HMS Grasshopper (1813)
 HMS Pelorus, a sister-ship also converted to a ship-sloop | |
| Career (United Kingdom) |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | HMS Grasshopper |
| Ordered: | 6 January 1812 |
| Builder: | Master Shipwright Nicholas Diddams, Portsmouth Dockyard |
| Laid down: | August 1812 |
| Launched: | 16 February 1813 |
| Fate: | Sold on 30 May 1832 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Cruizer-class brig-sloop (ship-sloop from 1822) |
| Tons burthen: | 382 41⁄94 (bm) |
| Length: | 100 ft 0 in (30.5 m) (overall) 77 ft 3 1⁄2 in (23.6 m) (keel) |
| Beam: | 30 ft 6 in (9.3 m) |
| Draught: | 6 ft 10 in (2.1 m) (unladen) 11 ft 0 in (3.4 m) (laden) |
| Depth of hold: | 12 ft 9 in (3.9 m) |
| Sail plan: | Brig (full-rigged ship from 1822) |
| Complement: | 121 |
| Armament: | 16 × 32-pounder carronades 2 × 6-pounder guns |
HMS Grasshopper was a Royal Navy 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop launched in 1813. She was the second ship of the class to bear the name; the first Grasshopper had been stranded at Texel and surrendered to the Batavian Republic on Christmas Day 1811.
Service
On 6 October 1813, Grasshopper recaptured the Dryades, Humphries, Master.[1]
From 1814 Grasshopper served in the Mediterranean. On 29 April and 18 May 1815, she captured the Maruccia, Madonna del Montalleggro, and the Immaculata Concezione.[2] Unfortunately, Grasshoper 's prize agents, Messers Lark and Woodhead, went bankrupt in 1816. As a result, the last of the prize money from these captures did not arrive until 1850, and then was minor.[Note 1]
More importantly, on 13 May was part of the squadron that was present at the surrender of Naples during the Neapolitan War, though she herself was not actually there. A British squadron, consisting of Grasshopper, the 74-gun Tremendous, the frigate Alcmene, and the sloop Partridge blockaded the port and destroyed all the gunboats there. Parliament voted a grant of £150,000 to the officers and men of the squadron for the property captured at the time, the grant being paid in 1816. Initially, Grasshopper was excluded from the payment as she was not actually present, having been sent on an errand. However, Sir Charles Barrard sued and eventually the court agreed that there had been a blockade and that Grasshopper had been part of the blockade and so was entitled to share in the grant. The money was paid in May 1819, with the other officers and crew of the other three vessels being required to repay part of their grant.[Note 2]
Grasshopper then spent 1816 and 1817 in Portsmouth. From 1818 she was assigned to the North America Station, being based at Halifax and Newfoundland.[5] During this time her captain was Commander David Buchan, and in her he carried out an assignment from the Governor, Sir Charles Hamilton, to return the native woman Demasduwit to her people, the Beothuks. Although she died of tuberculosis before the mission could be accomplished, he transported her body to a Beothuk camp by ascending the Exploits River in January 1820. Seeing signs of the Beothuk, but meeting none, they left her body and possessions in a tent by Red Indian Lake and returned to Grasshopper by the end of February.[6] In 1822 she returned to Portsmouth and was converted to a ship-sloop before returning in 1823 to Halifax. In 1827 she was in Woolwich Dockyard, presumably for another refit.[5]
From 1827 to 1830 Grasshopper served on the West Indies Station, based in Jamaica. There she was involved in suppressing the slave trade. Commander Abraham Crawford was appointed to the command of Grasshopper on 8 December 1827.[7]
On 27 June 1828 she captured the Xerxes. Admiral Fleeming had ordered Crawford to patrol Cuba's northwest coast and it was there that Grasshoper encountered the Xerxes. The Xerxes was armed with one 18-pounder gun, four smaller guns, and her 44-man crew was well supplied with small arms. She had sailed with 426 slaves, of whom 406 were still alive. Grasshopper chased Xerxes for 26 hours before capturing her in the Gulf of Mexico; Grasshopper then took her into Havana where British and Spanish Mixed Court condemned (confiscated) the vessel and nominally freed the now 401 surviving slaves on 12 July.[8][Note 3]
On 22 November she captured the Firme, which was carrying 487 slaves when Grasshopper. captured her, having started out from the Gold Coast with 492. She had a crew of 43 men, four passengers, and was armed with six guns, four 18-pounders, one 12-pounder, and one 24-pounder.[10] She too went into Havana and was condemned on 18 December.[Note 4] Crawford received promotion to post-captain in the hospital ship Magnificent, which was at Port Royal, Jamaica, on 5 January 1829; he invalided back to Britain on 3 April in the yacht Herald later that year.[7][11]
In 1832 Grasshopper returned to Portsmouth.[5]
Fate
The Admiralty offered Grasshopper for sale at Portsmouth on 30 May 1832.[12] She was sold on that day to Thomas Ward.[13]
Footnotes
- Notes
- ↑ A first-class share was worth 16s 8½d; a sixth-class share, the share of an ordinary seaman, was worth 4½d.[3]
- ↑ A first-class share for Sir Charles Barrard was worth £5546 11s 8d; a sixth-class share for an ordinary seaman on Grasshoper was worth £53 1s 7d. The amounts were equivalent to 10-20 years salary for Barrard and more than two years for an ordinary seaman.[4]
- ↑ A first-class share of the bounty money for 405 slaves, that amount accruing to Crawford, was worth £975 14s 4½d; a sixth-class share, that accruing to an ordinary seaman, was worth £11 12s 3¾d. Fleeming received a share equal to half a first-class share.[9]
- ↑ A first-class share of the bounty money for 487 slaves was worth £1091 8s 10d; a sixth-class share was worth £4 8s 5¼d. Here too Fleeming received a share equal to half a first-class share.[9]
- Citations
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16787. p. 2037. 12 october 1813.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 17803. p. 519. 26 March 1822.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 21105. p. 1703. 18 June 1850.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 17476. p. 827. 11 May 1819.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Phillips, Michael, Ships of the Old Navy - HMS Grasshopper
- ↑ Kirwin, William. "David Buchan at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online". University of Toronto. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 O'Byrne (1849), Vol. 1, pp.238-9.
- ↑ Martinez (2012), pp.103-4.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 The London Gazette: no. 18779. p. 376. 25 May 1831.
- ↑ British and Foreign State Papers, (1830), pp.109-111.
- ↑ Marshall (1832), Vol. 3, Part 2, pp.77.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 18934. p. 1019. 8 May 1832.
- ↑ Winfield (2004) p.72.
References
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8. OCLC 67375475.
- Martinez, Jenny S. (2012) The Slave Trade and the Origins of International Human Rights Law. (Oxford University Press). ISBN 9780195391626
- Marshall, John (1823-1835) Royal naval biography, or, Memoirs of the services of all the flag-officers, superannuated rear-admirals, retired-captains, post-captains, and commanders, whose names appeared on the Admiralty list of sea officers at the commencement of the present year 1823, or who have since been promoted ... (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown).
- O’Byrne, William R. (1849) A naval biographical dictionary: comprising the life and services of every living officer in Her Majesty's navy, from the rank of admiral of the fleet to that of lieutenant, inclusive. (London: J. Murray), vol. 1.
- Winfield, Rif & Lyon, David (2004). The Sail and Steam Navy List: All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815–1889. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-032-6. OCLC 52620555.
- Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth. ISBN 1861762461.
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