HMS Defiance (1861)
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Defiance |
| Operators: |
 Royal Navy |
| Preceded by: | Renown class |
| Succeeded by: | Bulwark class |
| Completed: | 1 |
| Career | |
| Name: | HMS Defiance |
| Ordered: | 17 June 1855 |
| Builder: | Pembroke Dock |
| Cost: | £119,442 |
| Laid down: | 20 September 1858 |
| Launched: | 27 March 1861 |
| Completed: | 1862 |
| Fate: | Sold, 26 June 1931 |
| General characteristics (Lambert[1]) | |
| Type: | Steam two-decker ship of the line |
| Tonnage: | 3475 tons BOM |
| Displacement: | 5,700 long tons (5,791 t) |
| Length: | 246 ft 9 in (75.21 m) o/a 220 ft (67 m) keel-line |
| Beam: | 55 ft 4 in (16.87 m) |
| Draught: | 24 ft 6 in (7.47 m) forward, 24 ft 6 in (7.47 m) aft |
| Propulsion: | Maudslay engine, 800 nhp, 3,550 ihp (2,647 kW) |
| Sail plan: | Main mast : 67 ft (20 m) x 40 in Fore mast : 61 ft (19 m) x 37 in Mizzen mast : 51 ft 6 in x 27 in |
| Speed: | 11.884 knots (13.676 mph; 22.009 km/h) under power (not masted or stored) |
| Complement: | 860 |
| Armament: | Gun Deck: 34 × 8 inch (204 mm) 65 cwt shell guns Main deck: 36 × 32-pounder/56 cwt |
HMS Defiance was the last wooden line-of-battle ship launched for the Royal Navy. She never saw service as a wooden line-of-battle ship. In 1884 she became a schoolship.
Design
Defiance was a development of the Renown class. The second pair of Renown's, HMS Atlas and HMS Anson, had a modified, finer stern run. Defiance was originally laid down as to the same plan as Atlas, but a new plan dated 8 October 1858 was prepared giving Defiance a lengthened bow.[2]
Defiance was the last ship to use the midsection design that Isaac Watts created for HMS James Watt.[3]
Career
Her trials off Plymouth on 5 February 1862 were conducted when she was neither masted nor stored. The trial speed of 11.886 knots (22.013 km/h) was worse than the similar trials of Atlas (13.022 knots (24.117 km/h)) and Anson (12.984 knots (24.046 km/h)). However Defiance's lack of sea service means that there can be no certainty as to whether her design was an improvement on Atlas.[4]
On 26 November 1884 Defiance became the Devonport torpedo and mining schoolship.[5] A special railway station to serve personnel travelling to and from the school, known as "Defiance Platform", was situated just west of Saltash railway station from 1905 until 1930.
She was sold on 26 June 1931 to Castle's Shipbreaking Yard for dismantling at Millbay, Plymouth.[6] Doige's Annual for 1932 poignantly describes her as "the last of England's 'Wooden Walls'".
Notes
- ↑ Lambert, Battleships in Transition, pp.122-6.
- ↑ Lambert, Battleships in Transition, pp.125-6.
- ↑ Lambert, Battleships in Transition, p.126.
- ↑ Lambert, Battleships in Transition, pp.125-6.
- ↑ Lambert, Battleships in Transition, p.126. Online history HMS Defiance
- ↑ Lambert, Battleships in Transition, p.126. Online history HMS Defiance
References
- Lambert, Andrew Battleships in Transition, the Creation of the Steam Battlefleet 1815-1860, Conway Maritime Press, 1984. ISBN 0-85177-315-X
- Online history HMS Defiance
