises Kalawao County and Molokini) and Hawaii coextensive with the Island of Hawaiʻi, often called "the Big Island". The district spans 331 miles. The most populous community entirely within the district is Hilo. Major segments of the economy include tourism, ranching and agriculture, especially pineapple and sugarcane cultivation.

The district is represented by Democrat Tulsi Gabbard.

History

When Hawaii and Alaska were admitted to the Union in 1959, both new states were granted one at-large Representative to Congress pending the next United States Census. In the reapportionment following the 1960 U.S. Census, Hawaii was entitled to a second U.S. Representative. Instead of creating two congressional districts, the state continued to elect its U.S. Representatives at-large. Two representatives were first elected in 1962 and Hawaii was first represented by two U.S. Representatives on January 2, 1963 upon the convening of the 88th Congress.

The 2nd Congressional District was created in 1971 when Hawaii began electing its representatives from districts instead of electing an at-large U.S. Representative statewide.

Political profile

Historically, the 2nd Congressional District has been the more Democratic of the state's two districts, with a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+21.

In 2004, President George W. Bush received 44 percent of the vote in this district to 56 percent for Democrat John Kerry.

In 2008, Democrat and Hawaii native Barack Obama carried this district overwhelmingly with 73 percent of the vote.

Election results from presidential races

Year Office Result[2]
2000 President Gore 56% - Bush 36%
2004 President Kerry 56% - Bush 44%
2008 President Obama 73% - McCain 25%
2012 President Obama 71% - Romney 27%

Residency requirement

Under the U.S. Constitution, a candidate for this district only has to be a resident of Hawaii, but does not have to live in the district itself. The first non-resident to be elected to this U.S. House seat was Ed Case, a Honolulu attorney, though Case was born and raised on the Big Island of Hawaii. The home state office of the Second Congressional District is at the Prince Kuhio Federal Building near Honolulu Harbor.

List of representatives

Representative Party Years Congress(es) Notes
Patsy Mink Democratic January 3, 1971 —
January 3, 1977		 92nd
93rd
94th		 Redistricted from the At-large seat, and re-elected here in 1970
Re-elected in 1974
Retired to run for U.S. Senator
Daniel Akaka Democratic January 3, 1977 —
May 15, 1990		 95th
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th
101st		 Elected in 1976
Re-elected in 1978
Re-elected in 1980
Re-elected in 1982
Re-elected in 1984
Re-elected in 1986
Re-elected in 1988
Resigned when appointed to the U.S. Senate
Vacant May 15, 1990 —
September 22, 1990		 101st
Patsy Mink Democratic September 22, 1990 —
September 28, 2002		 101st
102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th		 Elected to finish Akaka's term
Re-elected in 1990
Re-elected in 1992
Re-elected in 1994
Re-elected in 1996
Re-elected in 1998
Re-elected in 2000
Died, but re-elected posthumously
Vacant September 28, 2002 —
November 30, 2002
Ed Case Democratic November 30, 2002 —
January 3, 2003		 107th Elected to finish Mink's term in the 107th Congress
Congress ended before the January 4, 2003 special election to the next Congress.
Vacant January 3, 2003 —
January 4, 2003
Ed Case Democratic January 4, 2003 —
January 3, 2007		 107th
108th
109th		 Elected to finish Mink's term in the 108th Congress
Re-elected in 2004
Retired to run for U.S. Senator
Mazie Hirono Democratic January 3, 2007 —
January 3, 2013		 110th
111th
112th		 Elected in 2006
Re-elected in 2008
Re-elected in 2010
Retired to run for U.S. Senator
Tulsi Gabbard Democratic January 3, 2013 —
Present		 113th Elected in 2012

Election results

1970 • 1972 • 1974 • 1976 • 1978 • 1980 • 1982 • 1984 • 1986 • 1988 • 1990 (Special) • 1990 • 1992 • 1994 • 1996 • 1998 • 2000 • 2002 • 2002 (Special) • 2003 (Special) • 2004 • 2006 • 2008 • 2010 • 2012

1970

United States House of Representatives elections, 1970[3]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink 91,038 100.00
Total votes 91,038 100.0
Democratic win (new seat)

1972

United States House of Representatives elections, 1972[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 79,856 57.08
Republican Diana Hansen-Young 60,043 42.92
Total votes 139,899 100.0
Democratic hold

1974

United States House of Representatives elections, 1974[5]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 86,916 62.58
Republican Carla W. Coray 51,984 37.42
Total votes 138,900 100.0
Democratic hold

1976

United States House of Representatives elections, 1976[6]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka 124,116 79.51
Republican Hank Inouye 23,917 15.32
Independents for Godly Government Bill Penaroza 3,461 2.22
People's Party Dexter Cate 2,408 1.54
Libertarian Don Smith 2,197 1.41
Total votes 156,099 100.0
Democratic hold

1978

United States House of Representatives elections, 1978[7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 118,272 85.73
Republican Charlie Isaak 15,697 11.38
Libertarian Amelia L. Fritts 3,988 2.89
Total votes 137,957 100.0
Democratic hold

