Hanover, Kansas

Hanover, Kansas
City

Location within Washington County and Kansas
Coordinates: 39°53′27″N 96°52′31″W / 39.89083°N 96.87528°WCoordinates: 39°53′27″N 96°52′31″W / 39.89083°N 96.87528°W
Country United States
State Kansas
County Washington
Area[1]
 • Total 0.54 sq mi (1.40 km2)
 • Land 0.54 sq mi (1.40 km2)
 • Water 0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation 1,230 ft (375 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • Total 682
 • Estimate (2012[3]) 678
 • Density 1,300/sq mi (490/km2)
Time zone Central (CST) (UTC-6)
 • Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code 66945
Area code(s) 785
FIPS code 20-29875 [4]
GNIS feature ID 0472646 [5]

Hanover is a city in Washington County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 682.[6]

History

Hanover was laid out in 1869, and incorporated as a city in 1872.[7] Geret Hollenberg and Sophia Brockmeyer, settled in Northeastern Kansas Territory in 1858. Geret Henry Hollenberg was born in Hanover, Germany in 1823 an came to Kansas Territory in his thirties. He settled his farm originally called "The Cottonwood Ranch" and later the "Hollenberg Station" alongside the Little Blue River, which became a popular stop along the Pony Express. The Hollenberg Pony Express Station is the only remaining building along the two thousand mile route, and it continues to stand one mile northeast of Hanover. In the 1940's it was registered as a National Historic Landmark.[8][9][9] The "Hollenberg Station" became an important hub along the way for Pony Express travelers and he eventually established a grocery and stage depot on his farm in 1858. [10] The Hollenberg farm housed nine boarding rooms, and the success of "Hollenberg Station" as a business attracted more people to the area and many settled alongside the Hollengbergs in the decade leading up to the establishment of Hanover.[9] The region was especially attractive to German speakers and settlers, and when the town was established Hollenberg continued to draw to settlers of German, as well as Czech origin. Until WWI many residents of Hanover and the surrounding continued to speak their native languages, and to this day many German traditions remain an important aspect of town identity.[9] German settlers often encountered Native people groups such as the Pawnee, Kansa, Kaw. Contact between the German settlers and natives were mainly non-violent and few conflicts were reported between the various groups. In fact, a substantial amount of trade took place between the settlers and the native groups. [9] Prior to the establishment of the town, in 1868 a school district was established in the area to satisfy the need to educate children of settlers who continued to arrive near the "Hollenberg Station."[9] Hollenberg, who laid out the original plans for the town in 1869, decided to name it Hanover after his hometown in Germany.[11][9] A contemporary of Hollenberg wrote at the time that Hanover represented "just a little bit of Germany" in Kansas Territory.[12] Located at the junction of two railroads, it was an important shipping point.[7] Access to the railroad was greatly contributed to the economic growth of Hanover, enabling the expansion of the local grain elevator. The success of the grain elevator, because of its close connection with the railroad contributed to the growth and initial success of the town.[9] As the town continued to develop, a German Evangelical Society church, as well as a Catholic church to serve the town's Czech residents were established in 1870. [13] Additionally, following the movement of some Native groups to Oklahoma from the nearby Ottoe reservation, some land was annexed by the Hanover township, which allowed for further expansion as more white settlers moved into the area.[14][15]

Geography

Hanover is located at 39°53′27″N 96°52′31″W / 39.89083°N 96.87528°W (39.890836, -96.875348).[16] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.54 square miles (1.40 km2), all of it land.[1]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1990696—
2000653−6.2%
20106824.4%
U.S. Decennial Census

2010 census

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 682 people, 285 households, and 180 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,263.0 inhabitants per square mile (487.6/km2). There were 314 housing units at an average density of 581.5 per square mile (224.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.2% White, 0.9% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.6% of the population.

There were 285 households of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.7% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.8% were non-families. 34.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 3.06.

The median age in the city was 41.8 years. 24.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.7% were from 25 to 44; 26.7% were from 45 to 64; and 19.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.0% male and 50.0% female.

2000 census

As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 653 people, 283 households, and 170 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,298.7 people per square mile (504.2/km²). There were 332 housing units at an average density of 660.3 per square mile (256.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.32% White, 0.61% African American, 0.46% Native American, and 0.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.46% of the population.

There were 283 households out of which 24.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.9% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 23.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the city the population was spread out with 21.4% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 28.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,375, and the median income for a family was $38,667. Males had a median income of $25,104 versus $18,235 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,596. About 5.7% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.7% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-07-06.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-07-06.
  3. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  5. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  6. ↑ "2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. Standard Publishing Company. p. 806.
  8. ↑ Wilson, Julie (Summer 1996). ""Kansas Über Alles!": The Geography and Ideology of Conquest, 1870-1900". The Western Historical Quarterly 27 (2): 170–187. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 Carnes, Rebekah (Spring 2012). "Hanover, Washington County, Kansas". Lost Kansas Communities: 2. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  10. ↑ Wilson, Julie (Summer 1996). ""Kansas Über Alles!": The Geography and Ideology of Conquest, 1870-1900". The Western Historical Quarterly 27 (2): 170–187. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  11. ↑ Kansas State Historical Society (1916). Biennial Report of the Board of Directors of the Kansas State Historical Society. Kansas State Printing Plant. p. 312.
  12. ↑ Wilson, Julie (Summer 1996). ""Kansas Über Alles!": The Geography and Ideology of Conquest, 1870-1900". The Western Historical Quarterly 27 (2): 170–187. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  13. ↑ Rebekah Carnes, “Hanover, Washington County,” Lost Kansas Communities, accessed April 26, 2015, http://lostkscommunities.omeka.net/items/show/92
  14. ↑ Rebekah Carnes, “Hanover, Washington County,” Lost Kansas Communities, accessed April 26, 2015, http://lostkscommunities.omeka.net/items/show/92
  15. ↑ Wilson, Julie (Summer 1996). ""Kansas Über Alles!": The Geography and Ideology of Conquest, 1870-1900". The Western Historical Quarterly 27 (2): 170–187. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  16. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.

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