1980

United States House of Representatives elections, 1980[8]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 141,477 89.90
Libertarian Don Smith 15,903 10.10
Total votes 157,380 100.0
Democratic hold

1982

United States House of Representatives elections, 1982[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 132,072 89.23
Nonpartisan Gregory B. Mills 9,080 6.14
Libertarian Amelia L. Fritts 6,856 4.63
Total votes 148,008 100.0
Democratic hold

1984

United States House of Representatives elections, 1984[10]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 112,377 82.18
Republican A.D. (Al) Shipley 20,000 14.63
Libertarian Amelia L. Fritts 4,364 3.19
Total votes 136,741 100.0
Democratic hold

1986

United States House of Representatives elections, 1986[11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 123,830 76.05
Republican Maria M. Hustace 35,371 21.73
Libertarian Ken Schoolland 3,618 2.22
Total votes 162,819 100.0
Democratic hold

1988

United States House of Representatives elections, 1988[12]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 144,802 88.94
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 18,006 11.06
Total votes 162,808 100.0
Democratic hold

1990 (Special)

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district special election, 1990[13]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink 51,841 37.35
Democratic Mufi Hannemann 50,164 36.14
Democratic Ron Menor 23,629 17.02
Republican Andy Poepoe 8,872 6.39
Republican Stanley Monsef 2,264 1.63
Democratic Duane A. Black 1,242 0.90
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 791 0.57
Total votes 138,803 100.0
Democratic hold

1990

United States House of Representatives elections, 1990[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 118,155 66.27
Republican Andy Poepoe 54,625 30.64
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 5,508 3.09
Total votes 178,288 100.0
Democratic hold

1992

United States House of Representatives elections, 1992[15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 131,454 72.65
Republican Kamuela Price 40,070 22.14
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 9,431 5.21
Total votes 180,955 100.0
Democratic hold

1994

United States House of Representatives elections, 1994[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 124,431 70.14
Republican Robert H. (Lopaka) Garner 42,891 24.18
Libertarian Larry Bartley 10,074 5.68
Total votes 177,396 100.0
Democratic hold

1996

United States House of Representatives elections, 1996[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 109,178 60.33
Republican Tom Pico, Jr. 55,729 30.80
Nonpartisan Nolan Crabbe 7,723 4.27
Libertarian James M. Keefe 4,769 2.64
Natural Law Amanda (Mandy) Toulon 3,564 1.97
Total votes 180,963 100.0
Democratic hold

1998

United States House of Representatives elections, 1998[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 144,254 69.40
Republican Carol J. Douglass 50,423 24.25
Libertarian Noreen Leilehua Chun 13,194 6.35
Total votes 207,871 100.0
Democratic hold

2000

United States House of Representatives elections, 2000[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 112,856 61.59
Republican Russ Francis 65,906 35.97
Libertarian Lawrence G.K. Duquesne 4,468 2.44
Total votes 183,230 100.0
Democratic hold

2002

United States House of Representatives elections, 2002[20]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 100,671 56.16
Republican Bob McDermott 71,661 39.98
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 4,719 2.63
Natural Law Nick Bedworth 2,200 1.23
Total votes 179,251 100.0
Democratic hold

2002 (Special)

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district special election, 2002[21]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case 23,576 51.44
Democratic John Mink 16,624 36.27
Republican John Carroll 1,933 4.22
Republican Whitney Anderson 942 2.06
No party 34 others 2,754 5.96%
Total votes 46,216 100.0
Democratic hold

2003 (Special)

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district special election, 2003[22]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case (incumbent) 33,002 43.24
Democratic Matt Matsunaga 23,050 30.20
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa 6,046 7.92
Republican Barbara Marumoto 4,497 5.89
Republican Bob McDermott 4,298 5.63
No party 39 others 5,435 7.12%
Total votes 76,328 100.0
Democratic hold

2004

United States House of Representatives elections, 2004[23]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case (incumbent) 133,317 62.77
Republican Mike Gabbard 79,072 37.23
Total votes 212,389 100.0
Democratic hold

2006

United States House of Representatives elections, 2006[24]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mazie Hirono 106,906 61.04
Republican Bob Hogue 68,244 38.96
Total votes 175,150 100.0
Democratic hold

2008

United States House of Representatives elections, 2008[25]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mazie Hirono (incumbent) 165,748 76.06
Republican Roger B. Evans 44,425 20.39
Independent Shaun Stenshol 4,042 1.86
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 3,699 1.70
Total votes 217,914 100.0
Democratic hold

2010

United States House of Representatives elections, 2010[26]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mazie Hirono (incumbent) 132,290 72.19
Republican John W. Willoughby 46,404 25.32
Libertarian Pat Brock 3,254 1.78
Nonpartisan Andrew V. Von Sonn 1,310 0.72
Total votes 183,258 100.0
Democratic hold

2012

United States House of Representatives elections, 2012[27]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Tulsi Gabbard 168,466 80.54
Republican Kawika Crowley 40,697 19.45
Blank Votes 5,631 N/A
Over Votes 73 N/A
Total votes 214,867 100
Democratic hold

Historical district boundaries

2003 - 2013

See also

References

Coordinates: 19°48′35″N 155°30′22″W / 19.80972°N 155.50611°W